While Hippocrates did not consider causes to any great extent, Galen emphasized teleology. He assigned a purpose to every part of the organism and held forth that the purpose was carried out by the exercise of the faculties of attraction, retention, alteration, expulsion, and excretion, with which the various parts were endowed by nature.
Full Answer
What did Hippocrates do to treat his patients?
The Greeks regarded it as taboo to dissect the body, and consequently Hippocrates followed a less invasive path by focusing on general diagnosis and prognosis, seeking to allow his patients to rest, be well-nourished and clean, so that their bodies could have the greatest chance of healing themselves.
Who were Hippocrates and Galen?
This was the very first video to appear on here, and focussed on the Greek doctor Hippocrates, and the Roman doctor Galen. What exactly did they ever do for us? NOTE: This was based off of content for the GCSE History syllabus provided by Edexcel.
What did Claudius Galen contribute to medicine?
Although Aristotle contributed much to medicine, philosophy, poetry, literature, and early science, it was Claudius Galen—often referred to as simply Galen—whose writings influenced generations of physicians and whose influence continued well into the Renaissance.
What did Galen have ideas about the human body?
One idea was that it was somewhere between the brain and the spinal cord in a structure called the rete mirable. The other imaginary structure was the lux bone, a bone that could create an entirely new individual if found. Interestingly, this concept could describe stem cells. Galen also had ideas about the sexes.
What treatments did Hippocrates use?
The Hippocratic remedy greatly emphasized strengthening and building the body's innate resistance to disease. Hippocrates recommended exercise, gymnastics, massage, and hydrotherapy for this.
What did Galen use to treat his patients?
His therapeutic methods brought him into intimate contact with his patients: he bathed them, massaged them, cooked for them, and fed them. He also used more drastic remedies such as purgatives and emetics, and he was an adamant defender of bloodletting against those who doubted its efficacy.
What did Hippocrates and Galen do for medicine?
Both Hippocrates and Galen attached clinical importance to observation and prognosis. It was the evidence of the senses that laid the indispensable groundwork of medical knowledge. Both had an ability for generalization from observations. Galen disposed himself particularly to deductive reasoning.
What were the treatments for the Four Humours?
Cupping, bleeding and purging were common methods used to restore the balance between the humours. In the early modern era, illnesses were thought to be caused by disturbances of the body, which, when perfectly healthy, was held to be in an inner state of harmonious balance, like the world or the cosmos.
What did Hippocrates do?
Hippocrates is considered to be the father of modern medicine because in his books, which are more than 70. He described in a scientific manner, many diseases and their treatment after detailed observation. He lived about 2400 years ago.
What was Hippocrates theory?
Influenced by the Epicurean philosophy, he adhered to atomic theory, chance and evolution, and did not accept the theory of a 'benevolent Nature'. He suggested that the human body is composed of molecules and void spaces, and that diseases are caused by alteration of form or position of a patient's molecules.
What treatments were used in medieval times?
Surgery such as amputations, cauterization, removal of cataracts, dental extractions, and even trepanning (perforating the skull to relieve pressure on the brain) were practiced. Surgeons would have relied on opiates for anesthesia and doused wounds with wine as a form of antiseptic.
How did Hippocrates discover medicine?
He based his medical practice on observations and on the study of the human body. He held the belief that illness had a physical and a rational explanation. He rejected the views of his time that considered illness to be caused by superstitions and by possession of evil spirits and disfavour of the gods.
How did they treat disease in the Middle Ages?
Their cures were a mixture of superstition (magic stones and charms were very popular), religion (for example driving out evil spirits from people who were mentally ill) and herbal remedies (some of which are still used today). Monks and nuns also ran hospitals in their monasteries, which took in the sick and dying.
What methods did Hippocrates encourage?
Three main categories were observed in the Hippocratic provision of care: health promotion, interventions on trauma care, and mental care and art therapy interventions.
