Which patient has a platelet count of 7000/mm 3?
· Having elevated platelet counts can be associated with cancer. One study reported that about 11% of men with high platelets and about 6% of women with high platelets had cancer. 7. Remember that the majority of elevated platelet counts are caused by a reactive process, such as infection or inflammation.
What is the treatment for an elevated platelet count?
· There are several causes for an elevated platelet count in the blood. Bone marrow disorders may cause thrombocytosis by producing too many platelets. Platelets are important in blood clotting, but too many of them can lead to life-threatening clots in the body, suggests Mayo Clinic. Another form of thrombocytosis is a reaction to certain ...
What should my platelet count be to stop bleeding?
· A normal platelet count range is 150,000 - 400,000 per mm3 of blood (some providers prefer an upper range of 450,000 per mm3). During treatment, your platelet count may drop. Your platelet count will be checked with blood tests as needed. Any time your platelet count drops below 50,000 per mm3, you are at increased risk for bleeding.
What does a patient with a low platelet count ask?
A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma develops a platelet count of 18,000/µl during chemotherapy. An appropriate nursing intervention for the patient based on this finding is to a. provide oral hygiene every 2 hours. b. check all stools for occult blood. c. check the temperature every 4 hours. d. encourage fluids to 3000 mL/day.
What can you do for low platelets?
If your platelet level becomes too low, your doctor can replace lost blood with transfusions of packed red blood cells or platelets. Medications. If your condition is related to an immune system problem, your doctor might prescribe drugs to boost your platelet count. The first-choice drug might be a corticosteroid.
What does a platelet count of 70000 mean?
When the platelet count drops to 50,000 to 75,000 per cubic millimetre, and particularly to 10,000 to 20,000 per cubic millimetre, spontaneous bleeding may occur. Thrombocytopenia is associated with blood diseases such as aplastic anemia and leukemia and is attributed to impaired production of platelets.
Which nursing intervention would be appropriate in the care of a patient diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenic purpura?
Life-threatening bleeding requires conventional critical care interventions; in the patient with known ITP, high-dose parenteral glucocorticoids and IV immunoglobulin (IVIg), with or without platelet transfusions, are appropriate.
When do you admit for low platelets?
In their discussion, the authors suggest that children with a very low platelet count (less than 5·109/L) or significant mucosal bleeding, or families where geographic location and community resources may hinder obtaining urgent care should be admitted.
What happens if platelets are 80000?
The risk of bleeding increases as the platelet count drops, but bleeding problems are unlikely unless the count is less than 80,000-100,000 platelets per μl. The following platelet counts carry the risk of serious bleeding: Between 20,000 and 50,000 per μl: There is more risk of bleeding when injured.
How do you raise low platelets?
8 Things That Can Increase Your Blood Platelet CountEating more leafy greens. ... Eating more fatty fish. ... Increasing folate consumption. ... Avoiding alcohol. ... Eating more citrus. ... Consuming more iron-rich foods. ... Trying a chlorophyll supplement. ... Avoiding vitamin E and fish oil supplements.
What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a client with inadequate production of platelets?
Thrombocytopenia is a medical condition characterized by low levels of platelets in the blood. It can happen because of reduced production of platelets in the bone marrow, destruction of platelets, or dilution of platelets in the bloodstream.
What drug is used to increase platelet count?
Medications such as romiplostim (Nplate) and eltrombopag (Promacta) help your bone marrow produce more platelets. These types of drugs can increase your risk of blood clots.
What are the nursing considerations for protecting patients with thrombocytopenia?
Test the patient's stool, urine, and vomit for blood. Avoid administering aspirin and other drugs that affect platelet function. Advise the patient to avoid straining during coughing or bowel movements; administer stool softeners. Administer platelet transfusions as ordered and monitor for adverse reactions.
What happens if platelets below 10000?
Dangerous internal bleeding can occur when your platelet count falls below 10,000 platelets per microliter. Though rare, severe thrombocytopenia can cause bleeding into the brain, which can be fatal.
What is considered critical low platelet count?
What is a low platelet count? A count lower than 150,000 platelets per microlitre of blood is considered to be thrombocytopenia, which means a lower than normal platelet count. Below 50,000 is a seriously low platelet count. Below 10,000 is considered severe thrombocytopenia, with a risk of internal bleeding.
How is platelet transfusion done?
