What is the most common pharmacotherapy strategy for drug abuse?
Jan 17, 2019 · Drug addiction is a chronic disease characterized by compulsive, or uncontrollable, drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences and changes in the brain, which can be long-lasting. These changes in the brain can lead to the harmful behaviors seen in people who use drugs. Drug addiction is also a relapsing disease.
What medications are being developed to treat drug addiction?
Long-term residential treatment provides care 24 hours a day, generally in non-hospital settings. The best-known residential treatment model is the therapeutic community (TC), with planned lengths of stay of between 6 and 12 months. TCs focus on the "resocialization" of the individual and use the program’s entire community—including other ...
Is treatment effective at reducing drug use and criminal behavior?
The Therapeutic Workplace, developed by Silverman and colleagues (Silverman et al. 2001, 2002) is another example of a CM treatment approach that directly targets engagement in drug-free activities. In one series of studies, substance-abusing pregnant and postpartum women were able to earn a livable wage by working and/or acquiring job skills related to data entry.
What is outpatient drug rehabilitation?
The physiologic properties of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) make it a potent candidate drug target in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GLP-1 is capable of regulating the …
What are some types of drug therapy?
Drug TherapiesMethods to Administer Drugs.Chemotherapy.Drug Therapies.Biosimilars.Watch and Wait.Radiation Therapy.Immunotherapy.Vaccine Therapy.More items...
What are the three levels of drug prevention?
Based on a public health model, three types of strategies to prevent drug abuse can be discerned: primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
What is the cap control theory?
The CAP theory of drug abuse emphasizes the interaction of cognitive-affective-pharmacogenic effects of drug taking. The belief that one is powerless to affect the environment and cope with stress plays a central role in the theory.
What is considered a drug therapy?
Treatment with any substance, other than food, that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition.
What are examples of tertiary prevention?
Tertiary prevention aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects....Examples include:cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, chronic disease management programs (e.g. for diabetes, arthritis, depression, etc.)support groups that allow members to share strategies for living well.More items...
What is primary drug prevention?
Primary prevention involves helping at-risk individuals avoid the development of addictive behaviors. Secondary prevention consists of uncovering potentially harmful substance use prior to the onset of overt symptoms or problems.
What is the sociological theory of drug use?
For our purposes, sociological theories understand substance abuse as a societal phenomenon, having largely cultural, social, and economic origins or ties. Such causes are often external to the individual, i.e., they are not biological, genetic or psychological traits possessed by them.
What are the theories of drugs?
These theories are: social learning theory, social control theory, strain theory, cognitive transformation theory, life course theory, the social development model, rational choice theories, community-level theories, personality theories, cognitive-behavioral theory, and biosocial theories.Sep 26, 2015
How does behaviorism explain drug use?
Behaviorists reject the prevalent neuroscientific notion that drugs themselves are responsible for the development of addiction, and see addiction not primarily as a “brain disease,” but as a behavioral disorder that cannot be separated from the prevailing and historical contingencies of reinforcement.
What is the therapeutic medical use of drugs for?
The purpose of using drugs is to relieve symptoms, treat infection, reduce the risk of future disease, and destroy selected cells such as in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer. The best treatment, however, may not require a drug at all.
What is the use of therapeutic treatments?
therapeutics, treatment and care of a patient for the purpose of both preventing and combating disease or alleviating pain or injury.
What does therapeutic use mean?
therapeutic use means the attempt to cure, improve, mitigate, treat and/or prevent disease and/or other conditions in humans.
What is behavioral therapy?
Behavioral therapy. Behavioral therapy is a focused, action-oriented approach to mental health treatment. According to behavioral theory, certain behaviors develop from things you learned in your past. Some of these behaviors might affect your life negatively or cause distress.
What is psychodynamic therapy?
Psychodynamic therapy. Psychodynamic therapy developed from psychoanalysis, a long-term approach to mental health treatment. In psychoanalysis, you can expect to talk about anything on your mind to uncover patterns in thoughts or behavior that might be contributing to distress.
What is the difference between CBT and DBT?
There are also some subtypes of CBT, such as: Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT). DBT uses CBT skills, but it prioritizes acceptance and emotional regulation. You can expect to work on developing skills to cope with distressing or challenging situations.
What is CBT practice?
CBT often involves homework or practice outside the therapy session. For example, you might keep track of negative thoughts or things that trouble you between sessions in a journal. This practice helps to reinforce what you learn in therapy and apply your new skills to everyday situations.
