How often should I have a CT scan?
This means getting physical exams and blood tests every 3 to 6 months for the first year, and less often after that. Imaging tests (CT scans and sometimes chest x-rays) are done every 3 months for 6 months, and then once or twice a year. If these tests do not find any signs that cancer has spread beyond the testicle, no other treatment is needed.
How often can you take alendronate?
Chemotherapy is often given for a specific time, such as 6 months or a year. Or you might receive chemotherapy for as long as it works. Side effects from many drugs are too severe to give treatment every day. Doctors usually give these drugs with breaks, so you have time to rest and recover before the next treatment. This lets your healthy ...
How often are chemotherapy drugs given to cancer patients?
Mar 01, 2019 · Guidelines conflict: The American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends that women get annual mammograms from age 45 to 54, then continue every other year. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force...
How often should you exfoliate your face?
Jun 25, 2021 · Balancing benefits and concerns. Mayo Clinic supports screening beginning at age 40 because screening mammograms can detect breast cancer early. Findings from randomized trials of women in their 40s and 50s have demonstrated that screening mammograms reduce the risk of dying of breast cancer. But mammogram screening isn't perfect.
What is annual mass drug administration?
WHO guideline for lymphatic filariasis?
What is mass treatment?
What is the prevention of filariasis?
Which government agency is responsible for giving of anti filariasis tablet?
What is DEC provocation test?
What is the purpose of a mass drug administration?
What is DEC tablet?
Which public health strategies are recommended by WHO for the prevention and control of NTDs?
What is the best treatment for filariasis?
Is there a vaccine for filariasis?
Is filariasis and elephantiasis same?
Carcinoma in Situ (Stage 0) Testicular Tumors
In this stage, the cancer has not spread outside the testicle, and your tumor marker levels (like HCG and AFP) are not elevated. If CIS is diagnose...
Stage III Seminomas and Non-Seminomas
Even though stage III tumors have spread by the time they are found, most of them can still be cured.Both stage III seminomas and non-seminomas are...
Recurrent Testicular Cancer
If the cancer goes away with treatment and then comes back, it's said to have recurred or relapsed. If this happens, it’s usually within the first...
Sertoli Cell and Leydig Cell Tumors
Typically, radical inguinal orchiectomy is the treatment for Sertoli cell and Leydig cell tumors. Radiation therapy and chemo generally don't work...
More Treatment Information For Testicular Cancer
For more details on treatment options – including some that may not be addressed here – the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the Na...
What is the treatment for stage 2 seminoma?
Stage IIA seminomas. Radiation: After surgery to remove the testicle (radical inguinal orchiectomy), one treatment option is radiation to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. These are the lymph nodes at the back of the abdomen (belly). Usually stage II seminomas are given higher doses of radiation than stage I seminomas.
How many cycles of chemo for cancer?
This may be either 3 cycles of BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin) or 4 cycles of E P (etoposide and cisplatin).
What is stage 0 testicular cancer?
Carcinoma in situ (stage 0) testicular tumors. In this stage, the cancer has not spread outside the testicle, and tumor marker levels (like HCG and AFP) are not elevated. If CIS is diagnosed after surgery removes the testicle, no other treatment is needed. If CIS is found after a testicular biopsy (such as for fertility problems), ...
Can chemo cure cancer?
The cancer will come back in about 15% to 20% of patients, most often as spread to lymph nodes, but if it does, radiation or chemo can still usually cure the cancer. Radiation therapy: Radiation aimed at para-aortic lymph nodes is another option.
How many cycles of etoposide and cisplatin?
Treatment is typically chemotherapy with 4 cycles of EP (etoposide and cisplatin) or 3 or 4 cycles of BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin). Another option might be VIP (etoposide, ifosfamide, and cisplatin) for 4 cycles. Radiation therapy is generally not used for stage IIC seminoma.
What is stage IB?
Choices for stage IB (T2, T3, or T4) Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND): This is surgery to remove the lymph nodes at the back of the abdomen (belly). If cancer is found in the lymph nodes, chemo is often recommended depending on the number of nodes with cancer in them. (See below.)
What is a lymph node dissection?
Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND): This is surgery to remove the lymph nodes at the back of the abdomen (belly). If cancer is found in the lymph nodes, chemo is often recommended depending on the number of nodes with cancer in them. (See below.)
What is the treatment for cancer called?