A platelet transfusion is when you are given platelets from carefully screened donors. Sometimes this is called a platelet infusion. You will be given platelets by a drip into one of your veins. This increases the number of platelets in your blood.
What does the nurse anticipate after reviewing a patient's hemoglobin electrophoresis report?
After reviewing a patient's hemoglobin electrophoresis reports, the nurse anticipates a diagnosis of sickle cell disease. Which data supports the nurse's suspicion? Select all that apply.
What does it mean when a nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease?
On reviewing the patient's laboratory results, the nurse finds that the red blood cell (RBC) count is greatly reduced.
Where are platelets produced?
Platelets are produced in the bone marrow. Each platelet has a life span of 1 to 2 weeks. Chronologically arrange the events involved in bone marrow aspiration chronologically. Bone marrow aspiration is performed if the hematological assessment is inappropriate in general blood tests.
What is the role of a nurse in anemia?
The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of a patient with anemia. How does the nurse obtain information about the patient's diet?
How long does it take for a blood sample to be prothrombin?
The prothrombin time (PT) of a patient's blood sample is 14 seconds . What does the nurse interpret from this lab result?
Which erythrocytes mature into erythrocytes?
The orthochromatic erythroblast then forms from the polychromatic erythroblast. The orthochromatic erythroblast then forms the reticulocyte, which matures into erythrocytes in the body.
What is the treatment for elevated platelet count?
Doctors treat an elevated platelet count, called thrombocytosis, by targeting its root cause. Thrombocytosis can result from a blood or bone marrow disease, which can overproduce and elevate the amount of platelets in the blood, states Mayo Clinic. There are several causes for an elevated platelet count in the blood.
Why is my platelet count high?
There are several causes for an elevated platelet count in the blood. Bone marrow disorders may cause thrombocytosis by producing too many platelets. Platelets are important in blood clotting, but too many of them can lead to life-threatening clots in the body, suggests Mayo Clinic.
Can you take aspirin without a spleen?
Some patients without spleens suffer from continuous thrombocytosis. In those cases, doctors can prescribe aspirin to curtail bleeding and clotting, notes Mayo Clinic. Surgery or an injury that involved blood loss may result in an elevated platelet count for a short amount of time.
What causes thrombocytosis in the kidney?
Another form of thrombocytosis is a reaction to certain problems in the body. Surgery, infections, chronic kidney failure and cancer can all lead to reactive thrombocytosis. Spleen removal is also a large factor in an elevated platelet count. Some patients without spleens suffer from continuous thrombocytosis.
Can thrombocytosis cause high platelet count?
However, other disorders might result in a consistent ly high platelet count. Overall, doctors treat the cause of the thrombocytosis, whether it is a bone marrow disorder or another issue. Treating the cause of the thrombocytosis makes the elevated platelet count decrease on its own, states Mayo Clinic. ADVERTISEMENT.
What happens if your platelet count drops below 50,000?
Any time your platelet count drops below 50,000 per mm3, you are considered to be at increased risk for bleeding. If your platelet count drops below 10,000 per mm3 (may vary depending on your situation), you may require a transfusion of platelets.
What is low platelet count?
Low Platelet Count (Thrombocytopenia) Platelets are tiny blood cells that help your body clot and stop bleeding. Thrombocytopenia is the term used when your platelet level is low. Radiation therapy, certain chemotherapy medications, and some cancers themselves can damage platelets and lead to thrombocytopenia.
What to do if you have a bleeding injury?
If you have a major injury or start bleeding at random, go immediately to the nearest hospital emergency room. Make sure you inform the provider that you are being treated for cancer and that your platelet count may be low.
How to protect your feet from low platelets?
Wear shoes or slippers at all times to protect your feet . Do not wear tight-fitting clothing. Consult with your care team on the safety of sexual activity as it relates to your low platelet count. Talk with your healthcare providers if you have specific sexual practices that you are concerned about.
How to know if your platelet count is low?
Taking prompt action at the first signs of a low platelet count is essential as it may help to prevent a bleeding episode. The signs and symptoms of a low platelet count are: A lot of bruising on your skin. Tiny, pinpoint red spots on your skin called petechiae. Bleeding gums.
Can you prevent thrombocytopenia from chemo?
Since platelets are at times destroyed as a side effect of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, there is nothing that you can do to prevent thrombocytopenia from occurring. However, there are several things that you can do to reduce your risk of injury when your platelets are low: Taking prompt action at the first signs of a low platelet count is ...
