What is confidential information and how do you protect it?
Confidentiality and the limits thereof must be discussed with the child and family. Documentation is a very important aspect of assessment and must be strictly maintained. A comprehensive clinical assessment goes a long way in ensuring interventions in the best interest of …
What does a therapist do with confidential information?
Oct 08, 2021 · Confidentiality is important because: It builds trust. It promotes confidence (in the healthcare system, in the school system, in the workplace etcetera). It prevents misuse of confidential information (illegal or immoral use). It protects reputation. Employment may depend on it (e.g. non-disclosure agreement). It ensures compliance with the law.
What should the clinician do to ensure confidentiality of the evaluation?
What is Confidentiality? Confidentiality means the state of keeping secret or not disclosing information. It comes from confide, meaning to trust someone or tell secrets to them. Confidential information, therefore, is information that should be kept private or secret. Confidentiality is simply the act of keeping that information private.
What is confidentiality in the workplace?
Confidentiality pertains to the treatment of information that an individual has disclosed in a relationship of trust and with the expectation that it will not be divulged to others without permission in ways that are inconsistent with the understanding of the original disclosure.
What is confidentiality and why is it important?
Confidentiality builds trust between employer and employee and business owners have an obligation to keep staff information secure and trusted. Employees will feel reassured knowing that their personal information is being retained and used appropriately.
Why is confidentiality so important in healthcare?
Patient confidentiality is necessary for building trust between patients and medical professionals. Patients are more likely to disclose health information if they trust their healthcare practitioners. Trust-based physician-patient relationships can lead to better interactions and higher-quality health visits.
What does confidentiality mean in healthcare?
Confidentiality in the medical setting refers to “the principle of keeping secure and secret from others, information given by or about an individual in the course of a professional relationship,”1 and it is the right of every patient, even after death.
Why is confidentiality important in NHS?
It is important that NHS England and NHS Improvement protect and safeguard person-identifiable and confidential business information that it gathers, creates processes and discloses, in order to comply with the law, relevant NHS mandatory requirements and to provide assurance to patients and the public.
Why is confidentiality important in therapy?
Confidentiality is a respected part of psychology's code of ethics. Psychologists understand that for people to feel comfortable talking about private and revealing information, they need a safe place to talk about anything they'd like, without fear of that information leaving the room.Oct 19, 2019
Why is it important to maintain privacy confidentiality and disclosure?
Firstly, it helps to maintain privacy and confidentiality expectations. Secondly, it allows for the opportunity to ethically disclose personal information and provide critical information to health professionals, often in times of significant need within an individual's life or in order to protect public health.Jun 29, 2021
What is confidentiality in therapy?
Confidentiality is an important aspect of counseling. This means that under normal circumstances no one outside the Counseling Center is given any information — even the fact that you have been here — without your expressed written consent.
What are the rules of confidentiality in therapy?
Confidentiality is both a legal and an ethical issue. Generally, therapists are prohibited from disclosing confidential communications to any third party, unless mandated or permitted by law to do so.
How do you ensure confidentiality?
Here are 8 suggestions to help keep your confidential business documents secureImplement a Workplace Information Destruction Policy. ... Implement a Clean Desk Policy. ... Train Employees on the Importance of Document Security. ... Include a non-disclosure clause in employment agreements. ... Limit access to sensitive information.More items...
How do you maintain privacy and confidentiality in healthcare?
5 important ways to maintain patient confidentialityCreate thorough policies and confidentiality agreements. ... Provide regular training. ... Make sure all information is stored on secure systems. ... No mobile phones. ... Think about printing.Sep 24, 2019
Why is confidentiality important in the workplace?
Confidentiality, or not disclosing certain information, is important in a wide range of jobs. Confidentiality matters for legal and reputational reasons, and it also matters because your future employment may depend on it. Some information is protected by law in several ...
What does confidentiality mean?
