Medication
The anti-inflammatory steroids, non-steroidal drugs and anti-TNF-α agents might all be expected to exert a dampening effect on chronic periodontitis although the evidence is somewhat equivocal and none of these drugs has emerged as potentially valuable adjuncts to treat periodontal disease. Desquamative gingivitis is a clinical appearance of aggressive gingival inflammation …
Procedures
Start studying Ch. 9 Treatment Planning for the Periodontal Patient. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. ... Include prescription drugs, materials dispensed, referrals, request for X-rays, results, recall plan, corrected by drawing line thru but leaving legible then write correct entry, written in ...
Self-care
Eight principle antibiotic groups have been extensively evaluated for treatment of the periodontal diseases; tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, ampicillin, amoxicillin and metronidazole. [ 10] A brief review of these …
Nutrition
Antimicrobial Therapy. The presence of periodontal pathogens, specifically A. actinomycetemcomitans, has been implicated as the reason that aggressive periodontitis does not respond to conventional therapy alone.These pathogens are known to remain in the tissues[] after therapy and re-infect the pocket.The identification of A. actinomycetemcomitans as a …
Do we need a combination of drugs to treat periodontal disease?
Drugs used to treat Periodontitis. The following list of medications are in some way related to or used in the treatment of this condition. Select drug class All drug classes tetracyclines (9) antiseptic and germicides (4) mouth and throat products (9) …
Do antibiotics enhance the effects of mechanical periodontal therapy?
Eliminate and control etiologic and predisposing factors of disease. 2. Maintain health. 3. Prevent the reoccurence of disease. What are the goals of treatment planning? same. Treatment planning goals should be the ___ regardless of who is completing the …
Which macrolide antibiotics are used for periodontal treatment?
The dental hygienist decides on the treatment plan and informs the patient of the extent of disease. The treatment plan is a guideline for the management of comprehensive periodontal and restorative care. The treatment plan is essential for every periodontal patient. The elements of informed consent include all of the following factors EXCEPT one.
What are the treatment options for rapidly progressive periodontitis?
diagnosis and treatment of periodontal diseases. This article presents the essential elements of a PTPincluding diagnosis, treatment planning, implementation of therapy, assessment and monitoring of therapy, insur-ance coding, introduction of the patient to periodontal therapy, and enhanced verbal skills. In addition, considerations for ...
What is the treatment plan for periodontal disease?
Antibiotics. Topical or oral antibiotics can help control bacterial infection. Topical antibiotics can include antibiotic mouth rinses or insertion of gels containing antibiotics in the space between your teeth and gums or into pockets after deep cleaning.
Which of the following is essential for successful periodontal treatment?
High-quality instrumentation, effective self-care, appropriate reevaluations, and additional therapy are key to a successful periodontal treatment regimen.
What types of medications react effect in either a positive or negative way with the Periodontium gum tissue )?
Drugs which have been reported to affect the periodontium can be categorised as follows: anti-epileptics, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hormones.
What are the different phases of periodontal therapy?
Principally the comprehensive periodontal therapy can be divided into four main phases: phase I. initial or cause related therapy, phase II. surgical therapy, phase III. periodontal reconstruction, and phase IV.
What causes periodontitis?
It's typically caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaque—a sticky film of bacteria—to build up on the teeth and harden. In advanced stages, periodontal disease can lead to sore, bleeding gums; painful chewing problems; and even tooth loss.
Which of the following are appropriate to include as initial periodontal therapy?
The initial-first phase in the treatment of periodontal disease typically involves Sanative Therapy ; a meticulous below the gum line cleaning that may include scaling, root planning, soft tissue curettage and dental prophylaxis.
What medications can cause gum problems?
Some common medications can cause problems with periodontal health include:Antacids.Antihistamines.Antidepressants.Blood pressure medications.Decongestants.Pain relievers.
What drugs affect your gums?
Along with often being addictive, they're bad for you in many ways. You may have noticed that many drug addicts have bad teeth. That's because drugs such as methamphetamine (meth), heroin, cocaine, ecstasy, and even marijuana can cause problems for your teeth and gums.
What medications can cause dental problems?
What medications cause tooth decay?Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl)Decongestants (e.g., pseudoephedrine)Opioid pain medications, like hydrocodone/acetaminophen (Norco)High blood pressure medications (e.g., propranolol)Antidepressants (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors like fluoxetine)More items...•
What is treatment plan?
Listen to pronunciation. (TREET-ment plan) A detailed plan with information about a patient's disease, the goal of treatment, the treatment options for the disease and possible side effects, and the expected length of treatment.