What is the normal platelet count for radiation?
A normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 - 400,000 per mm3 of blood (some institutions prefer an upper range of 450,000 per mm3). While receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy, your platelet count may drop. Your platelet count will be checked through a blood test during the course of your treatments. Any time your platelet count drops below 50,000 per mm3, you are considered to be at increased risk for bleeding. If your platelet count drops below 10,000 per mm3 (may vary depending on your situation), you may require a transfusion of platelets.
What to do if your platelet count is low?
If your platelet level becomes too low, your doctor can replace lost blood with transfusions of packed red blood cells or platelets. Medications. If your condition is related to an immune system problem, your doctor might prescribe drugs to boost your platelet count. The first-choice drug might be a corticosteroid.
What to do if you have thrombocytopenia?
If your thrombocytopenia is caused by an underlying condition or a medication, addressing that cause might cure it. For example, if you have heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, your doctor can prescribe a different blood-thinning drug. Other treatments might involve: Blood or platelet transfusions. If your platelet level becomes too low, your doctor ...
What to do when you have a bruising appointment?
What you can do. When you make the appointment, ask if there's anything you need to do in advance, such as restrict your diet. Make a list of: Warning signs you've noticed, such as any unusual bruising or bleeding or any rashes, and when they began.
What is a complete blood count?
Blood test. A complete blood count determines the number of blood cells, including platelets, in a sample of your blood.
How long does thrombocytopenia last?
Thrombocytopenia can last for days or years. People with mild thrombocytopenia might not need treatment. For people who do need treatment for thrombocytopenia, treatment depends on its cause and how severe it is. If your thrombocytopenia is caused by an underlying condition or a medication, addressing that cause might cure it.
Does alcohol affect platelets?
Alcohol slows the production of platelets in your body. Ask your doctor whether it's OK for you to drink alcohol. Use caution with over-the-counter medications. Over-the-counter pain medications, such as aspirin and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) can prevent platelets from working properly.
What does a nurse do when assessing a patient with hemolytic anemia?
During the admission assessment of a patient with hemolytic anemia, the nurse notes jaundice of the sclerae. The nurse will plan to check the laboratory results for
What does a complete blood count indicate?
A routine complete blood count indicates that a patient may have myelodysplastic syndrome. At this time, the nurse will plan to teach the patient about
What type of patient has severe pain and swelling in the right knee?
A patient with type A hemophilia has been admitted to the hospital with severe pain and swelling in the right knee. During the initial care of the patient, the nurse should
What happens when a patient receives methotrexate?
A patient who is receiving methotrexate develops a megaloblastic anemia. The nurse will anticipate teaching the patient about increasing oral intake of
Can von Willebrand disease be admitted to the hospital?
A patient with von Willebrand disease is admitted to the hospital for minor knee surgery. The nurse will review the coagulation survey to check the
What is the term used for when blood cell counts are the lowest after chemotherapy?
Nadir is the term used for when blood cell counts are the lowest after chemotherapy. Bone marrow suppression is the effect of chemotherapy on cells in the bone marrow, and it can impact all of the blood-forming cells. Thrombocytopenia refers to a low platelet (or thrombocyte) count. Neutropenia is specific to white blood cells or neutrophils.
What is the nurse's role in rituximab?
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving rituximab for treatment of lymphoma. During the infusion, it is essential for the nurse to observe for which side effect?
What is the lowest point of bone marrow function?
The lowest point of bone marrow function is referred to as the nadir; risk for infection is highest during this phase. The peak of bone marrow function occurs when the patient's blood levels are at their highest. Trough, which means low, is typically used in reference to drug levels. Adjuvant refers to use of radiation therapy or surgery along with chemotherapy in cancer treatment.
What is the difference between brachytherapy and teletherapy?
With all types of brachytherapy, the radiation source is within the patient; therefore , the patient emits radiation for a period of time and is a hazard to others. Teletherapy is radiation delivered from a source outside of the patient; because the source is external, the patient is not radioactive and is not hazardous to others. SBRT is a type of teletherapy, which uses three-dimensional tumor imaging to identify the exact tumor location to allow more precise delivery of higher radiation doses and spare more surrounding tissue. IMRT is also teletherapy which breaks up the single beam into thousands of smaller beams that allow better focus on the tumor.
