people who have neuroendocrine solid papillary carcinoma cancer treatment

Is solid papillary carcinoma curable?

The treatment for solid papillary carcinomas is surgical excision. When invasive carcinoma is not present, the prognosis is excellent.

What is the survival rate of papillary breast cancer?

Papillary carcinoma is a slow-growing form of breast cancer, and specialists report a 10-year survival rate of between 85% to 100%. Furthermore, studies show a 10-year 'disease-free' rate of just under 75%.

Is solid papillary carcinoma cancer?

Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) of the breast is a rare breast cancer that accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancers. The optimal clinical management of SPC remains controversial.

Is solid papillary carcinoma invasive?

Although the papillary carcinomas are usually cystic, some may be mixed in composition (predominantly a solid component) or pure solid lesions. The solid lesions tend to be more invasive.

Is papillary breast cancer serious?

Papillary breast cancer rarely metastasizes (spreads to other parts of the body) and has a better overall survival and prognosis than other breast cancers. Your individual outlook depends on many factors, such as: stage at diagnosis. tumor grade.

What stage is papillary breast cancer?

Papillary carcinoma is often found with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), which is a type of early-stage breast cancer confined to a milk duct.

Is solid papillary carcinoma DCIS?

Solid papillary ductal carcinoma in situ (SP-DCIS) shares many morphological features with usual ductal hyperplasia (UDH) involving a papilloma: papillary architecture, solid growth, cellular streaming, and low-grade nuclear features. These similarities can make the distinction between these 2 entities challenging.

What is the treatment for encapsulated papillary carcinoma?

Surgical excision is a golden standard in the treatment of papillary lesions and is recommended if the core needle biopsy shows atypia or invasion and in the presence of imaging-histological discordance. Surgery is recommended in all cases when a solid mass in the cyst is seen.

What is invasive papillary carcinoma?

Invasive Papillary Carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the breast having a much better survival rate as compared to other carcinomas. Bloody nipple discharge is a relatively common presenting sign, occurring in 22–34% of cases or may present as a palpable mass.

What is encapsulated papillary carcinoma?

Encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) is a rare malignant papillary breast tumor that, despite a lack of distinct myoepithelial layer, is considered an in situ carcinoma unless associated with a frank invasive component. Data regarding clinicopathologic features of rare breast tumors like EPC are especially scarce.

What are papillary lesions of the breast?

Papillary lesions are a heterogeneous group of breast lesions that include benign papillomas, atypical papillomas, and papillary carcinomas. Intraductal papilloma usually presents with nipple discharge or a palpable mass, and surgical management is the common procedure.

What is Intracystic papillary carcinoma?

Abstract. Background: Intracystic papillary carcinoma (IPC) is a ductal carcinoma of papillary variety that develops in a cystic space surrounded by a fibrous capsule. It is a rare clinicopathological entity, the in situ or invasive character of which is difficult to establish, particularly on biopsy.

How is papillary breast cancer treated?

Papillary Breast Cancer Treatment Local therapy includes surgery (lumpectomy or mastectomy), and may include radiation. Systemic therapy is used to prevent the disease from coming back or spreading to another part of the body.

Is papillary breast cancer invasive?

Invasive papillary carcinomas of the breast are rare, accounting for less than 1-2% of invasive breast cancers. They occur most frequently in postmenopausal women in the 6th to 8th decade of life and in non-white women. More than 75% of the cases include a ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) component [1,2,3].

Are all papillary tumors cancerous?

Papillary tumors may be benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer). Papillary tumors occur most often in the bladder, thyroid, and breast, but they may occur in other parts of the body as well.

What does papillary mean?

Definition of papillary : of, relating to, being, or resembling a papilla or nipple-shaped projection, mass, or structure : marked by the presence of papillae papillary thyroid carcinoma tumors with papillary projections.

How to treat neuroendocrine tumors?

In general, neuroendocrine tumor treatment options might include: Surgery. Surgery is used to remove the tumor. When possible, surgeons work to remove the entire tumor and some of the healthy tissue that surrounds it. If the tumor can't be removed completely, it might help to remove as much of it as possible.

What to do if neuroendocrine tumor releases hormones?

If your neuroendocrine tumor releases excess hormones, your doctor might recommend medications to control your signs and symptoms.

What tests can be done to determine if a tumor is producing hormones?

In general, tests might include: Physical exam. Your doctor may examine your body to better understand your signs and symptoms. He or she may feel for swollen lymph nodes or look for signs that a tumor is producing excess hormones. Tests to look for excess hormones.

How to cope with cancer?

Turn to family and friends for support. Stay connected to family and friends for support. It can be tough to talk about your diagnosis, and you'll likely get a range of reactions when you share the news. But talking about your diagnosis and passing along information about your cancer can help you cope — and so can the offers of practical help that often result.

