which antibiotics diarrhea treatment

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There are a few different types:

• Short-term, or acute, diarrhea usually goes away in a day or two
• Persistent diarrhea goes on for 2-4 weeks
• Ongoing diarrhea may come and go, but your symptoms will last a month or longer

What are the best antibiotics for diarrhea?

You might first notice the diarrhea anywhere from hours to a couple of days of taking antibiotics, Dr. Kistler says. Most of the time, loose, frequent poops will resolve within a couple of days up to two weeks, but the longest he's seen diarrhea last (and this is on the extreme end) is one to two months.

How long does diarrhea last after taking antibiotics?

The 5 Most Effective Diarrhea Remedies

1. Hydration. Hydration is very important when you have diarrhea. ...
2. Probiotics. Probiotics are sources of “good” bacteria that work in your intestinal tract to create a healthy gut environment.
3. Over-the-counter drugs. ...
4. Foods to eat. ...
5. Foods to avoid. ...

What are the best natural remedies for diarrhea?

Your antibiotic dosing is inappropriate

• The dose is too small, and does not reach far enough over MIC
• The dosing interval is too long
• The administration was delayed (in septic shock, every hour counts)
• The course was too brief
• You have failed to adjust for increased clearance by dialysis

215/causes-antibiotic-treatment-failure More items...

Why a common antibiotic treating diarrhea is failing?

Can an antibiotic help diarrhea?

Antibiotics May Be Needed A round of antibiotics can help treat diarrhea caused by bacteria or parasites. However, if your diarrhea is caused by a virus, antibiotics will not help.

Which drugs are used for diarrhea caused by antibiotics?

Ask about anti-diarrheal medications. In some cases of mild antibiotic-associated diarrhea, your doctor may recommend anti-diarrheal medications, such as loperamide (Imodium A-D).

Is ciprofloxacin used to treat diarrhea?

Additionally, a single dose of ciprofloxacin—750 mg; levofloxacin (Levaquin)—500 mg; or ofloxacin (Floxin)—400 mg, usually relieves mild cases of traveler's diarrhea in less than 24 hours.

Can amoxicillin be used for diarrhea?

The efficacy of amoxicillin in treatment of chronic bacterial diarrhea was studied in patients from two low socioeconomic groups among whom chronic diarrhea was endemic. Fifty-seven patients, six months to 72 years old, were treated for a four-day period.

Does flagyl treat diarrhea?

Metronidazole (brand name Flagyl®) is an antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent used in the treatment of certain anaerobic bacterial and protozoal infections, such as those caused by Giardia and Trichomonas. It is often used to treat diarrhea and other intestinal problems.

Can cefixime treat diarrhea?

Conclusion: The clinical trial showed that cefixime could shorten the time to defervescence and the duration of diarrhea significantly. Prolonging the period of carriage or increasing the risk of relapse was not found in this study.

Is azithromycin used for diarrhea?

Azithromycin may be used to treat moderate travelers' diarrhea. Rifaximin may be used to treat moderate, noninvasive travelers' diarrhea. Loperamide may be used as adjunctive therapy for moderate to severe travelers' diarrhea.

Can levofloxacin treat diarrhea?

Levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are also options for acute watery diarrhea (single dose 500 mg and 750 mg, respectively) and febrile diarrhea/dysentery in areas with high rates of Shigella (500 mg once for 3 days [once daily with levofloxacin and twice daily with ciprofloxacin]), but are becoming less effective because ...

Can azithromycin treat gastroenteritis?

Traveler's diarrhea is gastroenteritis that is usually caused by bacteria endemic to local water. Symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea. Diagnosis is mainly clinical. Treatment is with ciprofloxacin or azithromycin, loperamide, and replacement fluids.

Is doxycycline used for diarrhea?

We conclude that doxycycline is safe and efficacious for the prophylaxis of traveler's diarrhea for short-term exposure in a high risk area.

What medicine stops diarrhea fast?

Look for over-the-counter products like Imodium or Pepto-Bismol, which have the ingredients loperamide and bismuth subsalicylate, respectively. The active ingredient in Imodium works swiftly because it slows the movement of fluid through the intestines. This can quickly restore normal bowel function.

Which antibiotic is best for stomach infection?

