What is CINV chemotherapy?
An estimated 80% of patients with cancer will experience chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). 1. The term CINV includes emesis and nausea, which can involve a loss of appetite and result in decreased oral intake of fluids and calories. 1. Prevention is the primary goal in the management of CINV.
Which medication is used as an antiemetic?
Dopamine antagonists, such as metoclopramide (Reglan), domperidone (Motilium), and chlorpromazine, are amongst the most commonly used antiemetics, and they're also indicated for postoperative nausea and motion sickness.
How can CINV be prevented?
Prevention of CINV is key. If anticipatory CINV occurs, the NCCN and ASCO guidelines suggest the use of behavioral therapy, which may include systematic desensitization (ASCO, NCCN), hypnosis (NCCN), relaxation exercises (NCCN), cognitive distraction (NCCN), yoga (NCCN), or acupuncture/acupressure (NCCN).
What is CINV in oncology?
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most feared and severe side effects of cancer treatment. Incidence has been reported in as high as 70%–80% of patients.
Which of one is antiemetic drugs Mcq?
Ondansetron: It is prototype antiemetic drug used to control cancer chemotherapy/ radiotherapy induced vomiting and highly effective in PONV and disease/drug associated vomiting as well.
Which drug class is used along with commonly prescribed antiemetics to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy?
Ondansetron is used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Ondansetron is in a class of medications called serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.
Which of the following medications is likely to be effective for breakthrough CINV?
Olanzapine and metoclopramide are two agents that have been recommended by the international guidelines [12–14] for the treatment of breakthrough CINV.
Which of the following non pharmaceutical treatments is likely to be effective for anticipatory CINV?
In the future additional research in non-pharmaceutical interventions would be useful. Evidence has shown that hypnosis can effectively treat anticipatory CINV (Richardson et al., 2007) and early research indicates that alternative treatments such as acupuncture and massage may also be beneficial in prevention of CINV.
What cyclophosphamide is used for?
Cyclophosphamide is used to treat cancer of the ovaries, breast, blood and lymph system, and nerves (mainly in children). Cyclophosphamide is also used for retinoblastoma (a type of eye cancer mainly in children), multiple myeloma (cancer in the bone marrow), and mycosis fungoides (tumors on the skin).
What type of drug is ondansetron?
5-HT3 antagonistOndansetron / ClassificationThe 5-HT₃ antagonists, informally known as "setrons", are a class of drugs that act as receptor antagonists at the 5-HT₃ receptor, a subtype of serotonin receptor found in terminals of the vagus nerve and in certain areas of the brain. Wikipedia
When should antiemetics be given to most effectively manage CINV?
Pharmacological prevention and management of CINV To minimise the risk of CINV, the first dose of antiemetics should be given prior to commencing chemotherapy as per the following; Oral – 30 to 60 minutes prior to first dose of chemotherapy (optimal time is 60 minutes prior to commencing chemotherapy)
Is cisplatin highly emetogenic?
Cisplatin in germ cell tumors is administered for five consecutive days and is appropriately categorized as highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) with patients being vulnerable to nausea and vomiting on all five days.