Can neuroendocrine tumors spread to other parts of the body?

If there's a risk that your neuroendocrine tumor may have spread to other parts of your body, you might have additional tests to determine the extent of the cancer.

Does Mayo Clinic treat neuroendocrine tumors?

Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your neuroendocrine tumors-related health concerns Start Here

Is it stressful to be diagnosed with neuroendocrine tumors?

Being diagnosed with a neuroendocrine tumor can be stressful and overwhelming. With time, you'll find ways to cope with the distress and uncertainty. Until then, you may find that it helps to:

What tumors were detected in a CT before and after chemotherapy?

Whole-body CT before and after chemotherapy. Lung metastatic nodules ( a, b) and liver tumors ( c) were detected. According to treatment with oral 5-FU, the lung metastatic tumors completely disappeared ( d, e ), and the liver metastases remarkably regressed ( f)

What percentage of SPCs are invasive?

Approximately 50% of cases are associated with invasive carcinoma [ 2 ]. In previous studies, invasive components have been reported in 27.2–75% of cases [ 4, 6, 9, 28 ]. The invasion can be multifocal and may have a pattern that is neuroendocrine-like, pure or mixed colloid, tubular, or invasive ductal but is rarely lobular [ 2, 6, 28 ]. SPC may also express one of the myoepithelial markers, including P63, α-smooth muscle actin, and CD10, and the expression of the proliferative tumor marker Ki-67 is usually low (less than 10%) [ 6, 10, 28 ]. Most SPCs show features of a low or intermediate nuclear grade, and a high nuclear grade is only reported in a few cases [ 6, 28, 29, 30 ].

What is a SPC?

Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) is a rare mammary papillary lesion that is difficult to pathologically diagnose [ 1, 2] and was first reported in 1995 by Maluf and Koerner [ 3 ]. SPC is a low-grade breast tumor that originates from expanded ducts and comprises morphologically well-circumscribed solid nodules separated by fibrovascular cores [ 1, 2, 4 ]. SPC is a rare disease that mainly affects postmenopausal women; indeed, it is relatively rare for a woman to be affected before the age of 50, and the average age of diagnosis with SPC is approximately 70 years old [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ]. Although SPC is considered to be carcinoma in situ by the latest WHO classification, some studies have suggested that SPC is actually an invasive cancer because of the absence of myoepithelial cells at the tumor periphery [ 2, 7, 8 ]. SPC accounts for approximately 1% of all breast cancers. At the time of diagnosis, approximately 90% of cases are localized lesions, 8% involve lymph node metastases, and less than 0.4% present with distant metastases [ 2, 8, 9 ]. In this article, we report a case of a 46-year-old patient with invasive SPC who developed multiple distant metastases 3 years after surgery.

What are the markers of a tumor?

The myoe pithelial markers CD10, P63, and α-smooth muscle actin were negative. Postoperative pathological findings suggested SPC with invasion. The tumor had an ER-positive, PgR-negative, and HER2-negative biological phenotype, while the Ki-67 labeling index was approximately 30%. The tumor exhibited an intermediate nuclear grade (grade II: 3-2-2) in the invasive components, and the stage was pT1b (8 mm)pN0 (0/2, sn)M0, pStage I.

How old is a woman with SPC?

SPC is a rare disease that mainly affects postmenopausal women; indeed, it is relatively rare for a woman to be affected before the age of 50, and the average age of diagnosis with SPC is approximately 70 years old [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ].

Is SPC metastasis hormone resistant?

According to the anatomical stage and pathological findings, this patient was assessed as being at a low-intermediate risk of recurrence, but she developed metastases early. The mechanism of SPC metastasis is largely unknown [ 28 ], but as a speculation, luminal B-like features, PgR negativity, neuroendocrine differentiation, and a relatively young patient age may be associated [ 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35 ]. As described, neuroendocrine differentiation shows a higher propensity for recurrence and poor overall survival [ 32, 33, 34 ].

Is SPC a cancer?

Although SPC is considered to be carcinoma in situ by the latest WHO classification, some studies have suggested that SPC is actually an invasive cancer because of the absence of myoepithelial cells at the tumor periphery [ 2, 7, 8 ]. SPC accounts for approximately 1% of all breast cancers. At the time of diagnosis, approximately 90% ...

Who prescribes a syringe for cancer?

This type of medication is generally prescribed by a medical oncologist, a doctor who specializes in treating cancer with medication.

How to treat a recurrent tumor?

Often the treatment plan will include the treatments described above, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but they may be used in a different combination or given at a different pace. Your doctor may suggest clinical trials that are studying new ways to treat this type of recurrent tumor. Whichever treatment plan you choose, palliative care will be important for relieving symptoms and side effects.