Confidentiality means the state of keeping secret or not disclosing information. It comes from confide, meaning to trust someone or tell secrets to them. Confidential information, therefore, is information that should be kept private or secret. Confidentiality is simply the act of keeping that information private.
Is confidentiality common sense?
Much about confidentiality is either common sense, or covered by professional standards. It follows that you need to protect information that is about an individual, and which they would not want disclosed more widely. What is changing, and rapidly, is the way the law regards wider disclosure. Tolerance is decreasing.
What is employee information?
Employee Information. In the course of the job, you will hear information about individuals within your organisation. Some of this will be unsubstantiated gossip, and some will be information that you have come across in the course of your work, especially if you are a line manager or you work in human resources.
Is customer information a trade secret?
Customer and contact information is partially covered by ‘trade secrets’. However, forthcoming changes to data protection law in Europe (and relating to any data held on a citizen of a European Union country) means that it needs to be considered and held differently.
What happens if you break the law?
If you break those laws, you are likely to be personally liable and potentially face prosecution. 2. Managerial Information.
Can you disclose personal information without consent?
Most personal information (that is, any information which is personal to an individual, such as national insurance numbers, full name, address, email address or similar) cannot, by law, be disclosed without consent.
How does a mental health professional assess a client?
For a mental health professional to be able to effectively help treat a client and know that the treatment selected worked (or is working), he/she first must engage in the clinical assessment of the client, or collecting information and drawing conclusions through the use of observation, psychological tests, neurological tests, and interviews to determine the person’s problem and the presenting symptoms. This collection of information involves learning about the client’s skills, abilities, personality characteristics, cognitive and emotional functioning, the social context in terms of environmental stressors that are faced, and cultural factors particular to them such as their language or ethnicity. Clinical assessment is not just conducted at the beginning of the process of seeking help but throughout the process. Why is that?
What are the three critical concepts of assessment?
The assessment process involves three critical concepts – reliability, validity, and standardization . Actually, these three are important to science in general. First, we want the assessment to be reliable or consistent. Outside of clinical assessment, when our car has an issue and we take it to the mechanic, we want to make sure that what one mechanic says is wrong with our car is the same as what another says, or even two others. If not, the measurement tools they use to assess cars are flawed. The same is true of a patient who is suffering from a mental disorder. If one mental health professional says the person suffers from major depressive disorder and another says the issue is borderline personality disorder, then there is an issue with the assessment tool being used (in this case, the DSM and more on that in a bit). Ensuring that two different raters are consistent in their assessment of patients is called interrater reliability. Another type of reliability occurs when a person takes a test one day, and then the same test on another day. We would expect the person’s answers to be consistent, which is called test-retest reliability. For example, let’s say the person takes the MMPI on Tuesday and then the same test on Friday. Unless something miraculous or tragic happened over the two days in between tests, the scores on the MMPI should be nearly identical to one another. What does identical mean? The score at test and the score at retest are correlated with one another. If the test is reliable, the correlation should be very high (remember, a correlation goes from -1.00 to +1.00, and positive means as one score goes up, so does the other, so the correlation for the two tests should be high on the positive side).
What is module 3 of the DSM-5?
Module 3 covers the issues of clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. We will define assessment and then describe key issues such as reliability, validity, standardization, and specific methods that are used. In terms of clinical diagnosis, we will discuss the two main classification systems used around the world – the DSM-5 and ICD-10. Finally, we discuss the reasons why people may seek treatment and what to expect when doing so.
When was the DSM 5 published?
