Full Answer
What is the pH level of cancer?
pH Levels and the Fight Against Cancer
- Understanding pH Levels. pH stands for “potential of hydrogen”, and is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. ...
- Maintaining Optimal pH Levels in the Body. The best way to maintain the body’s optimal pH level is through diet. ...
- Stress and pH. Probable the biggest factor that acidifies the body is mental and emotional stress. ...
What kills cancer cells naturally?
Natural killers cells are the focus of a growing number of companies pursuing next-generation cell therapies for cancer. Indapta Therapeutics focuses on a subset of this class of cancer-killing cells, and it aims to use them in combination with antibody drugs to boost efficacy.
What pH is considered alkaline?
pH > (greater than) 7.0 is considered Alkaline , where the number of Hydrogen Ions [H+] is less than the number of Hydroxide Ions [OH-]; written differently, alkaline solutions are those in which the number of, or concentration of Hydroxide Ions [OH-] is greater than the number of Hydrogen Ions [H+].
Can cancer live in an alkaline environment?
Cancer thrives in an acidic environment, and doesn't survive in an normal, more alkaline environment. Cancer cells make your body even more acidic as they produce lactic acid. So if you have cancer, your pH levels are low and your body is too acidic. Taking action to make your body more alkaline is vital in the battle against cancer.
What is the pH in cancer patients?
Healthy cells have a slightly alkaline internal environment with a pH of around 7.2. Cancer cells are more alkaline and have an internal pH that is higher than 7.2.
Does pH affect cancer cells?
A computational study co-authored by computational chemist Miquel Duran-Frigola, from the Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), has demonstrated that cancer cells proliferate less and in a less robust manner when their internal pH is lowered, that is to say it becomes more acidic.
What is pH regulation and why do cancer cells need it?
Ultimately, the pH regulatory apparatus in tumors must (i) provide adequate lactic acid permeability through membranes, (ii) facilitate CO2/HCO3-/H+ diffusivity across the interstitium, (iii) invest in a form of active transport that strikes a favorable balance between intracellular pH and intracellular lactate ...
What is the pH of tumor cells?
Studies over the last few decades have demonstrated that intracellular pH (pHi) of solid tumors is maintained within a pH range of 7.0-7.2, while the extracellular pH (pHe) is acidic.
How much water should a cancer patient drink?
Some health experts suggest at least 8 glasses of liquid a day, even more if you have diarrhea or vomiting. Ask your doctor how much sounds right for you. Try other liquids. If water doesn't do it for you, try something else.
Does blood pH affect cancer?
Some studies have shown that acidic environments help cancer cells grow. So the idea is that a diet high in alkaline foods (high pH) and low in acidic foods will raise the body's pH levels (make the body more alkaline) and prevent or even cure cancer.
Are cancer tumors acidic?
Scientists have long known that tumors have many pockets of high acidity, usually found deep within the tumor where little oxygen is available. However, a new study from MIT researchers has found that tumor surfaces are also highly acidic, and that this acidity helps tumors to become more invasive and metastatic.
What is the pH of tumor microenvironment?
Under normal physiological conditions the pH of blood and tissue is tightly controlled around pH 7.4. However, in diseased tissues such as the tumor microenvironment a local pH range from 5.5 to 7.0 is not uncommon (Vaupel et al., 1989; Gatenby and Gillies, 2004).
What is the pH level of most human cells?
between 7.0 and 7.4Physiologically normal intracellular pH is most commonly between 7.0 and 7.4, though there is variability between tissues (e.g., mammalian skeletal muscle tends to have a pHi of 6.8–7.1). There is also pH variation across different organelles, which can span from around 4.5 to 8.0.
Does Inflammation change pH?
During inflammation, the drop in pH is a result of infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells in the tissue, which leads to increased energy and oxygen demand, accelerated glucose consumption via glycolysis and thus increased lactic acid secretion (7–11).
Why cancerous cells are acidic?
Taken together, these findings suggest that the primary role of tumour CAIX is to utilize the interconversion of CO2 and HCO3− in order to stabilize the pHe around 6.8, thus maintaining an acidic pHe set-point of cancer cells in response to the proton load from cellular metabolism.
What is acidosis pH?