How can I prevent periodontal disease?
Fortunately, you can prevent periodontitis through good oral hygiene. Brush and floss teeth regularly and see your dentist for checkups and cleanings. You can get rid of plaque before it builds up and causes problems. By doing so, you can keep your gum and teeth healthy for the long-term.
What is supportive periodontal therapy?
Periodontal maintenance procedures (also known as supportive periodontal therapy) are designed to minimize the recurrence and progression of periodontal disease in patients that have been previously treated for periodontal problems. This is an ongoing prevention program of periodontal cleanings and evaluations.
What is periodontal antibiotic?
During the past two decades, dentists and microbiologists have embraced periodontal antibiotic therapy as a powerful adjunct to conventional mechanical debridement for therapeutic management of the periodontal diseases,[1,2] as the evidence for bacterial specificity in periodontitis has accumulated and strengthened. Antibiotics, are defined as naturally occurring or synthetic organic substances that, in low concentrations, inhibit or kill selective microorganisms.[1]
How to prevent periodontal attachment loss?
Mechanical and surgical treatment combined with proper oral hygiene measures can arrest or prevent further periodontal attachment loss in most individuals by reducing total supra-subgingival bacterial mass.[4] However, despite diligent dental therapy, some individuals continue to experience periodontal breakdown, may be due to the ability of major periodontal pathogens like Porphyromonasgingivalis, Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium-nucleatum, Treponemadenticola, bacteroids, to invade periodontal tissues or to reside in furcations or other tooth structures outside the reach of periodontal instruments, or due to poor host defense mechanisms.[4] In addition, the putative periodontal pathogens (“red complex”) tend to reside in the section of the biofilm attached to the epithelial surface of the periodontal pocket and the patient cannot reach this site during the oral hygiene efforts.[5]
What are the prime candidates for systemic antimicrobial therapy?
The prime candidates for systemic antimicrobial therapy are those patients exhibiting attachment loss after seemingly adequate conventional therapy, or patients with aggressive forms of periodontitis or associated with predisposing medical conditions or refractory periodontitis. [6] Patients with acute or severe periodontal infections (periodontal abscess, acute necrotizing gingivitis/periodontitis) may also benefit from antibiotic therapy.[3]
How long does metronidazole last?
The most commonly prescribed regimen is 250 mg tid for 7 days.
What is an antibiotic?
Antibiotics, are defined as naturally occurring or synthetic organic substances that, in low concentrations, inhibit or kill selective microorganisms .[1] The concept of antibiotic periodontal therapy centers upon the pathogenic microbiota, the patient, and the drug.[3] .
Why is systemic antibiotic therapy important?
Therefore, it is important to disrupt this biofilm physically so that the antibiotic agents can have access to the periodontal pathogens.[5]
How long should you take antibiotics before surgery?
Slots et al.[7] described a series of steps using anti-infective agents for enhancing regenerative healing. They recommend starting antibiotics 1-2 days before surgery and continuing for a total of atleast 8 days, however, the value of this regimen has not been well documented.
Why are pharmacological agents used in periodontal disease?
The rationale for pharmacological agents in management of aggressive forms of periodontal disease is eliminating the initiating factors and diseased tissues by conventional therapy and augmenting it with systemic pharmacological agents to eliminate the pathogens left in the tissues. It is to be emphasized, in such cases, that use of antibiotics is as important as the conventional therapy.[6] Mechanical treatment may not predictably eliminate putative pathogens such as A. actinomycetemcomitansfrom sub-gingival area due to them being inaccessible to mechanical intervention, especially in areas such as root concavities, furcation, and their ability to invade periodontal tissues and dentinal tubules. Persistence in non-dental areas such as dorsum of tongue or tonsils is again an important area of concern.
What is the best treatment for aggressive periodontitis?
A novel approach in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis is the administration of agents that modulate the host response. The use of sub-antimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD)[18] may help to prevent the destruction of the periodontal attachment by controlling the activation of matrix metalloproteinases, especially collagenase, from both the infiltrating cells and resident cells of the periodontium, primarily neutrophils. SDD, as an adjunct to repeated mechanical debridement, resulted in clinical improvement in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Other agents such as CMT, flubiprofen, indomethacin, and naproxen may reduce inflammatory mediator production. Further research is awaited for the use of such agents.
Why is aggressive periodontitis not responding to conventional therapy?