What is rational emotive therapy?
Rational emotive therapy. This approach helps you learn how to challenge irrational beliefs that contribute to emotional distress or other issues. The idea behind rational emotive therapy is that replacing irrational thoughts with more rational ones can improve your well-being. What it’s good for.
What is humanistic therapy?
Humanistic therapy is an approach that looks at how your worldview affects the choices you make, especially choices that cause distress. It’s based on the belief that you’re the best person to understand your experiences and needs.
What is Gestalt therapy?
Gestalt therapy focuses on the present moment and often involves role-playing or acting out scenarios with movement or visualization.
What is a clinical problem?
A common clinical problem occurs when an important behavior, although in the client's repertoire, is emitted at an inappropriate frequency. For example, a shy person may interact with others, but only rarely. Alternatively, a person might complain about minor health problems constantly, but rarely talk about other topics. In such situations, it may be that there is an inappropriate schedule of reinforcement supporting the inappropriate frequency of the target behavior. Alternatively, the schedule of reinforcement for other behaviors may be inappropriate. For example, perhaps the schedule of reinforcement maintaining healthy behavior is too weak, resulting in higher rates of unhealthy behavior.
What is operant based intervention?
Many interventions are based on operant models of psychopathology. Operant-based interventions are exemplified by identifying reinforcers; teaching new behaviors; increasing existing adaptive behaviors with reinforcement including concurrent schedules of reinforcement; decreasing undesirable behaviors with reinforcement of other behavior, punishment, and extinction; and manipulating motivating operations for reinforcers and punishers.
Why are monetary incentives provided to 18 adults with serious mental illnesses?
schizophrenia) to promote abstinence from marijuana use. Marijuana use was lower when monetary incentives were provided dependent on negative urinalysis tests.
What is contingency management intervention?
The fundamental objective of a contingency management intervention is to alter an individual's behaviour through the systematic application of reinforcement or punishment, contingent upon the performance of a desired behaviour (Burdon, Roll, Prendergast, & Rawson, 2001). A reinforcement event is delivered contingent upon the performance of a specific behaviour, with the intention of increasing the frequency of that behaviour. Contingency management systems include token economy, contingency contracting, shaping, positive reinforcement, and response cost. Positive reinforcement of prosocial and positive behaviour (e.g., punctuality, participation, completion of program tasks) is rarely used in correctional settings (Burdon, Prendergast, Eisen, & Messina, 2003). Positive reinforcement is the delivery of some form of reward upon the performance of a desired behaviour which results in an increased frequency of that behaviour. Instead, most treatment programs tend to dispense disciplinary actions against inmates who violate institutional or program rules.
What is contingency management?
Contingency management in the treatment of drug and alcohol abuse has been found to be successful in various populations. This includes adolescents (Corby, Roll, Ledgerwood, & Schuster, 2000; Kamon, Budney, & Stanger, 2005), women (Svikis, Lee, Haug, & Stitzer, 1997), and in particular, pregnant women (Elk, Mangus, Rhoades, Andres, & Grabowski, 1998; Jones, Haug, Silverman, Stitzer, & Svikis, 2001). Most of the contingency management programs currently in use to treat substance abuse rely on reinforcement rather than punishment due to the likelihood of treatment attrition if participants are punished (Burdon et al., 2001). Positive reinforcers tend to be more efficacious in retaining clients in treatment than negative reinforcers (Petry, 2000). Incentives utilize the same behavioural processes of reinforcement to foster recovery which play a role in drug dependence and abuse (Higgins, Alessi, & Dantona, 2002). For instance, cocaine use is an operant behaviour that delivers positive reinforcing effects (Higgins, 1997). Therefore by increasing the availability of alternative non-drug reinforcers, cocaine use and abuse can be significantly reduced. The efficacy of various types of reinforcers have been tested and compared, from goods and services to monetary vouchers and prizes. Typically drug or alcohol consumption is used as the target behaviour, although treatment attendance and activities have also been examined. Incentive programs have been successful in both decreasing maladaptive behaviour and increasing productive behaviour.
What is the application of an offender management strategy?
The application of an offender management strategy, specifically in terms of engagement in correctional plans, through the use of differential incentives, is hampered by the lack of empirical, or even qualitative, understanding of what might be motivating for different offenders.
Is behavioural management complex?
It is clear that the development of behavioural management strategies is complex in that only a minority of offenders commit serious misconducts and that issues of fairness are often compromised when broad-based discipline strategies are attempted.