What does an adolescent need to relate to and be accepted?
An adolescent needs to relate to and be accepted by peers as well as family. A female adolescent reports excessive hair growth in the pubic region and under the arms. What may be responsible for these changes?
How long should an adolescent be in treatment for substance abuse?
Completing treatment and having a continuing care plan are important The length of treatment will vary based on the severity of the adolescent’s substance use disorder; however, studies have shown outcomes are best when an individual is in treatment 3 months or longer.70The adolescent can also benefit from continuing care. 13.
Which of the following are common medical concerns in adolescent pregnancies?
Select all that apply. Medical concerns in adolescent pregnancies include maternal anemia, poor weight gain, and pregnancy-induced hypertension. Adolescents often receive delayed or inadequate prenatal care, increasing the risk of a low-birthweight infant, not an obese one.
Which of the following are the most common injuries among adolescents?
Select all that apply. Substance abuse and automobile accidents pose the greatest risks of injury among adolescents. Poisoning and child abduction are more common among toddlers and preschoolers. Home accidents are common among toddlers as well. A nurse is caring for a 15-year-old client who is undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia.
Why was there a hesitancy to identify childhood disorders?
b. There was a hesitancy to identify childhood disorders because parents were likely to be blamed for any diagnosis given.
What is an immature minor?
a. Immature minors who are not capable of making their own decisions
What is the most important nursing intervention for minority adolescents?
What is the most important nursing intervention for minority adolescents?#N#1. Identifying individuals at risk for substance abuse# N#2. Providing counseling to adolescents during rehabilitation#N#3. Helping ensure improved access to appropriate healthcare#N#4. Guiding minority adolescents to prevent injuries and accidental deaths.
Why is it important to help minority adolescents?
Minority adolescents experience a greater likelihood of health problems and barriers to healthcare. Hence, helping improve access to appropriate healthcare is the most important intervention for the nurse working with minority adolescents.
Why do adolescents take risks?
Adolescents tend to take risks because they believe that they are invincible. Adolescents commonly consider their parents to be too narrow-minded or too materialistic.
What are the effects of adolescence on food choices?
These choices can result in such chronic illnesses as diabetes and obesity. Midlife adults are more mature than adolescents in making food choices and are less susceptible to the influence of factors that can lead to malnutrition or chronic illness. Infants depend on human milk, the preferred form of nutrition for all infants. Children establish lifelong eating habits during the first 3 years of life. Infants and children are too young to make food choices that are affected by peer acceptability and sociability.
What are the complications of adolescent pregnancy?
In adolescents, most spontaneous abortions occur in the first trimester as a result of an abnormal chromosomal complement, uterine or cervical abnormalities, systemic maternal illness, or infection. Poor maternal weight gain, not obesity, is a medical concern in adolescent pregnancies. Bleeding is common during implantation in the adolescent pregnancy. It may not be a major complication, but bed rest is usually recommended if bleeding occurs. Gestational diabetes is a risk factor in women older than 25 years. Adolescent women are at lower risk of gestational diabetes.
Which sector has traditionally assumed a major responsibility for the operation of substance abuse treatment centers?
The public sector has traditionally assumed a major responsibility for the operation of substance abuse treatment centers.
How often should a client's treatment plan be updated?
a written plan developed by the client's treatment team to identify the type and frequency of services the client needs; includes measurable goals and objectives that address the problems identified in the clinical assessment and should be updated periodically (usually every 6 months) as the client's treatment needs change
What is a SAMHSA block grant?
an agency of SAMHSA that "promotes the quality and availability of community-based substance abuse treatment services for individuals and families...(working) with States and community-based groups to improve and expand existing substance abuse treatment services under the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant Program"
What is a substance abuse setting?
a setting where clients are treated for substance abuse under the direction of a physician, which includes all services of an acute care hospital
What is SAMHSA sponsored?
sponsored by SAMHSA, an online searchable database of treatments and interventions that have been demonstrated to be effective for substance abuse and mental health treatment and prevention programs
What is a SAMHSA survey?
an annual survey of all substance abuse treatment facilities known to SAMHSA; collects facility-specific information on location, characteristics, services offered, and utilization
What is the agency of SAMHSA?
an agency of SAMHSA that provides national leadership for community-based substance abuse prevention programs; among other activities they administer a number of grant programs aimed at reducing the incidence of substance abuse
What is the major developmental task of an adolescent?
