Based on this review, noninsulin pharmacological therapies can be divided into following classes: (1) Insulin-sensitizing agents (biguanides and thiazolidinediones), (2) gastrointestinal nutrient absorption modulators (α-Glucosidase inhibitors and amylin), (3) immunotherapeutic agents, (4) incretin-based therapies, (5) …
Full Answer
What non-insulin medicines are used to treat type 2 diabetes?
There are six types of non-insulin medicines used to treat type 2 diabetes: Metformin: Thiazolidinediones (glitazones): Insulin releasing pills (secretagogues): Starch blockers: Incretin based therapies: Amylin analogs:
What is a table of non-insulin medications?
A Table of Non-Insulin Medications: A summary of all the oral medications and non insulin injected therapies including the common doses and side effects. Self assessment quizzes are available for topics covered in this website.
What medications cause the pancreas to produce more insulin?
These oral medications cause the pancreas to produce more insulin, which helps to regulate blood sugar levels. There are two main types of insulin secretagogues: those in the sulfonylurea class, such as glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide, chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, and tolazamide those in the meglitinide class, such as repaglinide and nateglinide
What is non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Abstract Non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with resistance to ketosis. The onset is usually after age 40 years. Patients are variably symptomatic and frequently obese, hyperlipidemic and hypertensive.
What drug is used for the treatment of insulin non dependent diabetes?
Oral drug therapies used in NIDDM include sulphonylurea derivatives, which are a first-line treatment in patients who are not grossly obese, metformin, which is the treatment of choice for obese patients, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose, which are used mainly to reduce postprandial blood glucose peaks ...
What are non-insulin drugs?
liraglutide (Victoza) is a once-daily injection. exenatide (Byetta) is a twice-daily injection. exenatide extended-release pen (Bydureon) is a once-weekly injection. albiglutide (Tanzeum) is a once-weekly injection.
Which type is non-insulin-dependent?
Non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with resistance to ketosis. The onset is usually after age 40 years.
Is metformin insulin or non-insulin?
Metformin is an oral antihyperglycemic agent that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. It differs from the sulfonylureas in that it is does not enhance insulin secretion and normally does not produce hypoglycemia.
How does non-insulin medication work?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. These keep starches from breaking down. This means that they lower the amount of glucose absorbed when you eat. They don't help your body make more insulin. So they will not cause low blood sugar unless you use them with other medicines for diabetes.
What's another name for metformin?
Metformin oral tablets are available as generic drugs and as brand-name drugs. Brand names: Fortamet and Glumetza. Metformin comes in two forms: tablet and solution. Both forms are taken by mouth.
What is insulin-dependent and non insulin-dependent?
In type 2 diabetes (which used to be called adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes) the body produces insulin, but the cells don't respond to insulin the way they should. This is called insulin resistance.
Why is it called non insulin-dependent diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is also called non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), since it can be treated with lifestyle changes and/or types of medication other than insulin therapy.
Which type is insulin-dependent?
Type 1 diabetes was once called insulin-dependent or juvenile diabetes. It usually develops in children, teens, and young adults, but it can happen at any age. Type 1 diabetes is less common than type 2—about 5-10% of people with diabetes have type 1.
What is metformin used for?
Metformin: a medicine to treat type 2 diabetes - NHS.
What is the drug Glipizide used for?
Glipizide belongs to a class of drugs called sulfonylureas. It stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas, directing your body to store blood sugar. This helps lower blood sugar and restore the way you use food to make energy.
Is gliclazide insulin?
Gliclazide belongs to the sulfonylurea class of insulin secretagogues, which act by stimulating β cells of the pancreas to release insulin.
What is pramlintide used for?
Pramlintide is an injected medicine for people with diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, Pramlintide can be taken in addition to insulin to help control mealtime blood sugars. If you have type 2 diabetes, and lifestyle changes are not enough to control your blood sugar, typically, your provider will first start you on a single medicine. ...
What are the non-insulin medications used for type 2 diabetes?
There are six types of non-insulin medicines used to treat type 2 diabetes: Metformin: Pills that reduce sugar production from the liver. Thiazolidinediones (glitazones): Pills that enhance sugar removal from the blood stream. Insulin releasing pills (secretagogues): Pills that increase insulin release from the pancreas.
What is the best medicine for slowing down the absorption of sugar?
Starch blockers: Pills that slow starch (sugar) absorption from the gut. Incretin based therapies: Pills and injections that reduce sugar production in the liver and slow the absorption of food. Amylin analogs: Injections that reduce sugar production in the liver and slow the absorption of food.
Why do people need to take different medicine?
Medicine combinations are used because different drugs target different parts of your body’s sugar regulation system.
Why do we use medicine combinations?
Medicine combinations are used because different drugs target different parts of your body’s sugar regulation system. Rarely, and usually due to other medical conditions, it may be necessary to start medical treatment of type 2 diabetes with insulin therapy. Usually, however, insulin therapy is the last treatment prescribed ...
Is insulin the last treatment for diabetes?
Usually, however, insulin therapy is the last treatment prescribed and is added only after the oral medications or non-insulin injections don’ t work. In this section, you will learn about the non-insulin treatment options for glucose control in type 2 diabetes including the different medicines, how they work, doses, and side effects.
How does Byetta work?
Exenatide (Byetta®) How it works: Keeps food in the stomach longer, increases insulin when you eat, and lowers the amount of glucose released by the liver. Side effects: Nausea. Vomiting. Decreased appetite. Comments/special instructions: Byetta® is taken twice a day, within one hour before the two largest meals of the day.
What is Byetta used for?
Byetta® can be used in combination with a sulfonylurea, metformin, thiazolidinediones, or Lantus. Byetta® helps with weight loss. The risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) is greater if Byetta® is used with insulin or a sulfonylurea.
How does Tanzeum work?
How it works: Keeps food in the stomach longer, increases insulin when you eat, and lowers the amount of glucose released by the liver. Side effects: Nausea. Diarrhea. Comments/special instructions: Tanzeum® comes as a powder and a liquid that are mixed together before the injection is given.
How does dulaglutide work?
Dulaglutide (Trulicity®) How it works: Keeps food in the stomach longer, increases insulin when you eat, and lowers the amount of glucose released by the liver. Side effects: Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhea. Decreased appetite. Comments/special instructions:
Can Victoza be used with metformin?
Victoza® can be used in combination with sulfonylureas, metformin, or thiazolidinediones. Victoza® helps with weight loss. The risk of hypoglycemia is greater if Victoza® is used with insulin or a sulfonylurea.
Can you take Bydureon with Byetta?
Bydureon is an extended-release form of exenatide and is injected once every seven days. Bydureon® cannot be used when taking Byetta. Bydureon® can be used in combination with a sulfonylurea, metformin, or thiazolidienediones. The risk of hypoglycemia is greater if Bydureon® is used with sulfonylurea.
Can you take symlin before meals?
Symlin® is for patients who have Type 1 diabetes and for those who have Type 2 diabetes and need insulin. Symlin® is given before meals, usually at the same time as insulin. NOTE: Symlin® and insulin must be given as separate injections. Symlin® helps with weight loss.