What did Jean Marc Gaspard Itard do for Education?
A portrait of Jean Marc Gaspard Itard. Although Itard failed in his efforts to educate Victor, he is praised for founding an oral education program for the deaf and introducing new methods of pedagogy that include the use of behavior modification with severely impaired children.
Why did Jean Itard want to work with the boy?
Attending the conference in which Pinel gave his diagnosis was a young medical student, Jean Itard. For whatever reason, perhaps to prove Pinel wrong (a motivation not foreign to present-day Child and Youth Care Workers), Itard said he would like to work with the boy.
What techniques did Itard use on Victor Frankenstein?
However, Itard's use of "aversive stimulation" ("punishment" in behavioural terms), though rarely used with Victor, provides a gripping example of this technique. It occurred during what became a series of escalating temper tantrums by Victor. Itard was trying to teach Victor the alphabet.
What natural consequences did Itard use to teach?
Itard, like many Child and Youth Care Workers, also used what we would now call "natural consequences" to teach routines related to hygiene. To deal with Victor's bed-wetting, for instance, Itard let nature take its course; "the certainty of passing the night in a cold wet bed accustomed him to get up in order to satisfy his needs" (1962, p. 16).
What methods did itard teach Victor?
Itard devised an intensive educational program, including sensory stimulation and repetitive physical exercises, to teach Victor social awareness, speech comprehension, and literacy.
What did itard teach the wild boy?
He only learned a few sounds, so Dr. Itard decided to try teaching him to read. He started by teaching Victor to distinguish shapes, then letters. He paired household objects and pictures with their printed names, and Victor eventually learned to read and write enough to communicate some of his wants and needs.
What 2 Things did Jean itard the doctor from Paris believe that made a person human?
Jean Marc Gaspard Itard Itard believed two things separated humans from animals: empathy and language. He wanted to civilize Victor with the objectives of teaching him to speak and to communicate human emotion.
What did Jean Marc Gaspard Itard do?
Here is the history of French physician and otologist, Jean Marc Gaspard Itard (1774-1838). As physician for the Institute for Deaf Mutes in Paris, Dr. Itard became responsible for the care and civilization of the "wild boy of Aveyron," also known as, "The Wild Child" of the Truffaut movie.
Between what year did itard use the systematic techniques to teach a boy?
Jean Marc Gaspard Itard (1774-1838) Between 1801 and 1805, Itard used systematic techniques to teach a boy, named Victor (“wild boy”), how to communicate with others and how to perform daily living skills, such as dressing himself.
How did Jean Marc itard view Victor?
Itard saw Victor as someone who had never been tainted by civilization, and who could, with the proper teaching, become the perfect human being.
What is itard known for?
Itard was one of the first to attempt the instruction of intellectually disabled children on a scientific basis.
Who is Jean Marc Gaspard Itard?
A portrait of Jean Marc Gaspard Itard. Although Itard failed in his efforts to educate Victor, he is praised for founding an oral education program for the deaf and introducing new methods of pedagogy that include the use of behavior modification with severely impaired children.
Who taught Victor French?
Several researchers, including a famous instructor of the deaf named Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard, attempted to teach Victor French and the basics of communication to prove that the development of one’s language and social abilities depends on one’s surroundings.
What is Mowgli known for?
The Jungle Book popularized the motif of feral children in literature and pop culture, and Mowgli became a beloved children’s character known for his compassion, kindness, and adaptiveness.
What is the role of feral children in science?
Feral children often became the subjects of scientific studies and debates that stigmatized them and turned them into lab subjects, used to prove scientific theories. An illustration of Victor of Aveyron. Such was the case of Victor of Aveyron, a French feral boy who lived in the woods of the Aveyron region in the late 1790s ...
What is the name of the book about feral children?
In 1894, Rudyard Kipling published a famous collection of stories named The Jungle Book. It follows the adventures of Mowgli, a feral child raised by wolves who learns the languages of various wild animals and establishes personal connections with them. ...
How old was the boy when he emerged from the woods?
He voluntarily emerged from the woods in 1800. The boy was then around 12 years old and couldn’t speak any language. The physicians who first examined him thought that he might have been deaf and mute. After he was examined at the National Institute of the Deaf in Paris, it was determined that he was completely healthy but had never come ...
When did Victor emerge from the woods?
A young widow cared for him there for several months, but he managed to escape and return to the woods. He voluntarily emerged from the woods in 1800.
Where was Jean-Marc Itard born?
Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard was born in the small town of Oraison in Provence , a province in southeastern France, in 1774. In 1796, at the age of 22, he moved to Paris to study medicine. Midway through this process, Itard was hired by Abbe Sicard, the director of the Institute for Deaf Mutes in Paris, to be the resident medical staff person of the Institute. Itard must have been a promising student, because Sicard was an influential person and well-known educator of the deaf.
Was Jean Itard a child counsellor?
It seems to me that, in most essential aspects, Jean Itard was a child and youth counsellor and rightfully belongs in our history. Not only was he a pioneer in our field, he is, in many ways, a credible model of professionalism for our own times. Elsewhere, for instance, I have attempted to show how his work sets a standard for our profession and can be fruitfully examined for curriculum ideas to promote professional training (McDermott, 1985).
Abstract
Human children who grew up solely in the care of animals for some time are referred to as feral children. There are many myths about them but a few actual cases have been carefully documented, as I show in this paper.
References (29)
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What is the name of the book that Itard wrote about the wild boy?
He was best known for his teaching of Victor, a young boy who was found in the woods. His book: Victor: the Wild Boy of Aveyron (1801, 1806) became a classic that has survived the ages. Itard made other contributions the history of speech pathology: He was considered to be a founder of otology because of his work on diseases of the ear.
What did Itard do to Victor?
At first he and Victor’s caregiver Madame Guerin, took Victor on rural excursions. Then they did so less frequently. They allowed him eating pleasures, but meals were made less often and less plentiful.
What was the task that Itard used with Victor?
Another task that Itard used with Victor, one he borrowed from Sicard, was a shape-matching task in which papers of a particular color and shape were first matched with based on both color and shape and then just based on shape. Then Itard proceeded to a task involving matching letters of the alphabet.
Why did Itard use games?
Itard used games to to increase Victor’s memory, intention and interests.
Why was Itard considered a founder of otology?
He was considered to be a founder of otology because of his work on diseases of the ear. He was among the first to treat stuttering as a physiological problem. He influenced the work of his pupil, Dr. Eduard Séguin, who in turn influenced Maria Montessori. Itard was born in Oraiston, Provence, France on April 24, 1775.
Where was the golden fork used?
He used a golden or ivory fork, placed in the cavity of the alveolar arch of the lower jaw, for the purpose of supporting the tongue. Shortly after he started his job, Itard was asked to work with a young 10 year boy, who was found in the wild.
Why was Rousseau interested in unsocialized children?
There was, at the beginning of the 18th century, considerable interest in “unsocialized children,” because they were seen as a natural experiment showing the relative impact of environment on learning. Rousseau considered the infant to be an “uncivilized child” and as inherently good.