Is tuberculosis a global health emergency?
It is the first infectious disease declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global health emergency (4). In 2007, it was estimated globally that there were 9.27 million incident cases of TB, 13.7 million prevalent cases, 1.32 million deaths from TB in HIV-negative and 0.45 million deaths in HIV-positive persons (5).
What is the history of tuberculosis?
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease that has affected mankind for more than 4,000 years (1). It is a chronic disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis and spreads from person to person through air.
What is the prognosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB)?
Drug resistance, in combination with other factors, results in increased morbidity and mortality due to tuberculosis. Drug-resistant strains of TB is rapidly emerging worldwide (16).
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Is TB a global health issue?
What is the global impact of tuberculosis? In 2018, 1.7 billion people were infected by TB bacteria — roughly 23% of the world's population. TB is the leading infectious disease killer in the world, claiming 1.5 million lives each year.
What is the prevention and treatment for tuberculosis?
You might get isoniazid, rifapentine, or rifampin, either alone or combined. You'll have to take the drugs for up to 9 months. If you see any signs of active TB, call your doctor right away. A combination of medicines also treats active TB.
Why is TB a global threat?
TB is an airborne disease that can be spread by coughing or sneezing and is the leading cause of infectious disease worldwide. It is responsible for economic devastation and the cycle of poverty and illness that entraps families, communities and even entire countries.
What is the global effort Program to Stop TB?
The End TB Strategy. Ending TB is not just a public health problem, but a development challenge and opportunity. WHO's post-2015 End TB Strategy, adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2014, aims to end the global TB epidemic as part of the newly adopted Sustainable Development Goals.
How do you treat tuberculosis?
The usual treatment is:2 antibiotics (isoniazid and rifampicin) for 6 months.2 additional antibiotics (pyrazinamide and ethambutol) for the first 2 months of the 6-month treatment period.
How can the community prevent TB?
Wash your hands after coughing or sneezing. Don't visit other people and don't invite them to visit you. Stay home from work, school, or other public places. Use a fan or open windows to move around fresh air.
What is the global burden of TB?
Worldwide, TB is the 13th leading cause of death and the second leading infectious killer after COVID-19 (above HIV/AIDS). In 2020, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. 5.6 million men, 3.3 million women and 1.1 million children. TB is present in all countries and age groups.
WHO tuberculosis global health emergency?
In 1993, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a press release announcing that tuberculosis (TB) was a global emergency, making it the first infectious disease to be declared as such. Although progress has been made, no country has eliminated TB and there are 3 million missed TB diagnoses each year [1].
Why and when was TB declared as world emergency?
In 1993, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis a global emergency because of the scale of the epidemic and the urgent need to improve global tuberculosis control [1,1a].
Why is global health a priority?
With the increasing frequency of international travel, the globalization of food supplies and medicine, and a rapidly expanding world population, it is more important than ever for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Center for Global Health (CGH), to work 24/7 around the world to stop disease threats ...
Why should we be concerned about global health?
As adults, it means being able to build careers and invest in their families and communities. Not protecting health can, and has, put entire countries at risk. In 2014 alone, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone lost US$2.2 billion in gross domestic product, threatening economic stability.
What is true of DOTS strategy for treatment of tuberculosis?
Also, DOTS increases the accuracy of diagnosis of tuberculosis by advocating sputum smear microscopy thereby reducing the spread of tuberculosis[9]. Indigent patients are catered for under the DOTS programme as free medications are provided and the duration of illness is reduced.
How long has tuberculosis been around?
This article has been cited byother articles in PMC. Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease that has affected mankind for more than 4,000 years (1). It is a chronic disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosisand spreads from person to person through air. TB usually affects the lungs but it can also affect other parts of the body, ...
How many people died from TB in 2007?
In 2007, it was estimated globally that there were 9.27 million incident cases of TB, 13.7 million prevalent cases, 1.32 million deaths from TB in HIV-negative and 0.45 million deaths in HIV-positive persons (5).
What are the symptoms of TB?
In the cases of pulmonary TB, it may cause symptoms, such as chronic cough, pain in the chest, haemoptysis, weakness or fatigue, weight loss, fever, and night-sweats.
What is the effect of drug resistance on tuberculosis?
Drug resistance, in combination with other factors, results in increased morbidity and mortality due to tuberculosis. Drug-resistant strains of TB is rapidly emerging worldwide (16). The WHO reported alarming rise of not only multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB but also of XDR TB (extreme drug-resistant TB) globally.
Is TB a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including Bangladesh?
TB remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including Bangladesh. With the discovery of chemotherapy in the 1940s and adoption of the standardized short course in the 1980s, it was believed that TB would decline globally.