How many people with HIV are still waiting for treatment?
HIV Treatment Access —As of the end of 2019, 25.4 million people with HIV (67%) were accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally. That means 12.6 million people are still waiting.
How many people know their HIV status in 2020?
HIV Testing —Approximately 84% of people with HIV globally knew their HIV status in 2020. The remaining 16% (about 6.0 million people) still need access to HIV testing services. HIV testing is an essential gateway to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services.
How has HIV/AIDS changed in the United States?
66% were virally suppressed Mother-to-Child Transmission —In 2020, 84% of pregnant women with HIV received ART to prevent transmitting HIV to their babies during pregnancy and childbirth and to protect their own health. AIDS-related Deaths —AIDS-related deaths have been reduced by 61% since the peak in 2004.
What is HIV treatment?
What is HIV treatment? HIV treatment involves taking medicine that reduces the amount of HIV in your body. HIV medicine is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). There is no effective cure for HIV.
What is the current standard therapy for AIDS?
The treatment for HIV is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART involves taking a combination of HIV medicines (called an HIV treatment regimen) every day. ART is recommended for everyone who has HIV. ART cannot cure HIV, but HIV medicines help people with HIV live longer, healthier lives.
What is the status of the AIDS epidemic?
Today, there are more than 1.2 million people living with HIV in the U.S. and there are more than 35,000 new infections each year. people with AIDS have died since the beginning of the epidemic. More than 700,000 people in the U.S., have died from HIV-related illness.
What is the treatment success rate for AIDS?
Results: Of registered patients, 17.7% were diagnosed at AIDS stage. By June 2016, 27.2% of study population progressed to AIDS, and 8081 (25.1%) of patients died. The survival rate was 88%, 85%, 77%, and 67% for 1, 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively.
What is the current rate of AIDS?
HIV incidence declined 8% from 2015 to 2019. In 2019, the estimated number of HIV infections in the U.S. was 34,800 and the rate was 12.6 (per 100,000 people).
What is HIV treatment?
HIV treatment (antiretroviral therapy or ART) involves taking medicine as prescribed by a health care provider. HIV treatment reduces the amount of...
When should I start HIV treatment?
Start HIV treatment as soon as possible after diagnosis. All people with HIV should take HIV treatment, no matter how long they’ve had HIV or how h...
What if I delay HIV treatment?
If you delay treatment, HIV will continue to harm your immune system. Delaying treatment will put you at higher risk for transmitting HIV to your p...
Are there different types of HIV treatment?
There are two types of HIV treatment: pills and shots. Pills are recommended for people who are just starting HIV treatment. There are many FDA-app...
What are HIV treatment shots?
HIV treatment shots are long-acting injections used to treat people with HIV. The shots are given by your health care provider and require routine...
Can I switch my HIV treatment from pills to shots?
Talk to your health care provider about changing your HIV treatment plan. Shots may be right for you if you are an adult with HIV who has an undete...
What are the benefits of taking my HIV treatment as prescribed?
HIV treatment reduces the amount of HIV in the blood (viral load). Taking your HIV medicine as prescribed will help keep your viral load low. HIV t...
Does HIV treatment cause side effects?
HIV treatment can cause side effects in some people. However, not everyone experiences side effects. The most common side effects are Nausea and vo...
What should I do if I’m thinking about having a baby?
Let your health care provider know if you or your partner is pregnant or thinking about getting pregnant. They will determine the right type of HIV...
Can I take birth control while on HIV treatment?
You can use any method of birth control to prevent pregnancy. However, some HIV treatment may make hormone-based birth control less effective. Talk...
What is the continuum of HIV treatment?
HIV Care Continuum —The term HIV care continuum refers to the sequence of steps a person with HIV takes from diagnosis through receiving treatment until his or her viral load is suppressed to undetectable levels. Each step in the continuum is marked by an assessment of the number of people who have reached that stage.
How many people are waiting for HIV testing?
HIV Treatment Access —As of the end of 2020, 27.4 million people with HIV (73%) were accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally. That means 10.2 million people are still waiting.
What is the continuum of care for HIV?
HIV Care Continuum —The term HIV care continuum refers to the sequence of steps a person with HIV takes from diagnosis through receiving treatment until his or her viral load is suppressed to undetectable levels. Each step in the continuum is marked by an assessment of the number of people who have reached that stage. The stages are: being diagnosed with HIV; being linked to medical care; starting ART; adhering to the treatment regimen; and, finally, having HIV suppressed to undetectable levels in the blood. UNAIDS’s 90-90-90 goals set as targets that by 2020, 90% of all people with HIV will know their HIV status, 90% of all people who know their status will be on ART, and 90% of all people receiving ART will have viral suppression. Tracking progress toward those goals, UNAIDS reports that in 2020, of all people with HIV worldwide: 1 84% knew their HIV status 2 73% were accessing ART 3 66% were virally suppressed
What are the services that UNAIDS provides?
