Clinical Uses oF Adrenergic Agonist Anaphylaxis Epinephrine is the drug of choice for the immediate treatment of anaphylactic shock because it is an effective physiologic antagonist of many of the mediators of anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis
A life-threatening allergic reaction.
Full Answer
Is epinephrine the first drug of choice for anaphylaxis?
Anaphylaxis is an acute and potentially lethal multisystem allergic reaction. Most consensus guidelines for the past 30 years have held that epinephrine is the drug of choice and the first drug that should be administered in acute anaphylaxis.
What is another name for anaphylactic shock?
Other names: Anaphylactic Reaction; Anaphylactic Shock; Shock, Anaphylactic. About Anaphylaxis: Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening type of allergic reaction.
What is given during an anaphylactic attack?
During an anaphylactic attack, you might receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if you stop breathing or your heart stops beating. You might also be given medications, including: Epinephrine (adrenaline) to reduce your body's allergic response. Oxygen, to help you breathe.
What is the long-term treatment for anaphylactic shock?
Long-term treatment 1 Try to avoid your allergy triggers. 2 Carry self-administered epinephrine. During an anaphylactic attack, you can give yourself the drug using an autoinjector. More ...
What is the drug of choice for treating anaphylaxis?
Epinephrine is the drug of choice for treating anaphylaxis. It has alpha-agonist effects that include increased peripheral vascular resistance and reversed peripheral vasodilatation, systemic hypotension, and vascular permeability.
What is the best treatment for anaphylactic reactions?
The primary drug treatments for acute anaphylactic reactions are epinephrine and H1 antihistamines. According to the 2013 World Allergy Association update, [ 48] 2015 Joint Task Force anaphylaxis update, [ 47] and 2010 NIAID guidelines, [ 66] epinephrine is the drug of choice for life-threatening reactions. When the intravenous (IV) route is not indicated, the intramuscular (IM) route is preferable to the subcutaneous (SC) route due to more rapid and reliable absorption. The anterolateral thigh is the preferred site, in children and adults. There is evidence for better absorption at this site as compared to a deltoid IM injection or SC injection. A summary of pharmacological management recommendations is available in the Joint Task Force anaphylaxis update, [ 47] NIAID report, [ 66] or WAO report. [ 48]
How long after anaphylactic event should you take antihistamines?
Most recommendations for use of antihistamines state that they should be continued for 2-3 days after treatment of the acute anaphylactic event. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) View full drug information.
How long do corticosteroids last?
When administered acutely, corticosteroids commonly are continued for 2-3 days.
Does IM/SC help with anaphylaxis?
It also increases force of contraction in the heart and has a relaxant effect on the GI tract. The dose used for anaphylaxis is higher than the usual dose of 1 mg (1 U) IV/IM/SC used to treat hypoglycemia. These agents are useful as adjunctive therapy to IV fluids to treat refractory hypotension from anaphylaxis.
Can beta agonists be used for bronchospasm?
Inhaled beta agonists lack some of the adverse effects of epinephrine and are useful for cases of bronchospasm, but they may not have additional effects when optimal doses of epinephrine are used. Corticosteroids are potentially effective in preventing biphasic (ie, recurrent) reactions.
Do corticosteroids reverse anaphylaxis?
Corticosteroids have a delayed onset of action and do not reverse the cardiovascular effects of anaphylaxis. These agents should be used in severe reactions, but the use of epinephrine and H 1 antihistamines has a higher priority.
How to develop an anaphylaxis plan?
Developing an anaphylaxis emergency action plan can help put your mind at ease. Work with your own or your child's doctor to develop this written, step-by-step plan of what to do in the event of a reaction. Then share your plan with teachers, baby sitters and other caregivers.
How long after anaphylaxis can you test for an enzyme?
Your doctor will ask you questions about previous allergic reactions, including whether you've reacted to: To help confirm the diagnosis: You might be given a blood test to measure the amount of a certain enzyme (tryptase) that can be elevated up to three hours after anaphylaxis.
What is the best medicine for asthma?
Epinephrine (adrenaline) to reduce your body's allergic response. Oxygen, to help you breathe. Intravenous (IV) antihistamines and cortisone to reduce inflammation of your air passages and improve breathing. A beta-agonist (such as albuterol) to relieve breathing symptoms.
Can you use an autoinjector for anaphylaxis?
Using an autoinjector. Many people at risk of anaphylaxis carry an autoinjector. This device is a combined syringe and concealed needle that injects a single dose of medication when pressed against the thigh. Always replace epinephrine before its expiration date, or it might not work properly.
What are the drugs used for anaphylaxis?
Select drug class All drug classes vasopressors (11) antihistamines (5) adrenergic bronchodilators (11) phenothiazine antiemetics (5) catecholamines (11) Rx. OTC.
What is a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision?
There is a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. 2. Has a high potential for abuse. Has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. Abuse may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.