when is soybean seed treatment trials

Seed treatment effect on soybean yield

	St. Clair	Sanilac	Average
	Yield (bu/A)	Yield (bu/A)	Yield (bu/A)
Treated	46.0	54.4	50.2
Untreated	45.4	54.5	50.0
CV (%)	8.0	5.0	--

Jun 1 2022

Full Answer

What is the best fungicide/nematicide seed treatment for soybean?

The fungicide/nematicide seed treatment ILeVO (active ingredient fluopyram) has shown benefits for protection of soybean seedlings from SDS and also for activity against SCN.

What are the top pathogens reducing soybean yield?

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) and sudden death syndrome (SDS) are the top two pathogens reducing soybean yield. The seed treatment ILeVO™, when applied at the high rate, is labelled for control of both pathogens.

What causes sudden death syndrome in soybeans?

Sudden death syndrome (SDS) is caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium virguliforme entering plants through the root system and results in defoliation and premature plant death. Additionally, SDS symptoms can increase in severity when soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is present.

What is the break-even price of soybean for Ilevo?

The y-axis represents the break-even price of soybean for ILeVO assuming ILeVO costs $14 per acre. If you expect SDS 20% of the years and the best-case scenario, the break-even price of soybean is about $6.50 per bushel.

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How long does soybean seed treatment last?

Under those conditions, treated soybeans' germination rates only dropped from their starting range of 95% to 98% to just 92% after 20 months. In a warm, but dry storage unit -- 77 degrees and 30% relative humidity -- germination rates of treated seed dropped to 89%.

Do soybean seed treatments pay?

University of Wisconsin research shows that using seed treatments on soybeans offers a fairly high probability of payback, especially when soybean prices are at least $9/bu. and/or average yields are in the mid to high range.

What is the planting date for soybeans?

Small plot research trials were conducted between 2018 and 2021 using three to four planting dates ranging from late-April to late-June. Results from these studies show that optimal soybean planting is during or before mid-May (Figure 2).

Should I treat my soybeans?

Even with resistant soybean varieties, we recommend a fungicide seed treatment as fields with Phytophthora also favor Pythium. Sudden Death Syndrome: In fields with a history of Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS), soybean producers should consider using the soybean fungicide treatment ILeVO®.

How much does a soybean seed cost?

Typical seed costs on a per acre basis can vary between $40 to $70 for corn and $25 to $50 for soybean, depending on the desired plant population, variety/seed lot, seed quality and seed cost per bag.

How deep do you plant soybeans?

While the ISU Extension and Outreach publication Soybean Growth and Development (PM 1945) notes that soybean should be planted at 1 to 1.5 inches deep and no deeper than 2 inches for maximum yield potential, soybean planting depth should be field specific and based on soil conditions at the time of planting.

Can you plant soybeans in May?

Soybean maturity Planting very full-season varieties (+0.5 maturity group (MG)) tends to produce greater overall yields, but only when planted by the first week of May. By mid-May, any yield advantage of longer-than-adapted varieties is lost.

How many soybean seeds do you plant per acre?

Looking at the data set as well as some separate individual trials, Nelson says the research recommendation for soybean seeding rates are between 130,000 and 140,000 seeds per acre.

How long does it take for soybeans to mature?

Harvesting Soybeans For green shell beans, harvest soybeans when pods are green, full, and plump, usually 2 to 3 inches (5-7cm) long, about half mature. Soybeans for shelling and fresh use are ready for harvest 45 to 65 days after sowing. Dry soybeans require 100 or more days to reach harvest.

How do you treat soybean seeds?

Three active ingredients are available as soybean seed treatments; imidacloprid (Acceleron brand), clothianidin (Poncho) and thiamethoxam (Cruiser brands). Neonicotinoids have high water solubility and xylem systemic movement, which makes them great products to use as seed treatments.

Do soybean fungicides pay?

Ulla, N.C., grower and regional agronomist for the North Carolina Department of Agriculture, says tests on his farm indicate use of fungicides on soybeans can pay.

How do you treat seeds?

Seeds are coated in a brightly dyed dust, mist, or clay. The bright color warns that the seed is treated with pesticides. The treatment controls fungus, which can spread disease, reduce yield, and reduce crop quality. Some seed may be treated with an insecticide to control insects that may feed upon seedlings.

How much did soybean seed treatments increase yield?

The base seed treatments increased soybean yields at nine of the 29 locations with the yield increases ranging from 1.2 to 10 bushels per acre. However, the seed treatments were profitable at only five of the locations. When all 29 sites were combined, the seed treatment increased yields by 1.3 bushels per acre. This is slightly less than the 1.5 bushels per acre required to recover the cost of a basic fungicide plus insecticide seed treatment costing $14 per acre. The base seed treatments also increased final plant stands by 4,500 plants per acre when all sites were combined.

What is the purpose of the third on-farm research project evaluating seed treatments?

The purpose of the third on-farm research project evaluating seed treatments was to provide an opportunity for cooperators to evaluate the performance of the base seed treatment of their choice on their farms in 2017, 2018 and 2019. This trial compared two treatments (a base seed treatment including multiple fungicides plus an insecticide versus untreated seed from the same seed lot).

Does Clariva Pn suppress soybean cysts?