These include: Before surgery or radiation therapy to shrink tumors. This is called neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After surgery or radiation therapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells. This is called adjuvant chemotherapy. As the only treatment.
What is the treatment for cancer before surgery?
These include: Before surgery or radiation therapy to shrink tumors. This is called neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After surgery or radiation therapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells. This is called adjuvant chemotherapy. As the only treatment.
How do doctors treat cancer?
Doctors use chemotherapy in different ways at different times. These include: 1 Before surgery or radiation therapy to shrink tumors. This is called neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 2 After surgery or radiation therapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells. This is called adjuvant chemotherapy. 3 As the only treatment. For example, to treat cancers of the blood or lymphatic system, such as leukemia and lymphoma. 4 For cancer that comes back after treatment, called recurrent cancer. 5 For cancer that has spread to other parts of the body, called metastatic cancer.
What are the factors that determine the treatment of cancer?
The drugs, dose, and treatment schedule depend on many factors. These include: 1 The type of cancer 2 The tumor size, its location, and if or where it has spread. This is called the stage of cancer. 3 Your age and general health 4 Your body weight 5 How well you can cope with certain side effects 6 Any other medical conditions you have 7 Previous cancer treatments
Does chemotherapy cause cancer?
Because cancer cells usually grow and divide faster than normal cells, chemotherapy has more of an effect on cancer cells. However, the drugs used for chemotherapy are powerful, and they can still cause damage to healthy cells. This damage causes the side effects that are linked with chemotherapy.
What is adjuvant chemotherapy?
After surgery or radiation therapy to destroy any remaining cancer cells. This is called adjuvant chemotherapy. As the only treatment. For example, to treat cancers of the blood or lymphatic system, such as leukemia and lymphoma. For cancer that comes back after treatment, called recurrent cancer.
What is the term for cancer that comes back after treatment?
For example, to treat cancers of the blood or lymphatic system, such as leukemia and lymphoma. For cancer that comes back after treatment, called recurrent cancer . For cancer that has spread to other parts of the body, called metastatic cancer.
Physical exams
Annual visits to your primary care or family medicine doc are opportunities to make sure you are up to date with screenings (and insurance covers preventive services). Dr. Norwood says there are four reasons why she thinks women should stick to the annual physical schedule:
Gynecological exams
Like the annual physical, a yearly gynecologist’s checkup may not prolong your life, but there are good reasons to do it anyway.
Dental exams
Experts recommend that you get a dental cleaning and exam once or twice a year. The actual frequency, says the American Dental Association, should be determined by a dentist. If you’re at low risk for periodontal disease, you may be able to get away with just one visit a year.
Eye exams
If you have vision problems, you’ll probably need an eye exam every year or every other year; talk to an eye professional about how often you should get checked. Otherwise, if you have no symptoms and no risk factors for eye disease and you’re under 40, the American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends you get eye exams every five to 10 years.
Specialty appointments
If you’re a generally healthy person, these minimal doctor visits are probably all you need to stay healthy. But half of U.S. adults have one or more chronic conditions, which means many Americans need to see certain specialists more often. For example, if you have diabetes, you should be seeing a diabetes specialist (probably an endocrinologist).
Can you have surgery for a tumor?
Tumors that are larger or in places that make them harder to remove (resect) completely might require more extensive surgery, which could cause health problems both in the short term and later on. Because of this, surgery is not typically the first treatment.
How long does it take for a tumor to come back after surgery?
If the doctor thinks that the cancer has an intermediate or high risk of coming back based on these factors, adjuvant treatment with the targeted drug imatinib (Gleevec) is typically recommended for at least a year after surgery. For tumors that are highly likely to come back, many doctors now recommend at least 3 years of imatinib.
How to treat gastrointestinal stromal tumor?
Treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) depends mainly on factors such as: 1 If the tumor can be resected (removed) with surgery, which is based on the size of the tumor, where it is, and how far it has spread 2 How quickly the tumor is growing (its mitotic rate) 3 If the tumor cells have certain gene mutations 4 The risk of the tumor coming back after treatment
Can a GIST come back after surgery?
Tumors that are small and are not growing quickly typically have a low risk of coming back, so often no further treatment is needed. The risk of a GIST coming back after surgery is higher if: The tumor is larger. It did not start in the stomach. The cancer cells are dividing quickly (have a high mitotic rate)
Can imatinib be used for tumors?
