How has addiction treatment evolved over time?
Problematic use of substances was observed as early as the 17th century. 1 The evolution of addiction treatment, from the mid-18th century to the present, is outlined below. Several pioneers of treatment during these times contributed to a rich body of scientific knowledge that continues to influence our understanding of addiction today.
What are the drugs that cause physical dependence?
Substances associated with the development of strong physical dependence typically include: Alcohol Opiate drugs, such as heroin, morphine, Vicodin, etc. Benzodiazepines, such as Xanax, Valium, Ativan, etc. Barbiturates, such as Seconal and phenobarbital.
What is the history of acupuncture in addiction treatment?
Lincoln Recovery was initially an outpatient treatment center in the 1970s that used methadone. In 1973-74, a community-based demand for natural, non-pharmaceutical treatments for heroin and opioid addiction spurred the use of acupuncture in the clinic.
Can acupuncture help treat heroin and opiate addiction?
In 1973-74, a community-based demand for natural, non-pharmaceutical treatments for heroin and opioid addiction spurred the use of acupuncture in the clinic. The alternative treatment proved to be highly successful, and many of the founding staff went on to study acupuncture. 19
So, What Is Physiological Dependence?
Dependence comes in two forms: psychical and psychological. Both are essential to manage in order to break through addiction. It’s important to know that behavior can’t be easily divided into categories like this, either being purely physical or psychological. What we do know is that drugs interact with a person’s being in various ways.
Breaking Drug Dependence
In either situation, it is critical for doctors and therapists to work together to create a treatment plan. As noted, this often occurs in a detox program where medications can be administered to help reduce the withdrawal symptoms. Some medications do reduce anxiety and cravings associated with the process as well.
Who monitors substance use disorders?
The recovery process for individuals who have developed substance use disorders to these substances should be strictly monitored by a physician or psychiatrist who specializes in addiction medicine to identify any potential seizure activity and immediately address it.
What is psychological dependence?
The term psychological dependence is generally meant to describe the emotional and mental processes that are associated with the development of, and recovery from, a substance use disorder or process addiction. However, there can be no total separation of emotion and cognition from physiology. To imply that “psychological dependence” is not as ...
What are the symptoms of addictive behavior?
The symptoms associated with the psychological components of addictive behaviors or with psychological dependence are generally listed as: Cognitive issues, such as issues with concentration, memory, problem-solving, and other aspects of judgment, etc. The aspects associated with physical dependence are typically focused around the issues ...
What are the withdrawal symptoms of a substance?
The general observation here is that all substances of abuse are associated with both psychological and physical aspects of dependence; however, many sources separate the aspects of the development of a substance use disorder and the withdrawal process into substances that are associated with withdrawal symptoms that are primarily psychological in nature. Typically, these substances include: 1 Most stimulants, including cocaine and Ritalin 2 Most hallucinogenic drugs, such as LSD 3 Cannabis products (although there is mounting evidence that there may be a significant physical process of withdrawal that occurs in chronic users of cannabis products) 4 Many inhalant products 5 Many psychotropic medications, such as antidepressant medications
What are the cognitive issues associated with physical dependence?
Cognitive issues, such as issues with concentration, memory, problem-solving, and other aspects of judgment, etc. The aspects associated with physical dependence are typically focused around the issues of tolerance and physical withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, hallucinations, etc.
What are the issues with uncertainty about being able to stop using the substance of choice?
Obsessing over obtaining or using the drug of choice. Cognitive issues, such as issues with concentration, memory, problem-solving, and other aspects of judgment, etc.
What happens when you don't use your drug?
Irritability and restlessness that occur when someone is not using their drug of choice or trying to quit. Any other issues with mood swings that occur when one is not using their substance of choice or attempting to quit. Appetite loss or increased appetite associated with not using the substance of choice.
What is the name of the drug that was used to treat alcoholism?
Disulfiram and other drugs are used to treat alcoholism (1948-1950). Disulfiram, otherwise known as Antabuse, was introduced in the U.S. as a supplemental treatment for alcoholism. Antabuse created feelings of nausea and unpleasant reactions to alcohol.
When were psychoactive drugs first used?
Psychoactive drugs have been used since the earliest human civilizations. Problematic use of substances was observed as early as the 17th century. 1. The evolution of addiction treatment, from the mid-18th century to the present, is outlined below.
What is the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act?
This act required insurance companies and group health plans to provide similar benefits for mental health and/or substance use treatment and services as other types of medical care. 27.
What is the purpose of naltrexone?
The program teaches skills for self-directed change and helps users cope with urges and manage thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that can drive addiction. 23. Naltrexone approved for alcoholism (1994). In late 1994, naltrexone became the second drug the FDA approved for alcoholism.
When was the Drug Addiction Treatment Act passed?
Drug Addiction Treatment Act passed (1999). This bill was introduced in 1999 to amend the Controlled Substances Act with stricter registration requirements for practitioners who dispense narcotic drugs in Schedules III, IV, or V for maintenance and detoxification treatment. 25.
When was methadone first used?
Methadone introduced (1964). Vincent Dole, an endocrinologist, and Dr. Marie Nyswander, a psychiatrist, introduced methadone to treat narcotic addiction. The FDA approved it to treat heroin addiction in 1972. 2 Methadone is a slow-acting opioid agonist that prevents harsh opioid withdrawal symptoms. 18.
When was alcoholism first defined?
American Medical Association defines alcoholism (1952). In 1952 , the American Medical Association (AMA) first defined alcoholism. 2 Eventually, the committee agreed to define alcoholism as a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing the condition’s prognosis. 16.
So, What Is Physiological Dependence?
Breaking Drug Dependence
- In either situation, it is critical for doctors and therapists to work together to create a treatment plan. As noted, this often occurs in a detox program where medications can be administered to help reduce the withdrawal symptoms. Some medications do reduce anxiety and cravings associated with the process as well. Yet, it is important to go throu...
Get Help For What You’Re Experiencing by Calling United Recovery Project
- Do you think you have physiological dependence? Even if you’re not sure, help is available to you at United Recovery Project. You can stop using drugs or alcohol for good and feel good about the process. For many people, this takes being surrounded by supportive people and having access to treatment tailored to what you’re experiencing. Our team can help you with that. Call us now at 9…