Establishing an identity , the major developmental task of the adolescent, is related to the affirmation of self-image. To achieve this task there is a need to conform to group norms, one of which is appearance. The type of treatment is not an issue. Although it is important to continue schooling and to maintain contact with peers, the effect on body image is more important.
Why should a nurse explain to adolescent girls that pregnancy at this age results in low birth weight?
The nurse should explain to the adolescent girls that pregnancy at this age results in low birth weight infants. Infants born to adolescent mothers are at increased risk of prematurity and increased risk of exposure to alcohol and drugs. Pregnant adolescents are less likely to seek out prenatal care.
What is the moral development stage of Piaget's theory?
According to Piaget's moral development theory depicts, an adolescent develops abstract thinking during the formal operations period. According to Freud's genital stage, sexual urges reawaken and are directed to an individual outside the family circle. During the conventional reasoning stage, a person establishes his or her morals based on his or her own personal internalization of societal expectations. According to the identity versus role confusion stage, there is a marked preoccupation with appearance and body image.
How long should adolescents stay pregnant after bariatric surgery?
The adolescent should agree to avoid pregnancy for 1 year postoperatively.
When does pubertal growth peak?
The pubertal growth spurt reaches peak during 12 years in females. The middle adolescent period occurs at 15 to 17 years shows a slowdown in growth.
Do adolescent mothers need day care?
Adolescent mothers need competent day care for their infants. Infants born to adolescent mothers are more likely to be premature than are infants born to adult mothers. Infants born to teen mothers are at risk of being born prematurely. Pregnancies in older mothers are at greater risk for chromosomal defects.
Is adolescent mother at increased risk for prematurity?
Infants of adolescent mothers are at increased risk for prematurity.
What do you teach an adolescent?
Teach the adolescent about hygiene, body function, and sexuality. Encourage the discussion of safer sex practices. Display drawings, models, and equipment to help educate the adolescent. A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about the role of estrogen in adolescents.
What does an adolescent say to a nurse during a nutritional counseling session?
During a nutritional counseling session, an adolescent says to a nurse, "I am not following my diet properly, but I know I should do it." Which stage of change model does the adolescent belong?
What does a nurse observe when treating acne?
While caring for a client receiving medication therapy for acne, the nurse observes aggressive behaviors and suicidal ideations. Which medication may be responsible for the client's condition?
What hormones are released during puberty?
The events of puberty begin with the follicle stimulating hormone stimulating the ovaries to release estrogen. When a girl reaches mid-puberty, her body produces high levels of estrogens, which stimulates the development of the uterine endometrial lining. This event leads to menarche or the first menstruation, which is followed by ...
How old are girls when they grow?
Girls tend to begin their physical changes two years prior to boys. Girls grow till the age of 17 years whereas boys grow till 20 years of age. Girls who mature early are less happy with their body appearance whereas boys who mature early are satisfied.
Can adolescent mothers view their infants as playthings?
Adolescent mothers may view the infant as a play thing .
What is sociocultural approach in therapy?
The sociocultural approach to therapy involves acknowledging which of the following that characterize a person's life. (Select all that apply.)
What is the first impulse of a psychologist?
b. A psychologist's first impulse is to treat with psychotherapy, not medicine.
Is ____ therapy more effective than the other?
No specific ____ or therapy has been identified as more effective than the other.
Is psychotherapy effective?
d. For most people, psychotherapy is effective.
What is the treatment for substance abuse in adolescents?