The goals were to determine how the product affected soybean cyst nematode population development and soybean yields. The Clariva pn did not suppress soybean cyst nematode development at the four locations infested with soybean cyst nematodes and it did not increase soybean yields in any of the seven trial locations.

Does Ilevo help with soybean cysts?

ILeVO seed treatment is marketed as having activity on sudden death syndrome and soybean cyst nematode, both of which are increasing in Michigan. ILeVO was tested in 19 trials conducted from 2016 to 2018. Like Clariva pn, ILeVO is not marketed as a stand-alone seed treatment, so we compared a base fungicide/insecticide seed treatment with and without ILeVO at all locations. When all 19 sites were combined, the ILeVO increased soybean yields by 1.9 bushels per acre despite very low levels of above-ground symptoms of sudden death syndrome in any of the trials. Again, like Clariva pn, ILeVO did not significantly suppress soybean cyst nematode development.

Where is Pioneer Premium Seed Treatment applied?

Pioneer Premium Seed Treatment for soybeans is applied at Pioneer production facility or by an independent sales representative of Pioneer. Not all sales representatives offer treatment services, and costs and other charges may vary. See your Pioneer sales representative for details. Seed treatment offering is exclusive to Pioneer and its affiliates.

How much grain yield does Ilevo increase?

In moderate SDS environments the addition of ILeVO fungicide increased grain yield 4.5 bu/acre over the FST + IST check.

In a Nutshell

Alec Amundson, Sam Bennett and Steve Saltzman wondered if fungicide seed treatments might be more necessary for their early-planted soybeans than neonicotinoid seed treatments. The objective of their research was to compare the effects of fungicide and neonic insecticide soybean seed treatments on soybean plant populations, yield and profitability.

Key Findings

Soybean yields and populations between treatments at each site were statistically similar. Bennett saved $10.00/ac by eliminating nematicide and insecticide from his seed treatment, and Saltzman saved $3.00/ac.

Background

Neonicotinoid seed treatments (“neonics”) are widely used to protect soybean seedlings against a broad range of insect pests up to four weeks after planting. Because neonics are relatively inexpensive, they are commonly applied in a preventive manner without first scouting to confirm the presence of target insect pests.

Methods

To determine the value of neonicotinoid seed treatments, the cooperators compared plant populations and yields of soybeans between the following treatments:

Results and Discussion

At Amundson’s, soybean plant populations at three weeks after planting soybeans were statistically similar ( Table 2 ). Unfortunately, a late spring freeze that occurred just after his first sampling date killed Amundson’s beans and prevented him from collecting all other trial data.

Conclusions and Next Steps

The combined results of Amundson’s, Bennett’s and Saltzman’s data provide evidence that neonicotinoid seed treatments may not be necessary in early-planted soybeans. Likewise, Bennett’s data showed the addition of nematicide to his typical fungicide-insecticide seed treatment provided no benefit to soybean populations or yield.

Appendix-Trial Design and Weather Conditions

FIGURE A1. Sample of experimental designs at Amundson’s and Bennett’s (left) and Saltzman’s (right). Each trial consisted of four or more replications of each treatment. This design allows for statistical analysis of the data.

Does nematicide reduce SCN?

For nematicide seed treatment trial, products did not significantly reduce SCN populations or increase yield, however, the susceptible variety had a high end of season SCN population relative to the resistant variety.

Is fungicide approved in South Dakota?

Fungicide and nematicide products used in these trials were approved for use in the state of South Dakota although in some instances experimental products were used within the restricted use guidelines. Some of the protocols followed in these experiments involved altered rates and application timing for experimental purposes and, therefore, should not be taken as recommendations. Producers should always read and follow product label application protocols such as product use, application method, handling, pre-harvest, re-entry intervals and all other safety guidelines.

Who supported the Missouri soybean research?

This on-farm research was supported by the Missouri Soybean Merchandizing Council (award No. 17-408) and University of Missouri Extension. This on-farm research was only possible with the cooperation of Missouri Soybean farmers who volunteered to implement trials on their fields and the Regional MU Extension faculty that supported them.

What is Ilevo seed treatment?

ILeVO is a seed treatment that is labelled to decrease the incidence of sudden death syndrome (SDS) and to reduce the occurrence of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) numbers in the soil.

How many strips of Ilevo seed are in each field?

Each farmer chooses the variety of soybean to be planted. Each field is laid out with a minimum of five strips of ILeVO treated seed and five strips of seed not treated with ILeVO.

How many bushels per acre is a 50% chance of yield?

On farms with SDS confirmed in the field (n=4) there was a 50% chance of yield >3.5 bushels per acre.

Does Ilevo reduce SCN?

There was evidence that the high ILeVO rate reduced the SCN reproductive factor; the effect of ILeVO was greater at locations with higher SCN reproduction.

Does Ilevo pay on fields with a significant expectation of SDS?

If there is no expectation of a big yield benefit from ILeVO, then ILeVO only pays on fields with a significant expectation of SDS.

in A Nutshell

Key Findings

Background

• Neonicotinoid seed treatments (“neonics”) are widely used to protect soybean seedlings against a broad range of insect pests up to four weeks after planting. Because neonics are relatively inexpensive, they are commonly applied in a preventive manner without first scouting to confirm the presence of target insect pests. Research has consistently sh...

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Methods

Results and Discussion

Conclusions and Next Steps

References