The pH of your blood should be around 7.4. Acidosis is characterized by a pH of 7.35 or lower. Alkalosis is characterized by a pH level of 7.45 or higher. While seemingly slight, these numerical differences can be serious.
Why is cancer so acidic?
Virtually everyone with cancer has low pH levels. This is because cancer is created, and thrives, in a body that has low pH levels, a body that is acidic. Low pH causes your body to store more toxins in cells, and reduces oxygen levels, both of which are fundamental to the development of cancer. When cancer cells grow, they produce even more acid. Making it very difficult to raise pH levels, especially when cancer is present.
What happens when cancer cells stop pumping out lactic acid?
When the cancer cells have stopped pumping out the lactic acid they produce, your pH levels naturally will start to increase. One Naturopath tested BLA on 10 of her patients with advanced cancer. At the end of two months every one had increased their overall pH levels significantly, most by at least .75, some by a full point some by half a point.
Why is fermentation bad for cancer cells?
To make matters worse, the fermentation process cancer cells use to produce energy creates lactic acid, further increasing acidity and reducing oxygen levels . Sang Whang, in his book Reverse Aging, points out that toxins are acidic.
How many bottles of pentose phosphate pathway elixir a month?
3 bottles a month of Pentose Phosphate Pathway Elixir to stop the lactic acid production in cancer cells.
Why is my body acidic?
Cancer cells make your body even more acidic as they produce lactic acid. So if you have cancer, your pH levels are low and your body is too acidic. Taking action to make your body more alkaline is vital in the battle against cancer. Unfortunately...
Can you take medicine with acidic pH?
Taking medicines or supplements for cancer while your pH is highly acidic is a bit like washing dishes in a sink of dirty water, even when you put in plenty of soap, you can't get the dishes clean.
Is cola too acidic?
The majority of the foods and drinks we consume are acidic, such as meat, grains and sugar, with colas and other soft drinks being highly acidic. So unless you have been eating a very healthy diet, full of fresh fruit and vegetables, your body is way too acidic. Creating a very good environment for cancer to grow in.
Who was the first oncologist to use pH?
According to the reference above, the Spanish Dr. Salvador Harguindeyis maybe the first and one of the few clinical oncologist worldwide who experimented this approach in cancer patients. He is also one of the leaders of the Association for Proton Cancer Research and Treatment, a fast growing association of scientists working on solving the cancer challenge via a pH perspective.
What is reverse pH?
A reverse pH gradient is a hallmark of cancer metabolism, manifested by extracellular acidosis and intracellular alkalization. While consequences of extracellular acidosis are known, the roles of intracellular alkalization are incompletely understood.
What is intracellular alkalinization?
Intracellular Alkalinization: increase further the intracellular pH of cancer cells ( using e.g. Cesium Chloride, Germanium) to a level that is not sustainable for the cancer cells
How does glucose help cancer cells?
Indeed, it is well known that cancer cells are using a lot of glucose to produce energy and other elements required for their existence. Due to the fact that the engine of the cell (mitochondria) works slower than usually or doesn’t work at all in some cases, cancer cells uses another mechanism to produce energy and the other components. This alternative mechanism is called glycolisis or better known as fermentation. However, fermentation is a less effective mechanism compared to the usual cell respiration and as a result it requires more glucose to produce the same amount of energy. This intensive use of glucose leads not only to energy production but as a side effect, it produces a lot of protons (i.e. acidity).
What is the function of lactic acid in cancer cells?
lactic acid serves as fuel for other cancer cells that have the capability to import lactate and use it to produce energy via normal respiration
Why do cancer cells have acidity transporters?
Since the cancer cells like to have high pH (i.e. low acidity) inside (i.e. in the cytosol), they developed a way to push all that outside the cell. In order to push the acidity out, the cancer cells developed much more acidity transporters compared to the normal cells. Some of the most relevant and well known transporters are:
Does metformin increase intracellular acidity?
It has been recently shown that any drug that can increase intracellular acidity will lead to the reduction and possibly inhibition of Wnt signaling (Ref.), a mechanism that is highly relevant in cancer (Ref.). In this study, drugs used to increase the intracellular acidity were e.g. Metformin, Papaverine, also known as mitochondria inhibitors (Ref.).
How is pH determined?