How do antimetabolites and alkylating agents work?
Alkylating agents act by cross-linking DNA , which prevents proper synthesis of RNA and DNA , preventing cell division. Antimetabolites act by replacing the actual metabolites in the cells. Counterfeit metabolites are unable to carry out the cellular function resulting in cell death. Antimitotic agents prevent mitosis by interfering with the function and formation of microtubules that have a significant role in cell division. Antitumor antibiotics act by damaging the cell's DNA and preventing the synthesis of DNA and RNA.
What is mercaptopurine used for?
Mercaptopurine is an oral chemotherapeutic agent used in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Which drug category does it belong to?
What type of radiation is used in brachytherapy?
Radioactive elements emit three types of energy: gamma rays , alpha particles, and beta particles. Gamma rays are commonly used for radiation therapy because they can penetrate deeper tissues. X-rays are a form of radiation generated by machines for diagnostic purposes. Alpha particles are not used in cancer treatment. Beta particles are weaker in damaging cells and are therefore used in brachytherapy.
Which cells are susceptible to the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs?
C. Noncancerous cells also are susceptible to the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs.
Should a child have their leg amputated before chemotherapy?
Before each dose of chemotherapy. A primary healthcare provider recommends than an adolescent with the diagnosis of osteogenic sarcoma have the affected leg amputated and then be treated with chemotherapy. The parents are concerned about what to tell their child and ask the nurse for advice.
What is the platelet count of a patient with leukemia?
A patient with leukemia has a platelet count of 7000/mm3. Which intervention does the nurse implement to prevent injury?
What does it mean when your platelet count is abnormal?
Platelet count--it is a key role in blood clotting. An abnormal platelet count would indicate bleeding problems originating from a platelet disorder.
Why is O negative blood considered the universal donor?
O- negative blood is considered the universal donor because it does not contain the antigens A, B, or Rh. (AB+. is considered the universal recipient because a person with this blood type has all the anti-gens on the blood). Red blood cells only live about _____ days.
What does it mean when your reticulocytes are high?
A high reticulocyte count indicates that immature RBCs are being released from the bone marrow to overcome blood loss. A high reticulocyte count is desirable in a patient after hemorrhage. The nurse is reinforcing information about genetic counseling to a patient with sickle cell disease (SCD) who has a healthy spouse.
How long does it take for a kidney transfusion to be monitored?
It is recommended that the transfusion begin slowly and that the client be closely monitored. If no evidence of a reaction is noted within the first 15 minutes, flow can then be increased to the prescribed rate. The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease.
What is the most critical phase of a transfusion?
There will be a written order for the transfusion at some point; either the physician or the nurse will write the order. Some clients will need premedication before a transfusion, but the most critical phase of transfusion is confirming product compatibility and verifying client identity. Most transfusion reactions can be traced to improper product-to-patient identification. Two professional nurses are required to perform that task.
What is the RBC level in a hematocrit test?
Diagnostic findings include RBC count as high as 8 to 12 million/mm3, hemoglobin level of 18 to 25 g/dl, and a hematocrit level greater than 54% in men and 49% in women.
Diagnosis
- The following can be used to determine whether you have thrombocytopenia: 1. Blood test.A complete blood count determines the number of blood cells, including platelets, in a sample of your blood. 2. Physical exam, including a complete medical history.Your doctor will look for signs of bleeding under your skin and feel your abdomen to see if your spleen is enlarged. He or she w…
Treatment
- Thrombocytopenia can last for days or years. People with mild thrombocytopenia might not need treatment. For people who do need treatment for thrombocytopenia, treatment depends on its cause and how severe it is. If your thrombocytopenia is caused by an underlying condition or a medication, addressing that cause might cure it. For example, if you have heparin-induced throm…
Lifestyle and Home Remedies
- If you have thrombocytopenia, try to: 1. Avoid activities that could cause injury.Ask your doctor which activities are safe for you. Contact sports, such as boxing, martial arts and football, carry a high risk of injury. 2. Drink alcohol in moderation, if at all.Alcohol slows the production of platelets in your body. Ask your doctor whether it's OK...
Preparing For Your Appointment
- Start by seeing your primary care doctor, who can manage most cases of thrombocytopenia. In certain situations, he or she might refer you to a specialist in blood diseases (hematologist). Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment.