How many units of insulin does the nurse give the patient?
The nurse has been teaching the patient to administer a dose of 10 units regular insulin and 28 units Lente insulin. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a need for additional instruction? a. “I should rotate injection sites among my arms, legs, and abdomen each day.”
How often should a patient with intensive insulin therapy check their glucose?
Patients using intensive insulin therapy must check their glucose level four to six times daily and administer insulin accordingly. 15 When intensive insulin therapy is used for control of diabetes, the nurse recognizes that which of the following types of insulin is preferred for mealtime coverage? a. NPH insulin b. Lispro insulin c.
What is the role of insulin in the treatment of hyperglycemic hypotension (HHNS)?
Insulin administration plays a less important role in the treatment of HHNS because it is not needed for reversal of acidosis, as in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Sodium bicarbonate is not administered to patients with HHNS, as their plasma bicarbonate level is usually normal.
What does the nurse anticipate administering to the patient with 170 mEq/L?
The nurse is caring for a patient with a blood sodium level of 170 mEq/L and is experiencing intense thirst, agitation, and decreased alertness. What does the nurse anticipate administering? Intravenous furosemide Intravenous cation-exchange resin Intravenous phosphate-binding agent Intravenous 0.45% sodium chloride saline solution
What should the nursing assessment include when determining which medications can be prescribed?
Some of the things that are considered and evaluated include:The completeness of the medication order.The accuracy of the medication order.The appropriateness of the medication order.Client allergies.The client's health condition.The client's pertinent laboratory findings.Other client data like vital signs, for example.
Which methods can be used to evaluate the patient's adherence to a drug regimen?
Methods to measure adherence Indirect methods include patient questionnaires, patient self reports, pill counts, rates of prescription refills, assessment of patient's clinical response, electronic medication monitors, measurement of physiologic markers, as well as patient diaries.
What is the purpose of the nursing process in terms of pharmacology quizlet?
Terms in this set (29) How does the nursing process apply to pharmacology? It guides individualized medication therapy and related care for a patient.
Which are components of the original five rights of medication administration?
One of the recommendations to reduce medication errors and harm is to use the “five rights”: the right patient, the right drug, the right dose, the right route, and the right time.
How do you evaluate effectiveness of medication?
The evaluation of effectiveness of pharmacotherapy includes measurable improvement in clinical signs and symptoms and/or laboratory values. The evaluation of the safety of pharmacotherapy includes evidence of adverse drug reactions and/or toxicity.
How do you measure treatment?
Measures of treatment efficacy are those numbers we think about when we decide whether one treatment is "better" than another. Such measures quantify the differences between treatments and help patients and clinicians make informed choices.
What step of the nursing process occurs after the nurse formulate a nursing diagnosis from patient assessment data?
After collecting data, the nurse must organize and validate data and document about the patient's health status. Validation is the process of verifying data to be sure it is factual and accurate.
What does pre administration assessment mean?
Pre-Administration In addition to verifying the rights of medication administration three times, the nurse should also perform focused assessments of the patient's current status and anticipate actions of the medications and potential side effects.
What is the phase of the nursing process when the nurse applies knowledge skills and principles of nursing care to move the client toward the desired goal?
What is the implementation phase of the nursing process? the fourth step of the nursing process; the ACTION phase; when the nurse applies the knowledge, skills, and principles of nursing care to help move the patient toward the desired goal and optimal wellness.
What should you check before administering medication?
Check that the prescription is unambiguous/legible and includes the medicine name, form (and/or route of administration), strength and dose of the medicine to be administered (RPS and RCN, 2019).
What are the nursing responsibilities when administering medications?
Nurses' responsibility for medication administration includes ensuring that the right medication is properly drawn up in the correct dose, and administered at the right time through the right route to the right patient. To limit or reduce the risk of administration errors, many hospitals employ a single-dose system.
What information should be reviewed before administering a medication?
All medications require an assessment (review of lab values, pain, respiratory assessment, cardiac assessment, etc.) prior to medication administration to ensure the patient is receiving the correct medication for the correct reason. Be diligent in all medication calculations.
How many hours after insulin injection should the nurse teach the patient to be alert for symptoms of hypoglycemia?
About how many hours after each injection of insulin should the nurse teach the patient to be alert for symptoms of hypoglycemia? 3 hours. The nurse is assisting with a group class on complications of diabetes.
What is the nurse researching?
The nurse is researching the current information available regarding the long-term complications for patients diagnosed with diabetes. Which findings is accurate? Most complications involve either the large or tiny vessels of the body. The nurse is employed at a clinic for patients diagnosed with diabetes.
Why does weight loss occur in Cushing syndrome?
Weight loss occurs due to the large amount of urine voided. The nurse is providing care for a patient diagnosed with complications related to Cushing syndrome. Which situation indicates a need for a change in nursing intervention? Insulin for high blood glucose is administering by the nurse.
What should a nurse do for a client with hypoglycemia?
To control hypoglycemic episodes, the nurse should recommend: A. eating a candy bar if light-headedness occur s. B.increasing intake of vitamins B and D and taking iron supplements.
How often should a diabetic take insulin?
The nurse should instruct a client with diabetes mellitus to check his blood glucose levels every 3 to 4 hours and take insulin or an oral antidiabetic agent as usual, even when he's sick.
How many units of U-100 insulin are needed for diabetics?
A client with diabetes mellitus has a prescription for 5 units of U-100 regular insulin and 25 units of U-100 isophane insulin suspension (NPH) to be taken before breakfast. At about 4:30 p.m., the client experiences headache, sweating, tremor, pallor, and nervousness.
