Rationale for multi-drug therapy in tuberculosis If a single drug is given for the treatment of tuberculosis, there is increased chance of development of resistance to the drug. The incidence of resistant strain in an individual will be about 1 in 10^6 to 10^8.
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What is the rationale that supports multidrug treatment for tuberculosis?
Nov 08, 2019 · 4. What is the rationale that supports multidrug treatment for clients with tuberculosis? a) Multiple drugs potentiate the drugs’ actions. b) Multiple drugs reduce undesirable drug adverse effects. c) Multiple drugs allow reduced drug dosages to be given. d) Multiple drugs reduce development of resistant strains of the bacteria. D.
What is included in the care for the client with tuberculosis?
Nov 23, 2016 · What is the rationale that supports multi-drug treatment for clients with tuberculosis? Select one: A. Multiple drugs allow reduced drug dosages to be given. B. Multiple drugs allow reduced development of resistant strains of bacteria. C. Multiple drugs reduce undesirable drug side effects. D. Multiple drug potentiate the drug’s action.
Which nursing intervention should have the highest priority for tuberculosis patients?
Rationale for multi-drug therapy in tuberculosis If a single drug is given for the treatment of tuberculosis, there is increased chance of development of resistance to the drug. The incidence of resistant strain in an individual will be about 1 in 10^6 to 10^8. But an indiviual be infected with 10^10 to 10^12 organisms.
What is combination therapy for tuberculosis (TB)?
Jul 11, 2021 · What is the rationale that supports multidrug treatment for clients with tuberculosis? 1. Multiple drugs potentiate the drugs’ actions. 2. Multiple drugs reduce undesirable drug adverse effects. 3. Multiple drugs allow reduced drug dosages to be given. 4. Multiple drugs reduce development of resistant strains of the bacteria. Jul 09 2021 05:19 PM
Why is multiple drug therapy used for tuberculosis?
When two or more drugs to which in vitro susceptibility has been demonstrated are given together, each helps prevent the emergence of tubercle bacilli resistant to the others. The standard of care for initiating treatment of TB disease is four-drug therapy.
Why is combination therapy is employed in the treatment of TB?
Treating a tuberculosis patient with a monotherapy of rifampicin rapidly leads to resistance to the drug even if it is given for short periods only. In combination drugs, the presence of isoniazid reduces the probability for the survival of rifampicin-resistant mutants.
What is the triple treatment for TB?
The major historical landmarks of tuberculosis (TB) therapy include: the discovery of effective medications (streptomycin and para-aminosalicylic acid) in 1944; the revelation of “triple therapy” (streptomycin, para-aminosalicylic acid and isoniazid) in 1952, which assured cure; recognition in the 1970s that isoniazid ...
What are the treatment and interventions of tuberculosis?
If you have an active TB disease you will probably be treated with a combination of antibacterial medications for a period of six to 12 months. The most common treatment for active TB is isoniazid INH in combination with three other drugs—rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol.Apr 8, 2020
Why is proper antibiotic therapy especially important for patients with tuberculosis?
A long treatment is required because antibiotics work only when the bacteria are actively dividing, and the bacteria that cause TB can rest without growing for long periods. This treatment is necessary to keep the latent TB infection from developing into active disease.
What is the frequencies of follow up services in TB?
During intensive phase: every day during the first weeks if hospitalized and at least every week if treated as outpatient, until the treatment is well tolerated. Once stable, the patient is seen once or twice monthly.
What is TB prevention?
good ventilation: as TB can remain suspended in the air for several hours with no ventilation. natural light: UV light kills off TB bacteria. good hygiene: covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing reduces the spread of TB bacteria.
What are the nursing management of tuberculosis?
First-line agents for the treatment of tuberculosis are isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), ethambutol (EMB), and pyrazinamide. Active TB. For most adults with active TB, the recommended dosing includes the administration of all four drugs daily for 2 months, followed by 4 months of INH and RIF.Feb 12, 2021
How was TB treated in the 1950?
By the late 1950s it was observed that if all three drugs were given to TB patients, cure rates of 80-90% could be achieved. However, the side effects and toxicity were formidable and required 18-24 months treatment. Other new drugs were discovered in ensuing decades and by 1990, cure could be achieved in 6 months.Feb 1, 2013
How do you monitor TB treatment?
Monitoring response to treatment is done through regular history taking, physical examination, chest radiograph and laboratory monitoring. The classic symptoms of TB – cough, sputum production, fever and weight loss – generally improve within the first few weeks.
What is the total time of treatment for tuberculosis TB multidrug therapy?
The intensive-phase treatment for MDR-TB should be 5-7 months, followed by the continuation phase, so that the total duration of treatment is 15-24 months after culture conversion. The drugs should be prescribed daily (no intermittent therapy), and the patient should always be on DOT.Jun 4, 2020
WHO tuberculosis guidelines treatment?
The following options are recommended for the treatment of LTBI regardless of HIV status: 6 or 9 months of daily isoniazid, or a 3-month regimen of weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid, or a 3 month regimen of daily isoniazid plus rifampicin.
What are the symptoms of tuberculosis?
1. Tuberculosis typically produces anorexia and weight loss. Other signs and symptoms may include fatigue, low-grade fever, and night sweats. Increased appetite is not a symptom of tuberculosis; dyspnea on exertion and change in mental status are not common symptoms of tuberculosis.
What is airborne precaution?
Airborne precautions prevent transmission of infectious agents that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air (e.g. mycobacterium tuberculosis, measles, varicella virus [chickenpox], and possibly SARS-CoV). The preferred placement is in an isolation single-client room that is equipped with special air handling and ventilation.
What is the color of rifampin?
The urine may have an orange color. 2, 4, 5. A potential adverse effect of rifampin (Rifadin) is hepatotoxicity. Clients should be instructed to avoid alcohol intake while taking rifampin and keep follow-up appointments for periodic monitoring of liver enzyme levels to detect liver toxicity.
Is isoniazid a hepatotoxic drug?
Isoniazid and rifampin (Rifamate) is a hepatotoxic drug. The client should be warned to limit intake of alcohol during drug therapy. The drug should be taken on an empty stomach. If ant-acids are needed for gastrointestinal distress, they should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after the drug is administered.
Does INH affect ovulation?
INH interferes with the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, and female clients of childbearing age should be counseled to use an alternative form of birth control while taking the drug. INH does not increase the risk of vaginal infection, nor does it affect the ova or ovulation.