Your healthcare provider may prescribe specific medications for bacterial and parasitic stomach infections. These prescriptions may include metronidazole, praziquantel, and albendazole for parasites,10 or azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline for bacteria.

How long does it take for diarrhea to clear up after antibiotics?

Treatments to cope with mild antibiotic-associated diarrhea. If you have mild diarrhea, your symptoms likely will clear up within a few days after your antibiotic treatment ends. In some cases your doctor may advise you to stop your antibiotic therapy until your diarrhea subsides.

How to help with diarrhea?

To cope with diarrhea: Drink enough fluids. To counter a mild loss of fluids from diarrhea, drink more water. For a more-severe loss, drink fluids that contain water, sugar and salt. Try broth or fruit juice that isn't high in sugar.

What to do if you have C difficile?

If you develop C. difficile infection, your doctor will likely stop whatever antibiotic you're currently taking, and might prescribe antibiotics specifically targeted to kill the bacteria causing your antibiotic-associated diarrhea. You'll also be asked to stop taking stomach-acid-suppressing drugs. For people with this type of infection, diarrhea ...

How to cope with diarrhea at Mayo Clinic?

To cope with diarrhea until your appointment, you can: Drink more water and other liquids to replace fluids lost because of diarrhea. Eat bland foods and avoid spicy or greasy foods that can aggravate diarrhea. By Mayo Clinic Staff.

What to do if you have diarrhea in infants?

Avoid certain foods. It's a good idea to avoid fa tty and spicy foods while you have diarrhea.

Can I get back to normal diet after diarrhea?

You can usually get back to a normal diet soon after your symptoms resolve. Ask about anti-diarrheal medications. In some cases of mild antibiotic-associated diarrhea , your doctor may recommend anti-diarrheal medications, such as loperamide (Imodium A-D).

Can probiotics help with diarrhea?

People may turn to probiotics — found in foods such as yogurt — with the hope that they can rebalance the healthy bacteria in their digestive tract. But, there's no consensus on whether or not over-the-counter probiotics can help lessen the symptoms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

What to do if you have diarrhea from antibiotics?

These signs and symptoms are common to a number of conditions, so your doctor might recommend tests — such as stool or blood tests — to determine the cause.

How many times a day do you have diarrhea after taking antibiotics?

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea refers to passing loose, watery stools three or more times a day after taking medications used to treat bacterial infections (antibiotics).

What causes diarrhea and cramps?

Clostridium difficile infection. C. difficile is a toxin-producing bacterium that can cause a more serious antibiotic-associated diarrhea. In addition to causing loose stools and more frequent bowel movements, C. difficile infection can cause: Lower abdominal pain and cramping. Low-grade fever.

How long does it take for diarrhea to appear after taking antibiotics?

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is likely to begin about a week after you start taking an antibiotic. Sometimes, however, diarrhea and other symptoms don't appear until days or even weeks after you've finished antibiotic treatment.

Can antibiotics cause diarrhea?

The antibiotics most likely to cause diarrhea. Nearly all antibiotics can cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Antibiotics most commonly involved include: Cephalosporins, such as cefdinir and cefpodoxime. Penicillins, such as amoxicillin and ampicillin.

Can you take antibiotics for a viral infection?

Take antibiotics only when necessary. Don't use antibiotics unless your doctor feels they're necessary. Antibiotics can treat bacterial infections, but they won't help viral infections, such as colds and flu. Ask caregivers to wash their hands.

How long does it take for diarrhea to go away?

Travelers’ diarrhea is self-limiting and generally resolves within five days; however, antibiotic treatment significantly reduces symptom severity and duration of illness. Presently, azithromycin is the preferred first-line antibiotic for the treatment of acute watery diarrhea (single dose 500 mg), as well as for febrile diarrhea and dysentery (single dose 1000 mg). Levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are also options for acute watery diarrhea (single dose 500 mg and 750 mg, respectively) and febrile diarrhea/dysentery in areas with high rates of Shigella (500 mg once for three days [once daily with levofloxacin and twice daily with ciprofloxacin]), but are becoming less effective due to increasing fluoroquinolone resistance, particularly among Campylobacter spp. Another alternate for acute watery diarrhea is rifaximin (200 mg three times per day for three days); however, it should not be used with invasive illness. Use of loperamide in combination with antibiotic treatment is also beneficial as it has been shown to further reduce gastrointestinal symptoms and duration of illness. Due to regional differences in the predominance of pathogens and resistance levels, choice of antibiotic should take travel destination into consideration.