UNAIDS recommends that during the pandemic, HIV services continue to be made available for people with and at risk of HIV, including ensuring the availability of condoms, opioid substitution therapy, sterile needles and syringes, harm reduction, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and HIV testing . The benefits of continuing to provide those life-saving HIV services far outweigh the risk of potential COVID-19-related deaths.
How many people will have HIV in 2020?
New HIV Infections —An estimated 1.5 million individuals worldwide acquired HIV in 2020, marking a 30% decline in new HIV infections since 2010. (New HIV infections, or “HIV incidence,” refers to the estimated number of people who newly acquired the HIV virus during given period such as a year, which is different from the number ...
How does HIV affect the world?
Further, the HIV epidemic not only affects the health of individuals, it also impacts households, communities, and the development and economic growth of nations. Many of the countries hardest hit by HIV also suffer from other infectious diseases, food insecurity, and other serious problems.
What is the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief?
President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief ( PEPFAR) is the U.S. Government’s response to the global HIV/AIDS epidemic and represents the largest commitment by any nation to address a single disease in history. Through PEPFAR, the U.S. has supported a world safer and more secure from infectious disease threats.
How does treatment help prevent HIV?
Having an undetectable viral load may also help prevent transmission from injection drug use.
What does it mean when your viral load goes down after HIV treatment?
If your viral load goes down after starting HIV treatment, that means treatment is working. Continue to take your medicine as prescribed.
What does it mean when your HIV is suppressed?
Viral suppression is defined as having less than 200 copies of HIV per milliliter of blood. HIV medicine can make the viral load so low that a test can’t detect it (called an undetectable viral load ). If your viral load goes down after starting HIV treatment, that means treatment is working.
What is the amount of HIV in the blood called?
The amount of HIV in the blood is called viral load . Taking your HIV medicine as prescribed will help keep your viral load low and your CD4 cell count high. HIV medicine can make the viral load very low (called viral suppression ). Viral suppression is defined as having less than 200 copies of HIV per milliliter of blood.
How long does it take for a mother to give her baby HIV?
If a mother with HIV takes HIV medicine as prescribed throughout pregnancy, labor, and delivery and gives HIV medicine to her baby for 4 to 6 weeks after birth, the risk of transmitting HIV to her baby can be 1% or less.
Why is it important to take HIV medication?
Taking HIV medication consistently, as prescribed, helps prevent drug resistance. Drug resistance develops when people with HIV are inconsistent with taking their HIV medication as prescribed. The virus can change (mutate) and will no longer respond to certain HIV medication. If you develop drug resistance, it will limit your options ...
How long does it take to get rid of HIV?
There is no effective cure for HIV. But with proper medical care, you can control HIV. Most people can get the virus under control within six months. Taking HIV medicine does not prevent transmission ...
What Is HIV Treatment?
HIV treatment involves taking medicines that slow the progression of the virus in your body. HIV is a type of virus called a retrovirus, and the combination of drugs used to treat it is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART is recommended for all people living with HIV, regardless of how long they’ve had the virus or how healthy they are. ART must be taken every day, exactly as your health care provider prescribes.
Why Is HIV Treatment Important?
Getting and staying on HIV treatment because it reduces the amount of HIV in your blood (also called the viral load) to a very low level. This keeps you healthy and prevents illness. There is also a major prevention benefit. People living with HIV who take HIV medication daily as prescribed and get and keep an undetectable viral load have effectively no risk of sexually transmitting HIV to their HIV-negative partners. This is called treatment as prevention.
What Is HIV Drug Resistance?
Drug resistance can be a cause of treatment failure for people living with HIV. As HIV multiplies in the body, it sometimes mutates (changes form) and produces variations of itself. Variations of HIV that develop while a person is taking ART can lead to drug-resistant strains of HIV.
What is drug resistance testing?
Drug-resistance testing identifies which, if any, HIV medicines won’t be effective against your specific strain of HIV. Drug-resistance testing results help determine which HIV medicines to include in an HIV treatment regimen. Taking HIV medication every day, exactly as prescribed helps prevent drug resistance.
Why do you prescribe HIV?
Your health care provider may prescribe medicines to prevent certain infections. HIV treatment is most likely to be successful when you know what to expect and are committed to taking your medicines exactly as prescribed.
How soon can you start ART for HIV?
Treatment guidelines from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommend that a person living with HIV begin ART as soon as possible after diagnosis. Starting ART slows the progression of HIV and can keep you healthy for many years.
Can HIV drugs prevent HIV?
With drug resistance, HIV medicines that previously controlled a person’s HIV are not effective against new, drug-resistant HIV. In other words, the HIV medicines can't prevent the drug-resistant HIV from multiplying. Drug resistance can cause HIV treatment to fail. A person can initially be infected with drug-resistant HIV or develop ...
What is the current standard for chronic HIV treatment?