How long does it take for insulin to cause hypoglycemia?
Hypoglycemia may occur 4 to 18 hours after administration of isophane insulin suspension or insulin zinc suspension (Lente), which are intermediate-acting insulins. Although hypoglycemia may occur at any time, it usually precedes meals.
How long does insulin last?
The duration of regular insulin is 4 to 6 hours; 3 to 5 hours is the duration for rapid-acting insulin such as Novolog. The duration of NPH insulin is 12 to 16 hours. The duration of Lantus insulin is 24 hours. The nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of adults at a local community center about diabetes.
What is the cause of fatigue, malaise, drowsiness, polyuria, and polydips
Hyperglycemia, in which serum glucose level is above 180 mg/dl, causes such early manifestations as fatigue, malaise, drowsiness, polyuria, and polydipsia. A nurse is assigned to care for a postoperative client with diabetes mellitus.
What to do if client is unable to follow meal plan?
If the client is unable to follow the regular meal plan because of nausea, he should substitute soft foods, such as gelatin, soup, and custard. insulin is a hormone secreted by the Islets of Langerhans and is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and protein.
How many units of insulin are in a diabetic patient?
A hospitalized patient with diabetes receives 12 units of regular insulin mixed with 34 units of NPH insulin at 0700 hours. The patient is away from the nursing unit for diagnostic testing at noon, when lunch trays are distributed. What is the most appropriate nursing action?#N#a.#N#Save the lunch tray to be provided on the patient’s return to the unit.#N#b.#N#Call the diagnostic testing area, and ask the physician to start an intravenous (IV) line of 5% dextrose solution.#N#c.#N#Ensure that the patient drinks a glass of milk or orange juice at noon in the diagnostic testing area.#N#d.#N#Request that the patient be returned to the unit to eat lunch if testing will not be completed promptly.
What to tell a nurse about her mother's diabetes?
During a diabetes screening program, a young woman tells the nurse that her mother died of complications of diabetes and asks whether she will inherit the disease. After determining that the woman’s mother most likely had type 2 diabetes, what should the nurse explain?#N#a.#N#Her 60% chance of developing type 2 diabetes can be prevented by maintaining a normal weight and a low-carbohydrate diet.#N#b.#N#The patient has a higher familial risk for developing type 2 diabetes than for type 1 diabetes, and she should have her glucose level tested periodically.#N#c.#N#She would have a higher risk for developing diabetes if her father, rather than her mother, had diabetes, but she should still be tested periodically.#N#d.#N#Although there is a familial tendency for children or siblings of individuals with type 2 diabetes to develop diabetes, the inherited risk is not as high as it is for type 1 diabetes.
What is the best treatment for insulin resistance?
A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with insulin resistance syndrome. When the patient asks why these measures are necessary when she really does not have diabetes, what should the nurse explain?#N#a.#N#The high insulin levels associated with this syndrome damage the lining of blood vessels and cause osmotic diuresis.#N#b.#N#Although her fasting plasma glucose levels do not indicate diabetes, she has impaired glucose tolerance, which is characteristic of the syndrome.#N#c.#N#The liver is inappropriately producing glucose, which will eventually exhaust the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin, and exercise will normalize glucose production.#N#d.#N#She has a variety of abnormalities associated with diabetes, which indicate a very high risk for cardiovascular disease, and the onset of diabetes can be delayed or prevented by weight loss and exercise.
What type of diabetes has diet instruction?
A patient with type 1 diabetes has received diet instruction as part of his treatment plan. The nurse determines a need for additional instruction when the patient makes which one of the following comments?#N#a.#N#“I may have an occasional alcoholic drink if I include it in my meal plan.”#N#b.#N#“I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin.”#N#c.#N#“I may eat whatever I want as long as I cover the calories with sufficient insulin.”#N#d.#N#“I should eat meals as scheduled, even if I am not hungry, to prevent hypoglycemia.”
What should type 1 diabetics restrict?
Patients who are using intensified insulin therapy have considerable flexibility in diet choices but still should restrict dietary intake of items such as fat, protein, and alcohol.
Why do people use split insulin?
A patient using a split mixed-dose insulin regimen tells the nurse that he is interested in using intensive insulin therapy because he has read that it promotes fewer and less severe complications of diabetes. In response to the patient’s comment, what should the nurse explain?#N#a.#N#Intensive insulin therapy requires three or more injections a day in addition to an injection of a basal long-acting insulin.#N#b.#N#Intensive insulin therapy is indicated only for patients who have recently received a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and who have never experienced ketoacidosis.#N#c.#N#Studies have shown that intensive insulin therapy is most effective in preventing the macrovascular complications characteristic of type 2 diabetes.#N#d.#N#The use of an insulin pump does not require as much attention as intensive insulin therapy and offers the same protection against long-term complications.
What does "type 2" mean in relation to diabetes?
A patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes asks the nurse what “type 2” means in relation to diabetes. Which of the following statements best explains to the patient how type 2 diabetes primarily differs from type 1 diabetes? a. “With type 2 diabetes, the patient is totally dependent on an outside source of insulin.”.
What happens when a patient is hypovolemic?
A patient sustains multiple injuries in a motor vehicle accident and is hypovolemic due to hemorrhage. Blood transfusions are given to replace the lost blood. The nurse finds that the patient has now developed laryngeal stridor, dysphagia, and numbness and tingling around the mouth.
Does NGT cause sodium depletion?
It will not cause sodium retention, but sodium depletion. The free water will pull electrolytes into the stomach and the NGT will suck the fluids and electrolytes out of the stomach. Depending on the patient's condition and amount of water being ingested, it may increase nausea and vomiting.