What antibiotics are used for TD?

Antibiotics that were previously effective at treating TD (e.g., trimethoprim-sulfamethoxale) are no longer active against enteropathogens. Presently, the preferred first-line antibiotic is azithromycin with fluoroquinolones (i.e., ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin) as alternative first-line agents ( Table 1 ). In cases with non-invasive diarrheagenic E. coli, rifaximin is also an option. Single-dose regimens of these azithromycin and fluoroquinolones are highly effective, particularly when use with adjunct therapy, and are recommended in recently published guidance. 15, 16

What is the name of the drug that is marketed as Cipro?

Information for healthcare professionals: fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drugs [ciprofloxacin (marketed as Cipro and generic ciprofloxacin) ciprofloxacin extended-release (marketed as Cipro XR and Proquin XR), gemifloxacin (marketed as Factive), levofloxacin (marketed as Levaquin), moxifloxacin (marketed as Avelox), norfloxacin (marketed as Noroxin), and ofloxacin (marketed as Floxin)]

How long does it take for azithromycin to cure?

The effectiveness of azithromycin regimens (single-dose of 1000 mg or 500 mg/day for three days) with levofloxacin (500 mg/day for three days) was also assessed in a randomized, double-blind trial involving military personnel with TD in Thailand, with the outcome being clinical cure at 72 hours. Campylobacter spp. were the predominant etiologic agent (recovered from 64% of subjects, of which 95% was Campylobacter jejuni) followed by non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (17%). The median TLUS was 35 and 45 hours for the single-dose and three-day azithromycin regimens, respectively, compared to 50 hours with levofloxacin (significantly different compared to single-dose azithromycin; p=0.03). The single dose of azithromycin resulted in the highest 72-hour cure rate (96%) followed by 85% with the three-day regimen and 71% with levofloxacin (p=0.001). Furthermore, the microbiological cure rates of Campylobacter spp. infections was 96% and 100% for the azithromycin single-dose and three-day regimen, respectively, compared to only 21% with levofloxacin (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in TLUS between the antibiotic regimen groups with non- Campylobacter spp. infections. These data indicate the effectiveness of azithromycin in treating TD in regions with increasing fluoroquinolone resistance. 10 Prior studies have reported similar effectiveness of azithromycin at decreasing the duration of diarrhea when compared to ciprofloxacin. 25, 26

How does antibiotic choice affect travel?

The choice of antibiotic is dependent upon the predominant etiologic agents in the travel destination, as well as regional antimicrobial resistance rates. 22 It is important to remember that antibiotics are ineffective when the cause of TD is viral (i.e., norovirus, rotavirus, or astrovirus) or protozoan (e.g., Giardia spp.). 1 Moreover, the preference of the traveler may impact the choice of antibiotic. Specifically, travelers may prefer not to use an antibiotic if they had adverse effects with it during a prior course of treatment. The cost of antibiotics (per civilian pharmacy estimates) is another factor. Ciprofloxacin is the least expensive at approximately $19, followed by azithromycin which averages approximately $25–47. Presently, rifaximin is the most expensive at approximately $160 for a three-day regimen. 63

Is azithromycin effective against Campylobacter spp.?

Azithromycin is well-tolerated and has been shown to be effective using a single dose at reducing the duration of TD to less than one day for the majority of patients. It is also significantly more effective against Campylobacter spp. infection s than levofloxacin, so it should be considered the preferred agent in regions where there is high fluoroquinolone resistance, which has been increasing worldwide. In addition, there is a benefit to use of adjunct therapy with loperamide as it does significantly further reduce both symptoms and duration of diarrheal illness.

Is rifaximin safe for E. coli?

Rifaximin is a safe, well-tolerated, non-absorbable antibiotic effective against diarrheagenic E. coli. Due to its reduced efficacy in treating TD caused by invasive pathogens, such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Shigella spp., caution should be applied in regions where these etiologies are common. Importantly, rifaximin is specifically not recommended for use in patients with invasive illness, which includes diarrhea with fever or dysentery. 32 Data indicate that there is an added benefit to use of loperamide with rifaximin therapy.

