What is time to disease progression?
pruh-GREH-shun) The length of time from the date of diagnosis or the start of treatment for a disease until the disease starts to get worse or spread to other parts of the body. In a clinical trial, measuring the time to progression is one way to see how well a new treatment works. Also called TTP.
What is time on treatment?
For the primary study endpoint, TTF is defined as the time from trial registration to treatment discontinuation or last follow-up. The event was discontinuation of chemotherapy for any reason other than completion of six cycles.Mar 30, 2018
How long does it take to diagnose lymphoma?
Time to treatment is an independent prognostic factor in NHL Their analysis showed that the median diagnosis-to-chemotherapy treatment interval (DTI) was 22 days throughout the query period, in their cohort with 80% DLBCL, 3.5% BL, 9% MCL, and 7.5% PTCL cases.Jun 26, 2018
What is treatment time discontinuation?
Pragmatic end points, such as time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD), defined as the date of starting a medication to the date of treatment discontinuation or death has been proposed as a potential efficacy end point for real-world evidence (RWE) trials, where imaging evaluation is less structured and standardized.
What does disease progression mean?
Disease progression describes the natural history of disease, such as pain, or biomarker of drug response, such as blood pressure. The action of a drug, such as inhibiting an enzyme or activating a receptor, leads to a change in disease status over time.
How long is treatment for lymphoma?
Treatment is normally given in short daily sessions, Monday to Friday, usually for no more than 3 weeks.
Does all lymphoma need treatment?
What is active monitoring? Sometimes, lymphoma doesn't need treatment straightaway. Instead, you have regular check-ups with your medical team to monitor your health and to see how the lymphoma is affecting you. You don't start treatment unless the lymphoma begins to cause significant health problems.
How long does it take to get the results of a biopsy for lymphoma?
After the biopsy The biopsy sample is sent to a laboratory for examination under a microscope by a specialist doctor called a pathologist. If cancer cells are found, the pathologist can tell which type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma they are. The results will usually be ready in 7–10 days.
What is gout?
Gout is an ancient disease associated with deposits of uric acid, especially in the joints and kidneys. The Egyptians identified local foot pain, i...
What causes gout?
Gout is clearly associated with a buildup of uric acid. Uric acid is a produced as part of the body’s metabolism of purines, which are produced as...
Who gets gout?
Gout can develop in a person either because they are producing too much uric acid or because they are unable to put enough of it into the urine (or...
Which joints are involved in gouty arthritis, and why is it most common in the foot?
As with all other known types of arthritis, Gout has particular joints it tends to attack, and the foot is its most common location. Gout especiall...
What does a gout attack look and feel like? What would a foot or toe with gout look like?
When gout occurs, the joint tends to be extremely painful and is warm, red and swollen (Figure 6: Toe with Acute Attack of Gout). The inflammation...
How is gout diagnosed?
In a clear-cut case, a primary care physician can make the diagnosis of gout with a high level of confidence. However, often there are two or more...
How can an attack of gout be treated?
The management of an acute attack of gout is very different from the prevention of subsequent attacks. Treatments used for prevention, such as allo...
How can a gout attack be prevented?
Diet plays a key role diet in gout prevention: Since foods can directly set off gout attacks, patients with gout should receive counseling as to wh...
When is surgery considered for gout?
The question of surgery for gout most commonly comes up when a patient has a large clump of urate crystals (a tophus), which is causing problems. T...
What is gout?
Gout is an ancient disease associated with deposits of uric acid, especially in the joints and kidneys. The Egyptians identified local foot pain, i...
Why is uric acid high in the blood?
When uric acid is overproduced, it is high not only in the blood but in the urine, raising the risk of both gout and kidney stone. Some people overproduce uric acid due to a genetic defect in an enzyme in the purine breakdown pathway (See Figure 4) which leads to overactivity of this pathway.
What is a lumps in gout?
This is a stage of chronic gouty arthritis, in which there are “lumps” of uric acid, or tophi (See Figure 2: Illustration of Toe Joint With Gouty Tophus ), frequent attacks of acute gout, and often a degree of pain even between attacks (See Figure 3: Progression of Gout ).
Why did the French royals have gout?
In fact, it is believed that the French royal families who suffered from gout developed this condition more because of lead poisoning from the casks used for their wine than from the wine itself, since lead injures the kidneys and impairs their ability to remove uric acid from the system.
What age do you get gout?
Men get gout more than women, and at younger ages; the male to female ratio is 9:1. The most common age of onset is from age 40 to 60 years.
What is Medline Plus?
MedLine Plus – the NIH site for medical information for the public has valuable links on gout, including clinical trials, a Spanish version, interactive tutorial, nutritional information, and listing of organizations which can help patients with gout . This site is a valuable resource on the spectrum of arthritic disorders.
What is the best medication for gout?
These medications include such agents as naproxen (Naprosyn®), ibuprofen (Motrin®), celecoxib (Celebrex®), indomethacin (Indocin®) and many others. These agents reliably decrease the inflammation and pain of gout. However, patients with ulcers, hypertension, coronary disease, and fluid retention must be careful with these agents, even for the short courses (usually 3-7 days) needed to resolve a gout attack. The doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents needed to resolve a gout attack are on the higher side, since full anti-inflammatory effect is needed. See examples of dosage in Table 2. Over-the-counter dosage levels, for example, ibuprofen at 200mg, two tabs three times a day, are often insufficient.
Is gout a systemic disease?
The inflammation that is part of a gout attack is systemic, so that fever and chills, fatigue and malaise are not uncommonly part of the picture of a gout attack. Figure 6: Toe with Acute Attack of Gout. Gout attacks can occur in joints that look normal, or in joints that have easily visible deposits of uric acid.
What is the difference between osteopenia and osteopenia?
Osteopenia refers to having low bone density when compared to others of the same age. Bone density refers to the mass and strength of the bone. While osteopenia does not often cause symptoms, it may increase the risk of other, more harmful bone conditions, such as osteoporosis. However, a person can take steps to protect their bones and reduce ...
Why do bones retain mass?
As a person ages, the body reabsorbs the bone cells faster than it can replace them, which leads to a decrease in bone density.
What is a T score?
Doctors use a T-score to report the test results. The T-score result compares the individual’s bone mass with the expected bone mass for their age. For example, a normal T-score is above -1.0. A doctor would diagnose osteopenia if a person has a T-score between -0.1 and -2.5.
How to prevent bone loss?
Avoiding nicotine: Smoking and other forms of nicotine, such as chewing tobacco, nicotine gum, and patches, can affect how the body absorbs and maintains calcium, which can speed up bone loss. Reducing phosphate-containing soda: Certain types of soda, such as cola, contain phosphate acid.
How old do you have to be to get a bone density test?
Typically, doctors recommend that all women over 65 years of age should have a bone density test. Also, women who are under 65 years of age but have reached menopause and have an additional risk factor for developing osteopenia, such as regular tobacco intake, should also consider having the test.
What are the causes of osteopenia?
Certain medical conditions: Having certain medical conditions, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease also increases a person’s risk of osteopenia. The bones contain minerals including phosphate and calcium that make them strong and dense. The weaker the bones become, the more easily they break.
How to reduce osteopenia?
Share on Pinterest. Avoiding or quitting smoking can reduce the risk of osteopenia. Many of the strategies adopted for preventing osteopenia can be applied to treating the condition. For example, regularly participating in weight-bearing exercise can decrease the risk of developing osteopenia.