3.2.2.1. A brief history of the DSM. The DSM-5 was published in 2013 and took the place of the DSM IV-TR (TR means Text Revision; published in 2000), but the history of the DSM goes back to 1944 when the American Psychiatric Association published a predecessor of the DSM which was a “statistical classification of institutionalized mental patients” and “…was designed to improve communication about the types of patients cared for in these hospitals” (APA, 2013, p. 6). The DSM evolved through four major editions after World War II into a diagnostic classification system to be used psychiatrists and physicians, but also other mental health professionals. The Herculean task of revising the DSM began in 1999 when the APA embarked upon an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the DSM in coordination with the World Health Organization (WHO) Division of Mental Health, the World Psychiatric Association, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). This collaboration resulted in the publication of a monograph in 2002 called A Research Agenda for DSM-V. From 2003 to 2008, the APA, WHO, NIMH, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) convened 13 international DSM-5 research planning conferences “to review the world literature in specific diagnostic areas to prepare for revisions in developing both DSM-5 and the International Classification of Disease, 11th Revision (ICD-11)” (APA, 2013).
When was the DSM revised?
The Herculean task of revising the DSM began in 1999 when the APA embarked upon an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the DSM in coordination with the World Health Organization (WHO) Division of Mental Health, the World Psychiatric Association, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).
What are the limitations of an interview?
The limitation of the interview is that it lacks reliability, especially in the case of the unstructured interview. 3.1.3.3. Psychological tests and inventories. Psychological tests assess the client’s personality, social skills, cognitive abilities, emotions, behavioral responses, or interests.
What is MRI imaging?
Images are produced that yield information about the functioning of the brain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI provides 3D images of the brain or other body structures using magnetic fields and computers. It can detect brain and spinal cord tumors or nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis.
What is the primary obligation of a psychologist to protect confidential information?
4.01 Maintaining Confidentiality#N#Psychologists have a primary obligation and take reasonable precautions to protect confidential information obtained through or stored in any medium, recognizing that the extent and limits of confidentiality may be regulated by law or established by institutional rules or professional or scientific relationship.
When counseling minor clients or adult clients who lack the capacity to give voluntary, informed consent, what is the role of
When counseling minor clients or adult clients who lack the capacity to give voluntary, informed consent, counselors protect the confidentiality of information received— in any medium—in the counseling relationship as specified by federal and state laws, written policies, and applicable ethical standards. B.5.b.
Why are marriage and family therapists confidential?
Marriage and family therapists have unique confidentiality concerns because the client in a therapeutic relationship may be more than one person. Therapists respect and guard the confidences of each individual client.
What is a couples and family counselor?
In couples and family counseling, counselors clearly define who is considered “the client” and discuss expectations and limitations of confidentiality. Counselors seek agreement and document in writing such agreement among all involved parties regarding the confidentiality of information.
What is ethical research?
The ethical researcher understands that information obtained about research participants during the course of an investigation is confidential. When the possibility exists that others may obtain access to such information, participants are made aware of the possibility and the plan for protecting confidentiality and for storage and disposal of research records.
Do CMHCs have to respect confidentiality?
c. Depending on the applicable state laws , the circumstances of the situation, and after seeking consultation and supervision from competent professional and legal entities, CMHCs have the option to respect the confidentiality of terminally ill clients who plan to end their lives.
Is clinical supervision confidential?
Clinical supervision is a part of the treatment process, and therefore all of the clinical information shared between a supervisee and supervisor is confidential. Clinical supervisors do not disclose client information except:
What is the role of assessment in learning?
The Role of Assessment in Learning. Assessment plays a major role in how students learn, their motivation to learn, and how teachers teach. Assessment is used for various purposes.
What is the most important part of assessment?
The most important part of assessment is the interpretation and use of the information that is gleaned for its intended purpose. Assessment is embedded in the learning process. It is tightly interconnected with curriculum and instruction.
What is instruction and assessment?
Instruction and assessment are based on clear learning goals. Instruction and assessment are differentiated according to student learning needs. Students are involved in the learning process (they understand the learning goal and the criteria for quality work, receive and use descriptive feedback, and take steps to adjust their performance) ...
What is assessment in education?
Assessment as learning: where students develop an awareness of how they learn and use that awareness to adjust and advance their learning, taking an increased responsibility for their learning.
Why are there many components to a patient's cultural identity that go beyond the concepts of ethnicity and race?