How to help with diarrhea?

Consider taking probiotics. These microorganisms may help restore a healthy balance to the intestinal tract by boosting the level of good bacteria, though it's not clear if they can help shorten a bout of diarrhea. Probiotics are available in capsule or liquid form and are also added to some foods, such as certain brands of yogurt. Further research is needed to better understand which strains of bacteria are most helpful or what doses are needed.

How to get rid of diarrhea without treatment?

To help you cope with your signs and symptoms until the diarrhea goes away, try to: Drink plenty of clear liquids, including water, broths and juices. Avoid caffeine and alcohol. Add semisolid and low-fiber foods gradually as your bowel movements return to normal.

How long does it take for diarrhea to clear?

Most cases of diarrhea clear on their own within a couple of days without treatment. If you've tried lifestyle changes and home remedies for diarrhea without success, your doctor might recommend medications or other treatments.

What test can help with diarrhea?

Blood test. A complete blood count test can help indicate what's causing your diarrhea. Stool test. Your doctor might recommend a stool test to see if a bacterium or parasite is causing your diarrhea. Flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.

What tests can be done to diagnose diarrhea?

Diagnosis. Your doctor will ask about your medical history, review the medications you take, conduct a physical exam and may order tests to determine what's causing your diarrhea. Possible tests include: Blood test. A complete blood count test can help indicate what's causing your diarrhea. Stool test.

What is the best medication for watery bowels?

Ask about anti-diarrheal medications. Over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medications, such as loperamide and bismuth subsalicylate, might help reduce the number of watery bowel movements and control severe symptoms.

What to drink when you have a swollen thigh?

Drink plenty of liquids, including water, broths and juices. Avoid caffeine and alcohol.

Drugs used to treat Diarrhea

The following list of medications are in some way related to, or used in the treatment of this condition.

Alternative treatments for Diarrhea

The following products are considered to be alternative treatments or natural remedies for Diarrhea. Their efficacy may not have been scientifically tested to the same degree as the drugs listed in the table above. However there may be historical, cultural or anecdotal evidence linking their use to the treatment of Diarrhea.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

What probiotics are used for diarrhea?

Probiotics come in several varieties. The most commonly studied for antibiotic-associated diarrhea are Lactobacillus rhamnosus- based and Saccharomyces boulardii- based probiotics. Probiotics come in capsules, tablets, powders and even liquid form.

How to treat diarrhea?

Beyond the specifics above, good old-fashioned advice for treating diarrhea still applies. Drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration, and use rehydrating beverages high in electrolytes if needed. Avoid alcohol and caffeine if they’re making your diarrhea worse.

Can antibiotics cause stomach pain?

Yet many people suffer from an upset stomach when taking antibiotics. Diarrhea is a common concern. So are abdominal cramping and gas. In the worst cases, long-term antibiotic use can even lead to C. diff, a severe infection that causes colitis, or inflammation in your colon.

Do probiotics help with infections?

It may seem strange: You’re taking antibiotics, so wouldn’t probiotics undo the good your treatment is doing? However, probiotics add helpful bacteria to your digestive system — not the bacteria that cause infections. They don’t have any effect on the antibiotic treatment. They only treat the side effects.

Can you take antibiotics with dairy?

However, if dairy gives you stomach problems, go easy on other dairy foods while taking antibiotics. “People who tend to have more GI (gastrointestinal) symptoms do tend to get more GI side effects while taking antibiotics, at least anecdotally,” Dr. Rabovsky says. “It’s highly individualized.”.

Can probiotics be harmful?

With so many options, be sure to ask your doctor for advice before taking any probiotics, as you should for any type of supplement. Probiotics could possibly be harmful for people with immune deficiencies or those who are severely debilitated.

Can you drink alcohol while taking antibiotics?

Keep in mind alcohol may actually cause severe reactions while you are taking certain antibiotics, so check the label for that information, as well. Eat a more bland diet than you might normally eat. It’s better to use caution than get hit with unpleasant side effects.

What is the best probiotic for diarrhea?

Probiotics that are lactobacillus rhamnosus-based and saccharomyces boulardii-based are usually the most effective for treating diarrhea. You can also get probiotics through fermented foods and drinks like yogurt, kefir, kombucha, kimchi, and sauerkraut. ...