What tests are done to detect a tumor?

With this approach, the tumor is closely monitored with regular tests, which may include: Imaging tests, usually CT scans or sometimes MRI scans (see Diagnosis) Blood tests. Physical examinations.

How does chemotherapy destroy cancer cells?

Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to destroy cancer cells, usually by keeping the cancer cells from growing, dividing, and making more cells.

How does chemotherapy work?

Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to destroy cancer cells, usually by keeping the cancer cells from growing, dividing, and making more cells. A chemotherapy regimen, or schedule, usually consists of a specific number of cycles given over a set period of time.

What is the procedure to remove a tumor?

Surgery. Surgery is the removal of the tumor and some surrounding healthy tissue during an operation. A surgical oncologist is a doctor who specializes in cancer surgery. Completely removing the entire tumor is the standard treatment, when possible.

How is medication used to treat cancer?

Medication may be given through the bloodstream to reach cancer cells throughout the body. When a drug is given this way, it is called systemic therapy . Medication may also be given locally, which is when the medication is applied directly to the cancer or kept in a single part of the body.

How to treat neuroendocrine tumors?

Depending on the type and stage of the cancer and other factors, treatment options for people with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) can include: 1 Surgery for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor 2 Ablation or Embolization Treatments for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor 3 Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor 4 Chemotherapy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor 5 Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor 6 Other Drugs for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

What is the treatment for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor?

Depending on the type and stage of the cancer and other factors, treatment options for people with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) can include: Surgery for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor. Ablation or Embolization Treatments for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor. Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor.

What kind of doctor is on a cancer treatment team?

The doctors on your cancer treatment team might include: A surgeon: a doctor who uses surgery to treat cancers or other problems. An endocrinologist: a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment ...

Why do we do clinical trials?

Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures . Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the art cancer treatment. In some cases they may be the only way to get access to newer treatments. They are also the best way for doctors to learn better methods to treat cancer. Still, they're not right for everyone.

What is the difference between an endocrinologist and a radiation oncologist?

An endocrinologist: a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving hormones. A radiation oncologist: a doctor who specializes in treating cancer with radiation. A medical oncologist: a doctor who specializes in treating cancer with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and other medicines.

What do people with cancer need?

People with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of illness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources you need will help you make informed decisions about your care.

What are the services that the American Cancer Society provides?

These might include nursing or social work services, financial aid, nutritional advice, rehab, or spiritual help. The American Cancer Society also has programs and services – including rides to treatment, lodging, ...

What is solid papillary carcinoma?

Solid papillary carcinoma of the breast: A special entity needs to be distinguished from conventional invasive carcinoma avoiding over-treatment.

Is solid papillary carcinoma of the breast a rare entity?

Solid papillary carcinoma of the breast is a rare entity with distinctive clinicopathological features and excellent prognosis and should be distinguished from conventional breast carcinoma to avoid over-treatment.

What is the best treatment for neuroendocrine carcinoma?

The undifferentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (small cell carcinomas or high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas) are often best treated with chemotherapy. If you have an neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas and would like to be treated at Johns Hopkins, please contact us at 410-955-8964.

What is the FDA approved drug for neuroendocrine tumors?

For example, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the drugs Sutent (sunitinib) and Afinitor (Everolimus) for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumors.

What is the prognostic factor for neuroendocrine tumors?

Other significant prognostic for patients with neuroendocrine tumor include the the size of the tumor, the grade of the tumor (how fast the cells are dividing), and the presence or absence of metastases to lymph nodes or other organs (also known as stage).

What tumors do not respond to chemotherapy?

Low-grade tumors are so slow growing that they do not respond to conventional chemotherapy (which usually targets fast growing cells). Instead, they are best treated with specific targeted therapies. High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (such as small cell carcinomas) are best treated with chemotherapy.

How to treat metastases in the liver?

In some instance metastases to the liver can be treated by destroying their blood supply using techniques such as hepatic artery embolization, chemoembolization or embolization using radionucleotides Radioembolization (Yttrium-90).

How to contact Suzanne Smallwood-Massey?

If you would like to be seen by one of our oncologists, please contact our multi-disciplinary clinic coordinator, Suzanne Smallwood-Massey, at 877-LIVER99 (548-3799) or by e-mail: [email protected].

Is Afinitor approved for metastatic tumors?

