Supplements are not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), so only buy and take supplements from a trusted source. You should consult a doctor about vitamin B12 supplementation especially if you have other chronic conditions, like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, kidney disease, or heart disease.
Full Answer
What is a B12 deficiency and how is it treated?
Vitamin B12 deficiency is a treatable condition that happens if you are not consuming enough vitamin B12 in your diet or if your body is not absorbing it properly. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause physical, neurological and psychological symptoms. It can be treated with vitamin B12 medications.
How does vitamin B12 deficiency affect the nervous system?
Untreated vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to severe neurological (nervous system) damage, which can put an individual at a higher risk of mortality. Pernicious anemia, a deficiency in the production of red blood cells due to a lack of vitamin B12, can cause permanent neurological damage that can lead to death if it is untreated.
What tests are used to diagnose vitamin B12 deficiency?
The tests used to diagnose vitamin B12 deficiency are a complete blood count (CBC) and a vitamin B12 blood test level. A person is diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency if the amount of vitamin B12 in their blood is less than 150 per mL.
Can alcohol cause vitamin B12 deficiency?
Alcohol use disorder: This condition can damage your digestive system and cause vitamin B12 deficiency. Transcobalamin II deficiency: This is a rare genetic disorder that impairs the transport of vitamin B12 (also known as cobalamin) within the body.
Which of these items fights diseases and infection?
White blood cells: White blood cells (also called leukocytes; pronounced: LOO-kuh-sytes) are a key part of the immune system. The immune system helps the body defend itself against infection. Different types of white blood cells (WBCs) fight germs, such as bacteria and viruses .
What disease occurs when there is an abnormal increase in white blood cells which results in fewer red blood cells carrying oxygen to body tissues?
Aplastic anemia occurs when your bone marrow doesn't make enough red and white blood cells, and platelets. Having fewer red blood cells causes hemoglobin to drop. Hemoglobin is the part of blood that carries oxygen through your body.
Why does sickle cell disease cause pain AES?
A defect in hemoglobin (a protein that helps the cells carry oxygen through the body) causes red blood cells to become rigid and take on a crescent (sickle) shape, blocking small blood vessels and causing decreased blood flow, inflammation, pain and strokes in children.
Why is hypertension known as the silent killer AES?
Why is hypertension known as the "silent killer?" The disease often shows no symptoms. Which layer of the heart contains a lubricating fluid that reduces friction as the heart beats?
What are the causes of sickle cell anemia?
What causes sickle cell disease? Sickle cell is an inherited disease caused by a defect in a gene. A person will be born with sickle cell disease only if two genes are inherited—one from the mother and one from the father. A person who inherits just one gene is healthy and said to be a "carrier" of the disease.
What disease is related to anemia?
Certain diseases — such as cancer, HIV / AIDS , rheumatoid arthritis, kidney disease, Crohn's disease and other acute or chronic inflammatory diseases — can interfere with the production of red blood cells. Aplastic anemia. This rare, life-threatening anemia occurs when your body doesn't produce enough red blood cells.
What treatments are available for sickle cell anemia?
TreatmentHydroxyurea (Droxia, Hydrea, Siklos). Daily hydroxyurea reduces the frequency of painful crises and might reduce the need for blood transfusions and hospitalizations. ... L-glutamine oral powder (Endari). ... Crizanlizumab (Adakveo). ... Voxelotor (Oxbryta). ... Pain-relieving medications.
Is Iron good for sickle cell patient?
Overt iron deficiency lowers the MCHC-S and thereby decreases the sickling tendency and the severity of hemolysis. The clinical improvement in SCA following the induction of iron deficient erythropoiesis by repeated phlebotomies or by erythrocytapheresis has been reported.
Can sickle cell anemia be cured?
Stem cell or bone marrow transplants are the only cure for sickle cell disease, but they're not done very often because of the significant risks involved. Stem cells are special cells produced by bone marrow, a spongy tissue found in the centre of some bones. They can turn into different types of blood cells.
What is atrial fibrillation cardiovascular system quizlet?
Atrial fibrillation refers to the quivering state of the atria that occurs when many ectopic atrial foci fire in a chaotic manner that prevents the normal coordinated atrial contraction. Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia.
What are normal blood pressure numbers Mcq?
Normal blood pressure is 120/80. This means a systolic reading of less than 120 and a diastolic reading of less than 80. Elevated blood pressure is a systolic reading of 120 to 129 and a diastolic reading of less than 80.
What is atrial fibrillation AES quizlet?
Atrial Fibrillation. A quivering or irregular heartbeat, also known as arrhythmia. Congestive Heart Failure. The heart is unable to pump enough blood to supply the needs of the body; may be progressive or rapid. Hypertension.