How to stop stomach upset while taking antibiotics?

Avoid foods that usually trigger an upset stomach for you. Trust your own gut. If you know that a certain food or type of food can upset your stomach, don't eat it at all while you are taking antibiotics. Instead, stick to a diet that is blander than usual.

How to get rid of a bacterial infection in the gut?

1. Take a probiotic supplement with your doctor's advice. Antibiotics kill good bacteria in your gut along with the bacteria causing your infection. Taking a probiotic can add some helpful bacteria back into your gut and help regulate your digestion.

How many times a day do you have diarrhea?

Seek medical care if your diarrhea persists. If you have diarrhea more than 5 times a day, a fever, pain in your abdomen, or blood in your stool, these could all be signs of a complication. Call your doctor right away and describe your symptoms.

How to feel better while taking antibiotics?

You can also feel better by eating a bland diet, avoiding dairy, and staying hydrated. Eating well while you are taking antibiotics can get your digestive system back on track and have you feeling better in no time. Steps.

Can you take antibiotics with food?

Take antibiotics with or without food, according to the instructions. Some antibiotics are absorbed better on an empty stomach while some need to be taken with food. Pay careful attention to the instructions that come with your antibiotics. [4]

Can you drink alcohol while taking antibiotics?

Stay away from alcohol and caffeine while taking antibiotics. Caffeine and alcohol can both aggravate diarrhea while you are taking antibiotics. Stick with water and non-caffeinated, non-alcoholic drinks to stay hydrated. [8]

How long does traveler's diarrhea last?

Although most cases of traveler's diarrhea improve spontaneously, 10% of patients may have persistent diarrhea for several weeks to months. Here, parasitic infections, the most common of which is Giardia, should be considered [17].

What are the causes of diarrhea in Korea?

Korea has a surveillance system on gastrointestinal infections characterized by vomiting and diarrhea at 196 surveillance institutions including tertiary hospitals, hospitals with more than 200 beds, and public hospitals. Of the 15,717 pathogens isolated in 2017, 9,276 cases were viral (59.0%), most of which were caused by norovirus and rotavirus, and 6,373 were bacterial (40.5%) caused by Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens, and Campylobacter; 68 were caused by protozoa (0.4%), most of which were caused by Giardia lamblia[1]. In the United States, food-borne outbreaks were caused by norovirus in most cases, followed by Salmonella, between 2009 and 2015 [2]. Enteric fever includes typhoid fever caused by Salmonella entericasubspecies entericaserovar Typhi (Salmonella typhi) and paratyphoid fever caused by Salmonella entericasubspecies entericaserovar Paratyphi (Salmonella paratyphi) A, B, and C. Enteric fever is most common in Central Asia and South East Asia, and is also observed in other Asian countries, Africa, Latin America, and Oceania [3]. The most common serotype of Salmonellain Korea between 1998 and 2007 were Salmonella typhi, Salmonella enterica subspecies entericaserovar Enteritidis (Salmonella nteritidis), and Salmonella entericasubspecies entericaserovar Typhimurium (Salmonella typhimurium) [4]. Salmonellacauses food- or water-borne gastroenteritis in Korea. Although its incidence is on a decreasing trend, typhoid fever introduced from other countries has increased owing to increases in travels to other countries and foreign nationals living in Korea [5].

What causes diarrhea after eating uncooked meat?