The dynamics of intra- and extracellular pH are determined by reaction, transport and diffusion fluxes. For illustrative purposes, two intracellular buffers (HA1/A1 and HA2/A2), one extracellular freely diffusible buffer (HA4/A4), and a buffer that can cross the cell membrane (HA3/A3) are shown.
How does pH change in living tissue?
Living tissue, unlike a simple salt solution, engages continually in the production or consumption of acids (or bases) through chemical reactions. Because of cellular respiration (yielding CO2and lactic acid), most cells are net acid-producers hence intracellular pH (pHi) has a tendency to fall. A sustained and substantial acid–base challenge cannot be corrected by pH buffers alone because of their finite capacity (i.e. buffering reduces the amplitude of pH-changes but cannot, on its own, eliminate or reverse these). Also in contrast to a simple solution, living tissue is compartmentalized into intra- and extracellular spaces separated by the cell membrane (figure 1). The ability of biological membranes to allow the passage of selected molecules can give rise to pH differences between the compartments. Selective transport of H+-ions (or molecules that release or take-up H+ions such as CO2or : the so-called H+-equivalents) across membranes is thus an effective means of changing pHi. As explained later, the usual pHi-regulatory strategy of cells is to balance the internal production of acid (or base) with an equal ‘corrective’ efflux of acid (or base) across the cell membrane.
What is the venting of metabolically produced acids?
Venting of metabolically produced acids. (a) H+-lactate efflux across the membrane is facilitated by H+-monocarboxylate transport (MCT). Diffusion of H+and lactate away from the cell-surface is necessary for sustained MCT activity. Mobile H+-buffers can facilitate H+diffusion and support H+-lactate venting. (b) CO2can permeate the cell membrane through the lipid bilayer or gas channels. Spontaneous CO2hydration is slow, but can be accelerated by exo-facial carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes. Diffusion of the hydration products alongside CO2represents a form of facilitated CO2diffusion.
How do cancer cells survive?
Owing to intensive respiratory CO2and lactic acid production, cancer cells are exposed continuously to large acid–base fluxes, which would disturb pH if uncorrected. The large cellular reservoir of H+-binding sites can buffer pH changes but, on its own, is inadequate to regulate intracellular pH. To stabilize intracellular pH at a favourable level, cells control trans-membrane traffic of H+-ions (or their chemical equivalents, e.g. ) using specialized transporter proteins sensitive to pH. In poorly perfused tumours, additional diffusion-reaction mechanisms, involving carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes, fine-tune control extracellular pH. The ability of H+-ions to change the ionization state of proteins underlies the exquisite pH sensitivity of cellular behaviour, including key processes in cancer formation and metastasis (proliferation, cell cycle, transformation, migration). Elevated metabolism, weakened cell-to-capillary diffusive coupling, and adaptations involving H+/H+-equivalent transporters and extracellular-facing CAs give cancer cells the means to manipulate micro-environmental acidity, a cancer hallmark. Through genetic instability, the cellular apparatus for regulating and sensing pH is able to adapt to extracellular acidity, driving disease progression. The therapeutic potential of disturbing this sequence by targeting H+/H+-equivalent transporters, buffering or CAs is being investigated, using monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors.
What is the source of acidity in aerobic metabolism?
This acid–base disturbance is then cancelled out by ATP break-down elsewhere in the cell. As a result, the source of acidity from aerobic metabolism is CO2, once it hydrates to H+and ions. Under anaerobic conditions, glycolytic ATP production is coupled to the chemical conversion of glucose to anionic lactate [15]:
What is the glucose utilization rate of cancer cells?
This explains the high glucose utilization rate, measured to be most typically in the range 0.1–1 µmol (g tissue)−1min−1[14]. Under aerobic conditions, respiration of glucose to CO2is coupled to the production of ATP, which consumes an H+ion:
Why is the H+ ion important?
The biological potency and chemical omnipresence of H+ions highlight the importance of regulatingpH (where pH is controlled to suit protein function) and of adaptingbiology to a particular pH level (where gene products are selected or changed on the basis of ambient pH). As will be explained below, these processes are believed to play an important role in cancer disease progression.
Why does the pH of a cell drop?