This is because imatinib isn ’t likely to be helpful for tumors that don’t have one of these gene changes. If imatinib is given, it is continued at least until the tumor stops shrinking. If the tumor shrinks enough, surgery might be done if the doctor thinks he or she can remove it safely.
What is it called when cancer comes back?
When a cancer comes back after treatment, it is called a recurrence . If the cancer comes back (recurs) in or near the place it started, it is called a local recurrence. If it recurs at other sites (like the lungs or liver), it is called a distant recurrence.
Is Mayo Clinic changing the guidelines for mammograms?
Mayo Clinic doctors continue to review studies about mammogram guidelines to understand what the studies mean for women's health. Changes to mammogram guidelines might or might not be necessary in the future, as researchers continue studying this topic.
Is a mammogram good for cancer?
So annual mammograms remain the best option for detecting cancer early, providing a greater chance for a cure and reducing the risk of death from breast cancer. The main concern about mammograms for breast cancer screening is the chance of a false-positive result.
Can a biopsy confirm cancer?
Often, having a biopsy that confirms there isn't any cancer present is reass uring and doesn't increase anxiety.
How to check for breast cancer?
Talk with your doctor about: 1 Your personal risk of breast cancer 2 The benefits, risks and limitations of screening mammograms 3 The role of breast self-exams for breast awareness in helping you become more familiar with your breasts, which may help you identify abnormalities or changes
What is facial massage?
facial massage to promote circulation. mask to address specific skin concerns. application of serum, toner, moisturizer, and sunscreen. Depending on the salon and service, your appointment may also include: hand and arm massage. paraffin wax. seaweed wrap.
What is a professional facial?
A professional facial typically includes one or more of the following: cleansing. steaming to help open pores. exfoliation to remove dead skin cells. manual extraction of clogged pores. facial massage to promote circulation. mask to address specific skin concerns. application of serum, toner, moisturizer, and sunscreen.
What is the best face mask for acne?
Clay face masks: for removing excess oil and treating acne, dark spots, and sun damage. Gelatin face masks: for improving collagen production. Tea face masks: for minimizing the appearance of fine lines, neutralizing the effect of free radicals, and preventing acne.
What is an aesthetician?
Aestheticians are licensed through their region’s board of cosmetology or department of health for their expertise in cosmetic skin care. They aren’t medical doctors, so they’re unable to diagnose, prescribe, or treat clinical skin conditions. A professional facial typically includes one or more of the following:
What are the ingredients in a face mask?
Common ingredients in home face masks include: moisturizers. exfoliants. vitamins. minerals. proteins. herbal ingredients. The individual ingredients in a given mask can help you determine ...
Do you have to water your lawn?
It’s worth noting, though, that you don’t necessarily have to water your lawn. Lawns are resilient. Established and properly cared-for lawns can survive weeks without water by going dormant (when the lawn turns brown), then recover once the rain returns.
What is the best way to deliver water?
In-ground sprinklers: These can deliver water in the most efficient pattern. Choose sprinklers that are low to the ground and use a horizontal spray pattern for best results. Smart watering systems: There are many different types of smart watering systems, and most systems integrate with in-ground sprinkler systems.
What is a pulsating sprinkler?
Pulsating sprinklers (water guzzlers): These shoot water horizontally at a high velocity so the water isn’t affected by wind. Hose-end sprinklers: Great for small- to medium-size lawns. There are many different types, so you can choose the one that fits your lawn best.
Why is it important to water your lawn?
Water is an essential part of a happy, healthy lawn. It’s important, though, to make sure you water it properly . If you run a sprinkler at night, for example, it sets up the perfect conditions for disease to take hold. If you water too lightly, the grass roots will not grow deeply enough, setting your lawn up for trouble when hot weather hits.
How often should I exfoliate my face?
Most experts advise that you exfoliate two to three times per week — as long as your skin can handle it. Chemical exfoliants tend to be fine to use more regularly. Pixi’s Glow Tonic contains glycolic acid to clean pores and aloe vera to calm skin. Physical methods, on the other hand, may be too abrasive to use multiple times a week.
What are the two types of exfoliants?
As you’ve probably gathered by now, there are two main types of exfoliants: physical and chemical. The first type, states Zeichner, “uses gritty particles to physically remove cells from the surface of the skin.”. Chemical exfoliants, meanwhile, “use hydroxy acids to help dissolve connections between skin cells so they can more easily be shed.”. ...
Does exfoliating remove dead skin?