•#N#With no available cure, treatment of HIV infection requires life-long therapy.#N#•#N#A combination of three drugs is the current standard for chronic HIV therapy.#N#•#N#Multiple single-tablet 3-drug combination regimens are available.#N#•#N#Long-term success of HIV therapy requires both efficacy and safety/tolerability.#N#•#N#Novel drug classes are in clinical development for patients with drug resistance.
Why do antiretroviral regimens need to be changed?
While current antiretroviral regimens for treatment-naïve patients are highly effective and well tolerated, a regimen change may be needed in individual patients because of a lack of virologic suppression, drug adverse effects, or avoidance of drug–drug interaction with other medications [ 29 ].
What is lifelong chronic therapy?
Lifelong, chronic therapy without treatment interruption is the standard of care , and the availability of multiple effective drugs in several classes with differing resistance, safety, and tolerability profiles provides choices after failure of first-line treatment. Download : Download full-size image.
What is the exception to the HIV prevalence estimate?
The exception is men who had sexual contact with other men and injected drugs; this group makes up a separate transmission category. HIV prevalence estimate: The number of people with HIV at a given time regardless of the time of infection, whether the person has received a diagnosis (aware of infection), or the stage of HIV disease.
Which region is most affected by HIV?
Eastern and Southern Africa is the region most affected by HIV worldwide, and accounts for about 43% of all new HIV infections. Other regions significantly affected by HIV include Asia and the Pacific, Western and Central Africa, Western and Central Europe and North America, and Latin America.
What is HIV surveillance?
HIV surveillance reports disseminate data about HIV and AIDS —for example, the number and population rates of HIV diagnoses, the number of people with HIV, and the number of people receiving HIV medical care.
What is stage 3 HIV?
HIV infection, stage 3 (AIDS): The term refers specifically to people with diagnosed HIV whose infection was classified as stage 3 ( AIDS) during a given year (for diagnoses) or whose infection has ever been classified as stage 3 (AIDS) (for prevalence and deaths). Transmission category: The term for summarizing the multiple risk factors ...
How many people died from HIV in 2019?
Worldwide, there were about 1.7 million new cases of HIV in 2019. About 38 million people were living with HIV around the world in 2019. An estimated 690,000 people died from AIDS-related illnesses in 2019. An estimated 33 million people have died from AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic.
What is the definition of HIV?
Diagnosis of HIV infection: The term refers to people diagnosed with HIV infection, regardless of the stage of disease at diagnosis (stage 0, 1, 2, 3 [AIDS], or unknown), from all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and 6 dependent areas (American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the Republic of Palau, ...
How many transmission categories are there for HIV?
CDC classifies HIV diagnoses into six transmission categories to which transmission may be attributed: male-to-male sexual contact, injection drug use, male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use, heterosexual contact, mother-to-child (perinatal) transmission, and other (includes blood transfusions and unknown cause).
What is the new preclinical model for HIV?
New Pre-Clinical Model Could Hold the Key to Better HIV Treatments. May 14, 2021 — Researchers have developed a unique pre-clinical model that enables the study of long-term HIV infection, and the testing of new therapies aimed at curing the ...
What Can 35-Year-Old Stool Samples Tell Scientists About HIV/AIDS?
8, 2021 — A serendipitous conversation and 'treasure trove' of frozen stool samples from early in the HIV/AIDS pandemic shed light on the role of the microbiome in disease prevention. The study is ...
How will viral infections affect the immune system?
Chronic Viral Infections Can Have Lasting Effects on Human Immunity, Similar to Aging. Mar. 29, 2021 — Research suggests that chronic viral infections have a profound and lasting impact on the immune system in ways that are similar to those seen during aging. Using systems immunology and artificial ...
What is the new pathway for TB?
Feb. 16, 2021 — Researchers may have found a new pathway to treat and control tuberculosis (TB), the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), a next-generation ...
How long does TB treatment last?
May 19, 2021 — A study of tuberculosis drug therapy found that a two-drug, four-month regimen can be used to treat TB as effectively as the standard regimen that lasts six months and consists of four ...
When will TB be detected in 2021?
May 18, 2021 — Researchers have developed a highly sensitive blood test that can find traces of the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB) in infants a year before they develop the deadly disease, according to a ...
Is West Virginia in an opioid epidemic?
West Virginia's Enduring, Intertwined Epidemics: Opioids and HIV. Feb. 22, 2021 — New research shows that the opioid and HIV epidemics are intertwined in West Virginia, and therefore should be treated ...
The Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic
Challenges and Progress
- Despite advances in our scientific understanding of HIV and its prevention and treatment as well as years of significant effort by the global health community and leading government and civil society organizations, too many people with HIV or at risk for HIV still do not have access to prevention, care, and treatment, and there is still no cure. Further, the HIV epidemic not only affe…
U.S. Response to The Global Epidemic
- The U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) is the U.S. Government’s response to the global HIV/AIDS epidemic and represents the largest commitment by any nation to address a single disease in history. Through PEPFAR, the U.S. has supported a world safer and more secure from infectious disease threats. It has demonstrably strengthened the global capacity to …