Why? In the absence of oxygen, glucose undergoes fermentation to lactic acid. This causes the pH of the cell to drop from between 7.3 to 7.2 down to 7 and later to 6.5 in more advanced stages of cancer. And in metastases the pH drops to 6.0 and even 5.7 or lower.
What minerals are used to treat cancer?
Cesium, rubidium and potassium are powerful alkali electron acceptors, or oxidizing agents, like forms of oxygen used by the immune system to fight cancer. These alkaline minerals enter cancer cells in proportion to their concentration, effectively raising cancer cell pH. (Dr. A. Keith Brewer, High pH Cancer Therapy With Cesium, page 3) Potassium, rubidium and cesium are similar in action to sodium and their chloride salts have about the same toxicity. Adverse effects are only seen in very high doses. (Dr. A. Keith Brewer, High pH Cancer Therapy With Cesium, page 5-6) Chloride is efficiently scavenged in the gut by Chitosan, while the alkaline minerals are not affected by it. Chitosan is widely used in cancer and other treatments in Japan, with doses of 3 to 15 capsules a day.
What minerals are most readily absorbed by cancer cells?
Dr. Brewer found that cesium, rubidium and potassium are the alkaline minerals most readily absorbed by cancer cells. Dr. Brewer discovered that the diet of virtually cancer-free populations in certain areas of the world (Hunza Valley in Pakistan, Caucasus, Vilcabamba Valley in Equador, and the Hopi Indians of the United States) are rich in all the essential minerals such as cesium, rubidium and potassium, and that these diets are essentially a natural High pH Therapy.
What are the two factors that are always present with cancer?
There are two factors that are always present with cancer, no matter what else may be present. Those two factors are acid pH and lack of oxygen. Can we manipulate those two factors that always have to be present for cancer to develop and by doing so will that help reverse the cancer? If so, we need to learn how to manipulate those two factors. A normal human cell has a lot of molecular oxygen and a slightly alkaline pH. A cancer cell has an acid pH and a serious lack of oxygen. Cancer cells do not survive in an oxygen rich environment. At a pH slightly above 7.4, cancer cells become dormant and at pH 8.5 cancer cells die, while healthy cells will live. Terminal cancer patients are around 1000 times more acidic than normal healthy people. The vast majority of terminal cancer patients possess a very low body pH.
What is the optimal pH for enzymes?
A collection of enzymes can be ascribed an optimal pH; for example, the ensemble of cytoplasmic enzymes, including those involved in glycolysis, is predicted to operate optimally near pH 7.3 [ 5 ], and it should be in the interest of cells to maintain cytoplasmic pH near to this level.
How does genetic mutation affect pH?
The first involves a re-modeling of pH sensitivity, which could be achieved through genetic mutations involving titratable residues , such as histidines [ 4, 24, 25, 26 ]. The protonation state of histidine changes dramatically over the expanded physiological range, bestowing proteins with exquisite pH-dependence [ 27, 28, 29 ]. A shift in the pH sensitivity curve may, for example, allow mutant proteins to remain active even at an abnormal level of pH [ 4 ]. The scope of this effect on cell biology is, however, restricted to the functional remit of the mutated protein.
Why does glycolysis decrease at low pH?
This reasoning may explain why the cell’s set point pH i tends to decrease at low pH e: a pre-emptive action to limit the degree of lactate accumulation.
What does MCT mean in cancer cells?
Schematic of a cancer cell, showing the major molecules involved in pH regulation. The complexity of the system is factually correct, but unpalatable for estimating the distribution of H + ions fluxes through the various processes, deriving a value for the steady-state pH i, or predicting how the system would respond to changes in one or more of these processes. MCT: H + -monocarboxylate transport; CA: carbonic anhydrase; CHE: Cl − /OH − exchange; AE: anion exchange; NBCe: electrogenic Na + -HCO 3− cotransport; NBCn: electroneutral Na + -HCO 3− cotransport; NHE: Na + /H + exchange; organelle: acidic lysosome/endosome with V-type ATPase
How do cells adapt to acidic microenvironments?