Duque says, “cleansing first is a must.”. After all, exfoliation only removes dead skin. To do a good job, you need a clean base to work from. Plus, cleansing will remove makeup and other grime from the day.
What is the best exfoliator for wrinkles?
“This alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) is a great all-around exfoliator and helps provide anti-aging benefits by strengthening the skin foundation,” he says. Alpha-H Liquid Gold, which you can buy online, is a popular choice that works to reduce wrinkles and pigmentation.
What are the signs of overexfoliation?
Signs of overexfoliation are pretty obvious. For example, irritation is a warning sign that something’s not right. “No exfoliation should cause any visible flaking or redness of the skin,” says dermatologist Dr. Viseslav Tonkovic-Capin.
What happens if you exfoliate too much?
Not exfoliating enough, however, will allow dead skin to build up, potentially leading to dullness, congestion, and a rough texture.
Who is Lauren Sharkey?
If you’re still not sure what your skin needs, consult a dermatologist. Lauren Sharkey is a journalist and author specializing in women’s issues. When she isn’t trying to discover a way to banish migraine, she can be found uncovering the answers to your lurking health questions.
Is it necessary to take a shower every day?
In many parts of the world, taking a shower every day tends to be the norm. However, from a strictly medical perspective, it is not necessary for most people to shower this frequently. Personal hygiene does provide health benefits, and most people do need to shower regularly. In addition to its use for routine washing and grooming, ...
Is it necessary to bathe a baby?
The American Academy of Pediatrics say that the common practice of bathing babies daily is not really necessary. They suggest that the time to start regular full body washes is when infants are crawling around and beginning to eat food.
How to get rid of dry skin after shower?
The following techniques may help people reduce the likelihood of dry skin: 1 Shortening shower time to no more than 5–10 minutes. 2 Closing the door to the bathroom to capture the steam and increase the humidity. 3 Replacing hot water and soap with warm water and gentle cleansers. 4 Using the smallest amount of cleanser possible to clean the skin. 5 Drying the skin gently after bathing. 6 Applying plenty of an oil-based moisturizing cream or ointment within 3 minutes of showering to trap moisture in the skin.
Why do people shower?
However, the main reason why people shower as much as they do is that it helps them meet social standards of cleanliness and personal appearance. Meeting these standards helps people feel at home in their working and social environments and their bodies.
How to shorten shower time?
Shortening shower time to no more than 5–10 minutes. Closing the door to the bathroom to capture the steam and increase the humidity. Replacing hot water and soap with warm water and gentle cleansers. Using the smallest amount of cleanser possible to clean the skin. Drying the skin gently after bathing.
Does water help with pain?
In addition to its use for routine washing and grooming, water offers benefits relating to pain relief and treatment in the form of hydrotherapy. Baths, steam showers, saunas, and other bathing methods can: improve immune function. ease muscle aches and pains.
How does showering help your body?
lessen fatigue. make it easier to breathe. To a lesser extent, spending time in the shower can have these same effects. Showering cleans the skin and removes dead skin cells to help clear the pores and allow the skin cells to function.
Localized, Smaller (Resectable) Tumors
- Most small GISTs need to be treated. But some very small tumors (less than 2 centimeters across) that are not causing any symptoms might never grow enough to cause any problems. One option for such a tumor might be to just watch it carefully, checking it with endoscopyat regular intervals, such as once or twice a year. As long as it is not growing,...
Localized, Larger (Marginally Resectable) Tumors
- Tumors that are larger or in places that make them harder to remove (resect) completely might require more extensive surgery, which could cause health problems both in the short term and later on. Because of this, surgery is not typically the first treatment. Treatment with the targeted drug imatinib (Gleevec) is usually done first to try to shrink the tumor. But before starting treatm…
Tumors That Are Not Removable Or Have Spread to Distant Sites
- Treatment options for unresectable GISTs depend on why they are unresectable and, if they have spread, how extensive the spread is. Surgery is not typically the first treatment for these tumors, so before starting treatment, it’s important to confirm that the tumor is in fact a GIST with a biopsy. The targeted drug imatinib (Gleevec) is typically the preferred first treatment for most ad…
Recurrent Tumors
- When a cancer comes back after treatment, it is called a recurrence. If the cancer comes back (recurs) in or near the place it started, it is called a local recurrence. If it recurs at other sites (like the lungs or liver), it is called a distant recurrence. Treatment options for recurrent GISTs depend on the location and extent of the recurrence. For most recurrences, treatment with the targeted …