Since possible pathogens can be estimated based on epidemiological characteristics in patients with suspected acute infectious diarrhea (Table 2), food consumption (undercooked meat, eggs, shellfish, and milk), consumption of unsterilized water, contact with pets, contact with other infected individuals, history of stay at group facility, travel history, underlying diseases, sexual history, and occupation should be confirmed. Vibriospp. and norovirus are common causes of diarrhea after consumption of uncooked seafood or shellfish, and diarrhea after consumption of uncooked meat or poultry may be caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli(STEC) (beef), C. perfringens(beef and poultry), Salmonella(poultry), Campylobacter(poultry), Yersinia(pork and pork intestine), Staphylococcus aureus(poultry). When patients consumed unpasteurized milk, their diarrhea may be accountable to Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia enterocolitica, S. aureustoxin, Cryptosporidium, or STEC, and Salmonellaor Shigellacontamination is common in eggs. Water can cause infectious diseases directly through consumption or indirectly through contamination of food or dishes [2]. Consumption of unsterilized water may lead to Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Shigella, Salmonella, or STEC infection, and Cryptosporidiumor other water-borne infections are possible after swimming at pools. In Korea, there was an outbreak of acute diarrhea in 67 patients that used a pool in 2008; in six patients with severe diarrhea, norovirus was identified in three patients. Since norovirus with a similar RNA sequence was also detected in samples of groundwater, the outbreak was reported to have been caused by contaminated groundwater [6]. Diarrhea in prisons can be accounted for by norovirus, C. difficile, Shigella, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Salmonella, STEC, and rotavirus, and diarrhea in childcare services may have been caused by rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Shigella, or STEC. C. difficilemay be accountable if the patient has recent history of antibiotic use. Infectious diarrhea is caused by different common bacteria in patients of different ages; for infants of 6 - 18 months, rotavirus is common, whereas nontyphoidal Salmonellais common for patients younger than 3 months or patients older than 50 with atherosclerosis. Shigellashould be considered first for patients aged 1 - 7 years, and Campylobactershould be considered for young adults. Traveler's diarrhea is a common disease associated with travelling and is observed in 30 - 70% of travelers depending on the area and season; it is most commonly caused by E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella, and Salmonella. South East Asia, Central Asia, India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America are high-risk areas of traveler's diarrhea.

How many cases of rotavirus in 2017?

Of the 15,717 pathogens isolated in 2017, 9,276 cases were viral (59.0%), most of which were caused by norovirus and rotavirus, and 6,373 were bacterial (40.5%) caused by Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens, and Campylobacter; 68 were caused by protozoa (0.4%), most of which were caused by Giardia lamblia[1].

Is diarrhea a microorganism?

When diarrhea is caused by a source of infection and is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, it is referred to as infectious diarrhea. However, the microorganism causing the infection is rarely confirmed in clinic. Diarrhea is defined as acute if it lasts for 14 days or less, which is the case for most infectious diarrhea. In patient samples collected through ‘Sentinels in acute infectious diarrhea surveillance’ in Korea conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), bacterial pathogens were isolated from 11.5 - 23.7% of samples between 2012 and 2016. In 2017, bacteria tested in the surveillance project (Salmonellaspp., Escherichia coli, Shigellaspp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacterspp., Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes,and Yersinia enterocolitica) were isolated in 1,376 of 9,344 samples collected at 70 participating institutions, thus at a rate of 14.7%, which showed that bacteria do not account for a high number of cases of acute diarrhea. In general, acute gastroenteritis improves spontaneously and does not require antibiotic treatment. Inappropriate use of antibiotics may cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea or other complications and may also lead to antibiotic resistance in the long term. Although the Korean Society for Antimicrobial Therapy published ‘Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal infections' in 2010, updates are required to reflect recent changes. Therefore, this guideline was developed in order to provide clinical recommendations based on the newest evidence on empirical antibiotic therapy for suspected acute gastroenteritis, which is commonly seen in clinic, and on targeted antibiotic treatment for cases with confirmed bacterial growth, with an ultimate aim to decrease antibiotic misuse and to prevent the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.

When was the Korean guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal infections published?

Although the Korean Society for Antimicrobial Therapy published ‘Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal infections' in 2010, updates are required to reflect recent changes.

Is fluoroquinolone resistant to campylobacter?

Fluoroquinolone resistance of Campylobacterhas also been reported to be high in Mexico (56%) and Thailand (>92%) [64,65]. Considering these, macrolides including azithromycin may be considered for empirical antibiotic therapy in areas where Campylobacteris common and has high resistance to fluoroquinolone.

Overview

• To diagnose antibiotic-associated diarrhea, your doctor is likely to question you about your health history, including whether you've had recent antibiotic treatments. If your doctor suspects that you have C. difficile infection, a sample of your stool would be tested for the bacterium.

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Symptoms

Causes

Risk Factors

• Antibiotic-associated diarrhea refers to passing loose, watery stools three or more times a day after taking medications used to treat bacterial infections (antibiotics). About 1 in 5 people who take antibiotics develop antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Most often, antibiotic-associated diarrhea is mild and requires no treatment. The diarrhea typical...

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Complications

Prevention