The presence of periodontal pathogens, specifically A. actinomycetemcomitans, has been implicated as the reason that aggressive periodontitis does not respond to conventional therapy alone. These pathogens are known to remain in the tissues[4] after therapy and re-infect the pocket. The identification of A. actinomycetemcomitansas a major culprit and the discovery that this organism penetrates the tissues offered another perspective to the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis and offered new hope for therapeutic success, namely antibiotics. The use of systemic antibiotics was thought to be necessary to eliminate pathogenic bacteria from the tissues.[4]
What is the use of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium?
It has been found to be useful in the management of localized form of aggressive periodontitis,[11] and also to arrest alveolar bone loss.
What is aggressive periodontitis?
Aggressive periodontitis, by definition, causes rapid destruction of the periodontal attachment apparatus and the supporting alveolar bone. It can present in a localized or generalized form. Two common features of both forms are (1) rapid attachment loss and bone destruction in an otherwise clinically healthy patient and (2) a familial aggregation.[1] These patients often present with limited microbial deposits that seem inconsistent with the severity of tissue destruction. However, the deposits that are present often have elevated levels of Aggregatibacter(formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans,[2] or Porphyromonas gingivalis. These patients may also present with phagocyte abnormalities and a hyperresponsive monocyte/macrophage phenotype. These clinical, microbiological, and immunologic features would suggest that patients diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis would have poor prognosis. The responsiveness of aggressive periodontitis to conventional periodontal treatment is unpredictable, and the overall prognosis for these patients is poorer than for patients with chronic periodontitis.
Why is aggressive periodontitis a challenge?
Aggressive periodontitis is a challenge for the clinician because it is infrequently encountered and the predictability of treatment success varies from one patient to another. These unusual entities often do not respond well to conventional therapy owing to the complex nature of the disease. The best treatment for these patients appears to be a combination of conventional treatment with antimicrobial therapy (systemic and/or local delivery) and close follow-up care. Adjunctive host modulation, although only an emerging are of interest, may prove to be promising in the treatment of patients with aggressive periodontitis.
How long does it take to disinfect your mouth for periodontitis?
The procedure consists of full mouth debridement completed in two appointments within a 24-h period. In addition to scaling and root planing, the tongue is brushed with chlorhexidine gel (1%) for 1 min, the mouth is rinsed with chlorhexidine solution (0.2%) for 2 min, and periodontal pockets are irrigated with chlorhexidine solution (1%). Significant reduction in pocket depth and gain in clinical attachment in patients with aggressive periodontitis up to 8 months after treatment was noted, and also, significant reduction was found in periodontal pathogens up to 8 months after therapy.[17]
What is gingivitis in dentistry?
A dental disorder that results from progression of gingivitis, involving inflammation and infection of the ligaments and bones that support the teeth.
Does a drug have multiple schedules?
The drug has multiple schedules. The schedule may depend on the exact dosage form or strength of the medication.
Is abuse a low potential for abuse relative to those in Schedule 4?
Has a low potential for abuse relative to those in schedule 4. Has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to those in schedule 4.
What is the primary method of preventing plaque and controlling oral disease?
Mechanical plaque control methods remain the primary means for preventing plaque and controlling oral disease; oral chemotherapeutics are typically designed to be an adjunct to traditional mechanical methods.
What is the term for the quality of an active ingredient that is retained by the oral tissues and slowly released?
Substantivity refers to the quality of an active ingredient whereby it is retained by the oral tissues and slowly released; the other terms refer to how an active ingredient disables microorganisms.
What is oral chemotherapeutics used for?
Q. Oral chemotherapeutics are used to control plaque and prevent dental and periodontal diseases. Which of the following is least true regarding the typical use of oral chemotherapeutics?
Why are oral chemotherapeutics two dimensions?
Oral chemotherapeutics should be thought of as having two dimensions because different active ingredients can be applied via different modes, and this can profoundly affect the product efficacy; furthermore, the delivery system can be local, systemic, or both, also affecting the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent.
What are the dimensions of oral chemotherapeutics?
Q. The two dimensions of oral chemotherapeutics are the active ingredient and mode of delivery. The delivery system can be either locally or systemically applied.
Why is alcohol included in oral rinses?
B. Alcohol is included in oral rinse to emulsify the antimicrobial ingredients.
Is mouthwash a local delivery system?
Mouthwash is a self-applied local application but is less commonly used than dentifrice; fluoride is an active ingredient, but it is not a specific delivery system because it can be delivered in several ways; water is considered primarily a systemic delivery system for fluoride, but it is increasingly being recognized for its local topical effect; dentifrice is an extremely commonly used self-applied local delivery method.