Family-focused treatments, cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational enhancement therapy, and trauma-informed care are just a few of the evidence-based or evidence-informed strategies used to treat this disorder in its acute phase. In addition to these more behaviorally focused treatments, there is growing interest in pharmacological approaches (eg, anticraving medications) to augment treatment, but one should proceed cautiously along these lines given that the efficacy data are limited.24
How is treatment level determined for adolescents?
An adolescent’s treatment level is determined by assessing the individual in six critical areas developed by the American Society of Addiction Medicine.27These include the following:
What is motivational enhancement therapy?
The goal of motivational enhancement therapy is to help encourage the adolescent to engage in treatment and stop using drugs. It is typically delivered in conjunction with other treatment approaches. Motivational enhancement therapists use a person-centered, non-confrontational style in assisting the youth to explore different facets of his or her use patterns. Adolescents are encouraged to examine the pros and cons of their use and to create goals to help them achieve a healthier lifestyle. The therapist provides personalized feedback and respects the youth’s freedom of choice regarding his or her own behavior. The therapist is directive in assisting the individual to examine and resolve ambivalence and to encourage the client’s responsibility for selecting and working on healthy changes in behavior, but generally remains neutral.32
How does CBT help with substance use?
In the context of adolescent substance use, CBT encourages adolescents to develop self-regulation and coping skills by teaching youth to identify stimulus cues that precede drug use, to use various strategies to avoid situations that may trigger the desire to use, and to develop skills for communication and problem-solving. 29Trauma-focused CBT was developed to treat adolescents who have experienced a severe trauma (eg, sexual abuse, domestic violence) and have other emotional and behavioral problems.30Substance use can be addressed during trauma-focused CBT since it is commonly experienced by traumatized youth. The parent, an essential part of this treatment, will attend parallel sessions and eventually joint sessions with the youth.
How are adolescents different from adults?
For example, compared with adults, adolescents tend to be polydrug users, tend to not reveal withdrawal symptoms, and can experience serious problems without meeting diagnostic criteria for the disorder (the diagnostic orphan). Additionally, teenagers are less likely than adults to seek treatment on their own. This may be due to several factors, including but not limited to, a shorter history of drug use, fewer perceived drug-related consequences, enabling behaviors by parents, use within the peer group, normalizing the behavior, and a lack of maturity that contributes to poor insight that a problem exists.18,19Lack of treatment-seeking behavior combined with the notion that drug use is not a problem is a primary reason why the application of motivational enhancement techniques is viewed as so important at the front end of a counseling experience with adolescents.20Another difference pertains to issues of confidentiality. Only a few states allow a teenager to receive drug treatment without the consent of a parent. Also, mandated reporting requirements dictate that some issues disclosed by an adolescent cannot be fully confidential. Finally, psychopathology commonly co-occurs with a substance use disorder among adolescents, with the most common being attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, depression, anxiety, and post traumatic stress disorder.21In many instances, the co-occurring disorder precedes the drug use, and thus may be importantly linked to the adolescent’s drug problem. Importantly, when drug treatment addresses the co-occurring problem, abstinence rates are higher compared with rates when treatment is singly focused on drug issues.22
What is 12-step facilitation?
The goal of twelve-step facilitation therapy is to encourage the adolescent to become involved in a 12-step program. These programs incorporate a self-help approach centered within the context of reciprocal support.34They are organized around the basic tenets of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), and are a commonly applied strategy in inpatient and outpatient treatment programs, as well as a standalone approach (ie, attending AA, Narcotics Anonymous, or Cocaine Anonymous meetings). Approximately 2.3% of AA members in the USA and Canada are under the age of 21.35Within this approach, participants are urged to accept that life has become unmanageable and they must quit using drugs or alcohol. Individuals support each other’s sobriety through encouragement of mental and spiritual health.
What is early intervention?
Early intervention often consists of educational or brief intervention services that aim to help the adolescent recognize the negative consequences of substance use and to understand and address the adolescent’s problems that are likely related to their substance use.