WHO’s 2013 "Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection" recommends a preferred treatment regimen of tenofovir (TDF) in combination with lamivudine (3TC) and efavirenz (EFV), or TDF with emtricitabine (FTC) and EFV, preferentially as a fixed-dose combination.
Full Answer
Who is at risk for getting HIV?
“They were all getting the highest-quality care.” Additionally, the study showed that the higher heart failure risk was not because people with HIV had more risk factors for heart disease or just experienced more heart attacks, but that there was a ...
What you should know about HIV treatment?
- HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
- There is currently no effective cure. Once people get HIV, they have it for life.
- But with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled. ...
Who recommends dolutegravir for HIV?
- For more information on the use of dolutegravir in people with HIV, please refer to the Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents Living with HIV.
- The dolutegravir drug label. ...
- Dolutegravir-related research studies, from ClinicalTrials.gov.
- A list of FDA-approved HIV medicines, from HIVinfo.
Who is at greatest risk for HIV transmission?
The HIV infection rate among African Americans was almost eight times as high as that of whites in 2009, and among African American women it was 15 times higher than among white women. 7 Latinos are also disproportionately affected by HIV, representing approximately 16 percent of the total U.S. population, but accounting for 20 percent of all new HIV infections.
What is the treatment protocol for AIDS?
The treatment for HIV is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART involves taking a combination of HIV medicines (called an HIV treatment regimen) every day. ART is recommended for everyone who has HIV. ART cannot cure HIV, but HIV medicines help people with HIV live longer, healthier lives.
What is the most common treatment for AIDS?
How are HIV and AIDS treated? The most effective treatment for HIV is antiretroviral therapy (ART). This is a combination of several medicines that aims to control the amount of virus in your body. Antiretroviral medicines slow the rate at which the virus grows.
What are the 3 things a person must have in order to be diagnosed with AIDS?
To be diagnosed with AIDS, a person with HIV must have an AIDS-defining condition or have a CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm³ (regardless of whether the person has an AIDS-defining condition).
What are the 4 stages of AIDS?
Stages of HIV InfectionStages of Infection – (assuming no treatment) ... Stage 1: Infection. ... Stage 2: Asymptomatic. ... Stage 3: Symptomatic. ... Stage 4: AIDS/Progression of HIV to AIDS.
What is the WHO consolidated guidelines on HIV?
These consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention, testing, treatment, service delivery and monitoring bring together existing and new clinical and programmatic recommendations across different ages, populations and settings, bringing together all relevant WHO guidance on HIV produced since 2016. It serves as an update to the previous edition of the consolidated guidelines on HIV.
What is the chapter on general HIV care?
The chapter on general HIV care, contains a new section on palliative care and pain management, and up to date information on treatment of several neglected tropical diseases , such as visceral leishmaniasis and Buruli ulcer.
What is the WHO guidelines for HIV?
The operational guidance provides recommendations for strengthening key aspects of a continuum of HIV care and improving linkages across the health system. Guidance specifically developed for HIV programme managers address decision-making and planning for the strategic use of ARV drugs in the context of national governance process, HIV epidemiology, health system capacity, available resources and ethical and human rights considerations.
What is the purpose of the WHO tool?
WHO, with support from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), developed the present tool on specifications and quantities for efficient procurement of essential equipment and laboratory commodities for HIV. The ultimate purpose of the tool is to facilitate the efficient procurement of laboratory equipment and laboratory commodities required to: 1 perform HIV diagnostic tests in adults, adolescent and children; 2 monitor treatment outcomes in patients on antiretroviral therapy.
What are the revised recommendations for HIV testing?
Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women in Health Care Settings#N#These revised recommendations provide guidance for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health care settings.
What are the guidelines and related implementation resources?
The listed guidelines and related implementation resources provide guidance about prevention strategies and services that can prevent or diagnose new HIV infections and link individuals at risk to relevant prevention, medical, and social services.
How does treatment help prevent HIV?
Having an undetectable viral load may also help prevent transmission from injection drug use.
Why is it important to take HIV medication?
Taking HIV medication consistently, as prescribed, helps prevent drug resistance. Drug resistance develops when people with HIV are inconsistent with taking their HIV medication as prescribed. The virus can change (mutate) and will no longer respond to certain HIV medication. If you develop drug resistance, it will limit your options ...
What does it mean when your HIV is suppressed?
Viral suppression is defined as having less than 200 copies of HIV per milliliter of blood. HIV medicine can make the viral load so low that a test can’t detect it (called an undetectable viral load ). If your viral load goes down after starting HIV treatment, that means treatment is working.
What is the amount of HIV in the blood called?
The amount of HIV in the blood is called viral load . Taking your HIV medicine as prescribed will help keep your viral load low and your CD4 cell count high. HIV medicine can make the viral load very low (called viral suppression ). Viral suppression is defined as having less than 200 copies of HIV per milliliter of blood.
What does it mean when your viral load goes down after HIV treatment?
If your viral load goes down after starting HIV treatment, that means treatment is working. Continue to take your medicine as prescribed.
How long does it take for a mother to give her baby HIV?
If a mother with HIV takes HIV medicine as prescribed throughout pregnancy, labor, and delivery and gives HIV medicine to her baby for 4 to 6 weeks after birth, the risk of transmitting HIV to her baby can be 1% or less.
How long does it take to get rid of HIV?
There is no effective cure for HIV. But with proper medical care, you can control HIV. Most people can get the virus under control within six months. Taking HIV medicine does not prevent transmission ...
Update on Transition to New HIV Treatment Regimens
- WHO’s 2013 "Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection" recommends a preferred treatment regimen of tenofovir (TDF) in combination with lamivudine (3TC) and efavirenz (EFV), or TDF with emtricitabine (FTC) and EFV, preferentially as a fixed-dose combination. To ensure that supply is availabl...
Improving Procurement of HIV Diagnostics: The Procurement Specification Tool
- WHO, with support from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), developed the present tool on specifications and quantities for efficient procurement of essential equipment and laboratory commodities for HIV. The ultimate purpose of the tool is to facilitate the efficient procurement of laboratory equipment and laboratory commodities required to: 1. perform HIV di…
ARV Price Evolution 2010 – 2013
- The December 2013 summary report on evolution of prices of critical ARV drugs from 2010 – 2013 from the Global Price Reporting Mechanism (GPRM) was released. The GPRM contains information on transaction prices, sources and quantities of antiretroviral medicines (ARVs) purchased by HIV/AIDS programmes in low-income countries, lower middle-income countries an…
New and Important Evidence
- New and important evidence has emerged since the WHO Regional Office for Europe released its HIV/AIDS clinical guidelines in 2007. This evidence has an impact on several issues: 1. initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART); 2. efficacy and toxicity profile of selected antiretrovirals; 3. clinical management of co-infections, in particular hepatitis B and tuberculosis; and 4. prevention of HI…