Afinitor was approved for the treatment of patients with progressive pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that are not resectable surgically, that are locally advanced or metastatic. This approval by the FDA was based on a phase III clinical trial of Afinitor, in which the drug was shown to prolong progression free survival in patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. This phase III trial was reported in the New England Journal of Medicine (N Engl J Med. 2011 Feb 10;364 (6):514-23.). The research team at Johns Hopkins has played a role in understanding the likely mechanism by which Afinitor works. The team sequenced all of the known human genes in a series of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and found that one in six of these tumors harbors an activating mutation (DNA change) in the mTOR pathway. (Jiao, Shi, Edil, de Wilde, Klimstra, Maitra, Schulick, Tang, Wolfgang, Choti, Velculescu, Diaz, Jr., Vogelstein, Hruban & Papadopoulos, Science, 2011). This is the very pathway that Afinitor targets, and it is likely that Afinitor will be most effective in patients with a tumor with an mTOR pathway gene mutation.

What is the treatment for neuroendocrine tumors?

Neuroendocrine tumor cells have receptors on the surface of the cells called somatostatin. A type of targeted therapy called peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) can target these cells. Chemotherapy: is a type of treatment that uses stronger drugs to kill fasting growing cells.

How common is a carcinoid tumor?

How common is carcinoid tumor? Carcinoid tumor is rare in children and more common in adults. Experts think that carcinoid tumor affects 4 in 100,000 adults. Carcinoid tumor in children and young adults is so rare that there is little data on how many young people have it.

What tests are done to check for carcinoid tumors?

Diarrhea. Lab Tests: If you have symptoms of carcinoid tumor, your doctor will order lab tests of your urine or blood to check your hormone levels. Imaging: Your doctor will use scans such as CT and MRI to see where the tumor is and how big it is.

What are the symptoms of a carcinoid tumor in the lungs?

Patients with carcinoid tumor in other parts of the digestive tract may have symptoms such as: Pain in the abdomen. Nausea or vomiting . Diarrhea. Patients with carcinoid tumor in the lungs may have symptoms such as: Trouble breathing. Chest pain. Wheezing.

What is a carcinoid tumor?

Carcinoid tumor is a type of neuroendocrine tumor that grows from neuroendocrine cells. Neuroendocrine cells receive and send messages through hormones to help the body function. Neuroendocrine cells are found in organs throughout the body. Carcinoid tumors often grow very slowly. In children and young adults, carcinoid tumors are most often found ...

How to check if a tumor is carcinoid?

Biopsy: To check if the tumor is carcinoid tumor your doctor will do a biopsy, taking a small sample from the tumor with a needle. An expert, called a pathologist, will study cells from the sample under the microscope and run other tests to see what kind of tumor it is.

Where are carcinoid tumors found?

Carcinoid tumors often grow very slowly. In children and young adults, carcinoid tumors are most often found in the appendix, called appendiceal carcinoid tumors, or in the lungs, called bronchial tumors. In adults, carcinoid tumors are most often found in the digestive tract. This tumor may spread to other parts of the body ...

How to treat cancerous tumors?

Surgery: Depending on the type of cancer, carcinoma may be treated with the surgical removal of cancerous tissue, as well as some surrounding tissue. Minimally invasive surgical treatment methods may help to reduce healing time and reduce the risk of infection after surgery. Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used in combination ...

What is invasive ductal carcinoma?

Invasive ductal carcinoma occurs when cancerous cells grow in the duct lining, break through the wall of the duct and invade local breast tissue. From there, the cancer may spread, or metastasize, to other parts of the body.

What is the second most common type of skin cancer?

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common type of skin cancer. Cancerous cells develop from the flat, squamous cells that are the primary cell type making up the outermost layer of the skin, the epidermis. Squamous cell cancers usually grow slowly, and it is uncommon for them to spread, or metastasize, but they are more likely ...

What are the risk factors for basal and squamous cell carcinoma?

Basal and squamous cell carcinoma risk factors. Exposure to UV rays is the main risk factor for both basal and squamous cell carcinoma. People with light-colored skin that easily burns or freckles are at greater risk than those who have darker skin, because they don’t have as much melanin, a skin pigmentation that serves as protection against the sun. Men are also more likely to get basal and squamous cell carcinoma. The risk increases with:

What is cancer in situ?

Carcinoma in situ: This early-stage cancer is confined to the layer of tissue from which it started, and has not spread to surrounding tissue or other parts of the body.

What is the most common cause of skin cancer?

Basal and squamous cell carcinoma. UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds is the most common cause of these types of skin cancer.

Where do carcinomas occur?

Cancerous cells develop in the basal cell layer of the skin, or the lowest part of the epidermis. Basal cell cancers usually grow slowly, and they rarely spread, or metastasize, ...

Diagnosis

Treatment

• The treatment options for your neuroendocrine tumor will depend on the type of tumor, its location, and whether you're experiencing signs and symptoms of excess hormones produced by the tumor. In general, neuroendocrine tumor treatment options might include: 1. Surgery.Surgery is used to remove the tumor. When possible, surgeons work to remove the ...

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