There are many components to a patient’s cultural identity that go beyond the concepts of ethnicity and race, because a person may have several cultural reference groups. For example, two Hispanic persons may come from Mexico but may have different cultural identities depending on what socioeconomic status and geographical region from which they originated. Multiple factors affect an individual’s cultural identity (Table 18—1).
How to make culturally appropriate formulations?
The first step is to show empathy during the interview and then to elicit the patient’s perspective on the illness. Next, the patient’s experience can be assessed in the context of the patient’s family, workplace, health care systems, and community. Finally, the patient’s illness can be diagnosed both through DSM-IV categories and through the patient’s cultural idioms of distress. Hinton and Kleinman’s overall schema is similar to the one developed by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Culture and Diagnosis Group (Mezzich et al. 1993). The DSM-IV outline for cultural formulation includes the following: Cultural identity of the individual. Note the individual’s ethnic or cultural reference groups. For immigrants and ethnic minorities, note separately the degree of involvement with both the culture of origin and the host culture (where applicable). Also note language abilities, use, and preferences (including multilingualism).
Why is it important to consider culture?
A consideration of culture is essential in the process of the interview, case formulation, diagnosis, and treatment of culturally diverse individuals. The evaluation of these individuals raises many issues that clinicians need to address to formulate an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan that will be acceptable to the patient.
What is cultural formulation?
The cultural formulation highlights the effect of culture on the expression of symptoms, definition of illness, and treatment. In the past, many authors have discussed the importance of considering the effect of culture on diagnosis and treatment.
What is culture in psychology?
Culture has many meanings and can be thought of as the beliefs, customs, technologic achievements, language, and history of a group of similar people (Johnson 1988). Alternatively, it can be thought of as the values, meaning, and behaviors that are transmitted by the dominant group.
How does age affect identity?
As with gender, age interacts with the other aspects of cultural identity to influence development and psychiatric assessment and treatment. For example, I. Canino and Spurlock (1994) offered clinical guidelines for working with economically disadvantaged children and adolescents from culturally diverse backgrounds that recognize the significance of cultural variations in help-seeking behavior, discrimination, and socioeconomic pressures on children’s adaptive responses and mental health. The American Psychiatric Association (1994b) Task Force on Ethnic Minority Elderly also presented specific outlines for clinical care of the elderly from the four major ethnic minority groups.#N#Sexual Orientation#N#Sexual orientation defines an essential aspect of one’s cultural identity. Stein (1993) extensively reviewed the development and meaning of lesbian, gay, and bisexual identities. Furthermore, assessment and treatment implications are outlined for persons with these sexual orientation identities across ethnic, age, and class groups to acknowledge the synergistic impact of these aspects of cultural identity. This work will be greatly expanded on in a forthcoming work by Cabaj and Stein (in press).
What is the difference between Eastern and Western cultures?
In general, Eastern cultures favor a group identity, whereas Western cultures favor individual autonomy. Another significant difference is the concept of the body. Western societies tend to see the mind and body as separate, whereas Eastern societies tend to see the mind and body as a whole.
Why is it important to focus on interactions during the assessment process?
It is important that appropriate focus be placed on interactions during the assessment process related to gathering information about the child as well as clarifying roles of assessor and family members during the assessment process.
What is the purpose of interpretations of results?
Interpretations of results should extend beyond descriptive reporting and be at a level that facilitates parent understanding and involvement in addressing the needs of their child. Families usually want to know and should be given information about delays, interventions, services, and strategies that are appropriate for their child. Beyond the discussion and planning for eligibility of services, parents should be offered information to assist them in accessing community services.
What is biopsychosocial assessment?
The biopsychosocial assessment is the first part of the assessment process. The ability of the counselor to perform this task well is very important. Assessment is a large part of treatment and continues throughout the course of treatment. The counselor must assess the client on a regular basis.
What is an intake assessment?
Intake and assessment is a tool that can be used to build the therapeutic relationship. It is concerned primarily with gathering information so that the clinician can put together a working base to deal with a clients issues.
