Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder. Histamine H 2 antagonists (H 2 RAs) are the pharmacological treatment option for FD, but no potent evidence has been found for the efficacy of these drugs in the condition.
Full Answer
What are histamine-2 antagonists?
Histamine-2 antagonists block the release of hydrochloric acid in response to gastrin. These drugs include cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid), and nizatidine (Axid). Selectively block H2 receptors located on the parietal cells.
What is included in the evaluation of a patient using H2 antagonists?
Evaluation of a patient using H2 antagonists include: Monitor patient response to the drug (relief of GI symptoms, ulcer healing, prevention of progression of ulcer). Monitor for adverse effects (dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, GI alterations, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, gynecomastia).
What are the most common H2 antagonists?
Here is a table of the most commonly used H2 antagonists. Histamine-2 antagonists block the release of hydrochloric acid in response to gastrin. These drugs include cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid), and nizatidine (Axid).
What is the mechanism of action of H2 antagonist?
Therapeutic actions The desired actions of H2 antagonists include the following: Selectively block H2 receptors located on the parietal cells. Prevents the release of gastrin, a hormone that causes local release of histamine (due to stimulation of histamine receptors), ultimately blocking the production of hydrochloric acid.
Which of the following is a histamine 2 antagonist?
Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists Commonly used H2RAs include famotidine, cimetidine, nizatidine, and ranitidine.
What is the action of histamine 2 receptor antagonists?
Mechanism of Action H2RAs decrease gastric acid secretion by reversibly binding to histamine H2 receptors located on gastric parietal cells, thereby inhibiting the binding and activity of the endogenous ligand histamine. H2 blockers thus function as competitive antagonists.
Which histamine 2 antagonist is associated with the most drug interactions?
tidine is the H2-receptor antagonist that has been most often associated with clinically significant drug- drug interactions; however, studies show that ranitidine to a lesser ex- tent also presents problems.
What is H2 receptor antagonist used for?
Histamine H2-receptor antagonists, also known as H2-blockers, are used to treat duodenal ulcers and prevent their return. They are also used to treat gastric ulcers and for some conditions, such as Zollinger-Ellison disease, in which the stomach produces too much acid.
Which of the following is an H2 antagonist quizlet?
Cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, and ranitidine are histamine H2 antagonists.
Which of the following drugs are H2 blockers for the treatment of GERD?
There are four H2 blockers available by prescription:cimetidine (Tagamet)ranitidine (Zantac)**nizatidine (Axid)famotidine (Pepsid)
What are examples of H2 antihistamines?
Types of H2 BlockersFamotidine (Pepcid AC, Pepcid Oral, Zantac 360)Cimetidine (Tagamet, Tagamet HB)Nizatidine Capsules (Axid AR, Axid Capsules, Nizatidine Capsules)
Which of the following drugs are H2 antihistamine?
List of H2 antagonists:Drug NameAvg. RatingReviewsZantac (Pro) Generic name: ranitidine7.882 reviewsPepcid (Pro) Generic name: famotidine6.59 reviewsPepcid AC Chewable Tablets Generic name: famotidine9.53 reviewsAxid AR (Pro) Generic name: nizatidine103 reviews30 more rows
What drugs interact with H2 antagonists?
H2 blockers can also interact with other drugs. For example, Tagamet may alter the effectiveness of some pain relief medications. It may also reduce the body's metabolism of warfarin, a blood thinner. These drugs can affect the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12, vitamin D, folate, and some other nutrients.
Which is the best H2 blocker?
Famotidine is the most potent, selective H2-receptor antagonist yet available for ulcer therapy. On a weight basis, famotidine is approximately eight times more potent than ranitidine and 40 times more potent than cimetidine.
What are H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors?
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine H2 antagonists (H2 blockers) are the most common medications prescribed for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The treatment usually begins with antacids or over-the-counter H2 blockers for mild symptoms.
What are H1 and H2 antihistamines?
H1-antihistamines are used to treat allergy symptoms. Within this group are two generations called the first generation and second generation antihistamines. H2-antihistamines are used to treat gastrointestinal conditions.
What is a Histamine 2 antagonist?
Description. Histamine-2 antagonists block the release of hydrochloric acid in response to gastrin. These drugs include cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid), and nizatidine (Axid).
What are the contraindications of H2 antagonists?
Contraindications and Cautions. The contraindications and cautions when using H2 antagonists include: Allergy. The H2 antagonists should not be used with known allergy to any drugs of this class to prevent hypersensitivity reactions.
What is the therapeutic action of H2 receptors?
Therapeutic actions. Selectively block H2 receptors located on the parietal cells. Prevents the release of gastrin, a hormone that causes local release of histamine (due to stimulation of histamine receptors), ultimately blocking the production of hydrochloric acid. Decreases pepsin production by the chief cells.
What are the adverse effects of H2 antagonists?
Monitor for adverse effects (dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, GI alterations, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, gynecomastia).
How to prevent toxicity of a drug?
Prevent serious toxicity. Arrange for decreased dose in cases of hepatic or renal dysfunction to prevent serious toxic ity.