What method of treatment did doctors use to remove the humors they believed caused the plague in their patients?
Blood-Letting Going back to Galen's theory of the four humors, blood-letting was a common medical procedure in the Medieval Period. The idea was to allow some of the excess humors to drain out of the body. It was used as a cure-all for a variety of conditions, including epilepsy.
How did Galen develop the four humours?
Galen built on Hippocrates Theory of the Four Humours and developed ideas on how to treat illness through his ideas on the Theory of the Opposites. The idea was that if you had too much phlegm you needed something hot and dry to bring this humour back into balance.
Why did Hippocrates focus on diagnosis?
The Greeks regarded it as taboo to dissect the body, and consequently Hippocrates followed a less invasive path by focusing on general diagnosis and prognosis, seeking to allow his patients to rest, be well-nourished and clean, so that their bodies could have the greatest chance of healing themselves.
Where did Hippocratic medicine originate?
Lived on the island of Kos (Cos) and his work and teachings gave rise to a body of medicine known as the Hippocratic school of medicine. No examples of his written work have been reliably identified, but many are attributed to him – more likely that they are the work of his followers.
What is choleric in bipolar?
This also describes the manic phase of a bipolar disorder. Choleric corresponds to the fluid of yellow bile (yellowy-green bile is present in the gallbladder), the season of summer (dry and hot), and the element of fire. A person who is choleric is a doer and a leader.
What is a person who is bilious?
Similarly, a person described as “bilious” is meanspirited, suspicious, and angry. This, again, is an adaptation of the old humour theory “choleric.”. The disease Cholera gained its name from choler (bile). Melancholic is the personality of an indivdual characterized by black bile: hence (Greek melas, “black” + khole, “bile”).
Did Galen translate the Four Temperaments into Latin?
It is logical that when Galen moved to Rome and formulated the notion of the Four Temperaments, he would have translated his teachings into Latin. Read about behavioural type and change, behavioural type and stress and Insights Discovery Take a look at our Beginner's Guide to the Discovery Colour Energies.
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Video
This was the very first video to appear on here, and focussed on the Greek doctor Hippocrates, and the Roman doctor Galen. What exactly did they ever do for us? NOTE: This was based off of content for the GCSE History syllabus provided by Edexcel.
License
Original video by historysound. Embedded by Mark Cartwright, published on 17 September 2019. Please check the original source (s) for copyright information. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.
Cite This Work
historysound, . (2019, September 17). Galen and Hippocrates - Who were they? . World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/video/1819/galen-and-hippocrates---who-were-they/
Who influenced medical ideas in the Middle Ages?
Medical ideas in the medieval era. Medical ideas in the Middle Ages were heavily influenced by the ancient Greeks and Romans, particularly Hippocrates and Galen. Although Galen was not a Christian he was accepted by the Church because he believed that humans have a soul and in his books he often referred to the Creator.
What was the accepted teaching until the Renaissance?
curriculum-key-fact. The theory of the humours were the accepted teaching until the Renaissance, and after. Patients were told to do everything in moderation – not eat, drink or exercise too much – which probably did help to make them healthy.
What would a Hippocratic physician prescribe?
As a first step, the prudent Hippocratic physician would prescribe a regimen of diet, activity, and exercise, designed to void the body of the imbalanced humor. According to Gary Lindquester's History of Human Disease , if it was a fever--a hot, dry disease--the culprit was yellow bile.
Where was vivisection allowed?
In the third century, B.C. vivisection was permitted in Alexandria where living criminals may have been put to the knife. Still, we believe Hippocrates, Aristotle, and Galen, among others, only dissected animal bodies, not human.
Who caused the mouse god?
Even if individuals had understood enough about contagion to realize rodents were involved somehow, it was still the Homeric Apollo, the mouse god, who caused it. The Hippocratic etiology based on nature permitted diagnosis and treatment of symptoms with something other than prayer and sacrifice.