What is involved in the treatment of cancer?
Involves the use of x-rays or gamma rays to damage cancer cells. Damage dividing cells; stimulate apoptosis (death); halt cell cycle. What is surgery r/t cancer? Removes the tumor from the body. Reduce tumor size to alleviate pain; prevent metastasis if used early, diagnosis of cancer What are the adverse effects (a/e) of surgery? Pain, deformity
Do oncologists often recommend a combination of treatments for cancer?
Oncologists will often recommend a combination of treatments rather than one single treatment for cancer. a. True b. False A Curative surgery is aimed at complete removal of the tumor. a. True b. False Palliative
What is chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery What is chemotherapy? AKA antineoplastics. The treatment of cancer with the use of drugs Multiple actions on cells to stop the progression through cell cycle; may involve combination therapy and may act selectively or non-selectively.
What are the 3 most common modalities of cancer treatment?
What are the 3 most common modalities of cancer treatment? Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery What is chemotherapy? AKA antineoplastics. The treatment of cancer with the use of drugs Multiple actions on cells to stop the progression through cell cycle; may involve combination therapy and may act selectively or non-selectively.
What are 3 ways to treat cancer?
The most common treatments are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
Which among the following is used in treatment of cancer?
Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-powered energy beams, such as X-rays or protons, to kill cancer cells.
Which therapies involves only the cancerous cells not the normal cells in treatment?
Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs designed to "target" cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Cancer cells typically have changes in their genes that make them different from normal cells.
Which of the following factors can lead to cancer?
Gene mutations that occur after birth. A number of forces can cause gene mutations, such as smoking, radiation, viruses, cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens), obesity, hormones, chronic inflammation and a lack of exercise.
Which of the following is not a treatment of cancer?
So, the correct answer is 'Streptokinase'.
What are the types of cancer treatments?
Types of Cancer TreatmentSurgery.Chemotherapy.Radiation Therapy.Targeted Therapy.Immunotherapy.Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplant.Hormone Therapy.
How many types of treatment are there?
Three principal types of medical treatment Curative – to cure a patient of an illness. Palliative – to relieve symptoms from an illness. Preventative – to avoid the onset of an illness.
What other treatment is there besides chemotherapy?
5 Cancer Treatments That Aren't ChemotherapyTreatment 1: Surgery. ... Treatment 2: Immunotherapy. ... Treatment 3: Targeted therapies. ... Treatment 4: Active surveillance. ... Treatment 5: Supportive care.
What is non targeted therapy?
While it can be given as monotherapy, it is more often used concurrently or just after other traditional cancer treatments including radiation and/or chemotherapy. Cytokine Therapy.
Which of the following is not a feature of cancer cells group of answer choices?
So, the correct answer is 'They show contact inhibition'.
Which of the following is a risk factor for cancer quizlet?
Age is the greatest risk factor for developing cancer. 60% of people who have cancer are 65 or older.
Which of the following are risk factors for cancer select three?
The most common risk factors for cancer include aging, tobacco, sun exposure, radiation exposure, chemicals, and other substances, some viruses and bacteria, certain hormones, family history of cancer, alcohol, poor diet, lack of physical activity, or being overweight.
What is primary prevention of cancer?
ANS: D. Primary prevention of cancer involves removal of "at risk" tissue. The other choices listed are secondary prevention strategies, which involve screening for early detection of cancer. A student nurse asks the nursing instructor what "apoptosis" means.
How to decrease the risk of developing cancer?
To decrease the risk of developing cancer, one should cut down on the consumption of red meats and animal fat. The other statements are correct. A client is in the oncology clinic for a first visit since being diagnosed with cancer. The nurse reads in the client's chart that the cancer classification is TISN0M0.
What is benign tumor?
Benign tumors are basically normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time. Benign cells grow through hyperplasia, not invasion. Benign tumor cells retain contact inhibition. Anaplasia is a characteristic of cancer cells.
Why do I not have a mammogram?
A 65-year-old client tells the nurse she does not have mammograms because there is no history of breast cancer in her family.
What are the characteristics of normal cells?
Normal cells have the characteristics of differentiated function, nonmigratory, specific morphology, a smaller nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, tight adherence, and orderly and well-regulated growth . The nurse working with oncology clients understands that interacting factors affect cancer development.
What does TIS stand for in cancer?
There are no distant metastases noted in the report. TIS stands for carcinoma in situ; N0 stands for no regional lymph node metastasis; and M0 stands for no distant metastasis. A client asks the nurse if eating only preservative- and dye-free foods will decrease cancer risk.
What is the most common way for cancer to spread?
Bloodborne metastasis is the most common way for cancer to metastasize. Direct invasion and lymphatic spread are other methods. Bone marrow is not a medium in which cancer spreads, although cancer can occur in the bone marrow.
How does chemotherapy work?
Chemotherapy usually involves a combination of drugs in order to: 1. reduce the adverse effects. 2. guarantee that all cancer cells are destroyed. 3. be effective in more phases of the cell cycle. 4. totally block the mitotic stage. 1 ,3. -reduce the adverse effects. - be effective in more phases of the cell cycle.
What are the most common forms of skin cancer?
They usually develop slowly on the head, neck, or back of individuals with fair skin. c. The number of skin cancer cases is increasing. d. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer. they are difficult to dx & treat. High risk factors for cancer include: 1. human papilloma virus.
What are the adverse effects of radiation and chemotherapy?
The most critical adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy are: a. thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. b. headache and lethargy. c. nausea and constipation. d. alopecia and weight loss. thrombocytopenia & leucopenia. Chemotherapy usually involves a combination of drugs in order to: 1. reduce the adverse effects.
What is the process of carcinogenesis?
The process of carcinogenesis usually begins with: a. exposure to promoters causing dysplasia. b. development of defective genes. c. an irreversible change in the cell DNA. d. a single exposure to a known risk factor causing temporary cell damage. an irreversible change in the cell DNA.
What are the effects of an expanding tumor mass?
The common local effects of an expanding tumor mass include: 1. obstruction of a tube or duct. 2. anemia and weight loss. 3. cell necrosis and ulceration. 4. tumor markers in the circulation. 1,3. -obstruction of a tube or duct. -cell necrosis & ulceration.
What is the treatment for cancer?
chemotherapy. One of the newer therapies for treatment of cancer is immunotherapy. Thank the procedures from the beginning to the final state of treatment. [5] antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are removed from patient. APCs are genetically engineered to have genes for tumor antigens. APCs display tumor antigens on their surface.
What is the carcinogenesis phase?
Briefly describe the carcinogenesis phase, initiation. A single cell that undergoes a mutation that leads to uncontrolled cell division. Briefly describe the carcinogenesis phase, promotion. A tumor that develops and continues to undergo mutations. Briefly describe the carcinogenesis phase, progression.
What are proto-oncogenes?
Briefly describe proto-oncogenes. Codes for proteins that promote the cell cycle and prevent apoptosis. Briefly describe tumor suppressor genes. Codes for proteins that inhibit the cell cycle and promote apoptosis. True/false: Tumors consist of cells in a single layer that exhibit contact inhibition.