Since a large fraction of pH-sensitive proteins resides inside cells, another adaptation to an acidic microenvironment is for cells to defend a favorable (usually alkaline) intracellular pH (pH i ), using an appropriately powered homeostatic mechanism. This adaptive strategy has the advantage of influencing all intracellular proteins collectively. A “perfect” homeostatic system would keep the pH of the internal environment constant at the set point, irrespective of the external conditions or other constraints; in achieving this, cells acquire a substantial degree of independence, which is particularly empowering for cancer cells. However, cells placed under acid stress will not universally manifest such perfect pH i homeostasis; instead, there will be variation in regulatory prowess which relates to “acid fitness” and could provide substrate for selection pressures. pH-regulatory proteins underpin this phenotype, and in recent years, much attention has been given to testing their therapeutic utility [ 30, 31, 32, 33 ].
Does pH feed back on metabolic rate?
In parallel, pH feeds back on metabolic rate through the inhibitory effect of intracellular H + ions on glycolytic enzymes (Fig. 6 a (right)) [ 21 ]. For example, phosphofructokinase, the enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step of glycolysis, manifests a steep pH-sensitivity.
What pH environment do cancer cells live in?
As cancer cells are thus born only when this cancer-fungus feeds on lactic acid in the cell [in a low pH environment], we can see now why Otto Warburg observed cancer cells find it difficult to survive in a pH environment of 7.5 or greater.
How to correct cell pH?
Step 1 is an artificial means of correcting cell pH in a quick and timely manner of 5 weeks. It is essentially a Band-Aid effect, for the real cause of acidity in cells is repressed toxic negative emotions (of anger, hate, resentment, and/or grief) that causes chronic levels of internal stress; which (as described in the 6 phases of cancer ) deplete all-important adrenaline reserves, breaking the cell's Krebs' Citric Acid Cycle, which creates a build-up of lactic acid in the cell. At Puna Wai Ora we have seen many patients who have attempted to correct cell pH with an alkalize diet alone, or with another alkalizing substance such as Pleo Sanuvis, and because they have not removed the toxic negative emotions, the cell acidity returns. It is thus recommended to take immediate action to begin removing the toxic negative emotions that, until removed, continue to create acidity in the cell.
Why do cancer cells have high cortisol levels?
This is because those diagnosed with cancer have significantly elevated stress hormone cortisol levels, which deplete all-important adrenaline reserves (as outlined in phase 2 of cancer ), breaking the cell's Kreb's Citric Acid Cycle, causing cell mutation and cancer.
Why do cancer cells thrive in acidic environments?
As revealed in the 6 Phases of Cancer, normal cells become highly acidic due to prolonged chronic psycho-emotional stress depleting adrenaline reserves, breaking the cell's Krebs' Citric Acid Cycle. This causes the cell to ferment glucose as an alternative means of obtaining smaller amounts of ATP energy, and lactic acid is released as the natural by-product of this process. In response, somatids (tiny micro-organisms necessary for life that live in our blood) pleomorphise (or change) into pathogenic viral-bacterial-yeast-like fungus to ferment rising glucose and lactic acid in cells, migrating to the cell nucleus and releasing highly acidic waste products called "mycotoxins", inhibiting cell DNA repair and causing normal cells to mutate into cancer cells. As cancer cells are thus born only when this cancer-fungus feeds on lactic acid in the cell [in a low pH environment], we can see now why Otto Warburg observed cancer cells find it difficult to survive in a pH environment of 7.5 or greater. Thus, it is critical for the cancer patient to re-alkalize the pH of your body's cells to 7.5 or greater, using the following 3 steps.
How long does it take for lactic acid to re-alkalize?
In an excerpt from her book in phase 2 of cancer, Dr Fryda's explains the mechanism of dextrorotatory lactic acid (a naturally-occurring substance in the body) and how, when ingested in homeopathic form, can re-alkalize the body's tissues and cells within a 5 week period.
Why does cancer exist?
Cancer can only exist when the Krebs' Citric Acid Cycle of a person's body cells is broken. And this is due to adrenaline depletion (in phase 2 ), niacin deficiency (in phase 4) and vitamin C depletion (in phase 5 ), all of which are caused by prolonged chronic stress.
What are the emotions that cause cancer?
As revealed in the 6 phases of cancer, it is suppressed negative emotions (principally anger, hate, resentment and grief ) which cause and continue to fuel cancer at the cellular level. Finding a way to remove these toxic emotions is critical to long term cancer recovery.
