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| Word | Definition |
| Coagulation | The process of destabilizing the natural ... |
| Coagulant | Any material that is used to instigate t ... |
| Flocculation | The process of encouraging collisions be ... |
| Sedimentation | The process of encouraging the settling ... |
What is the difference between coagulation and flocculation?
Apr 03, 2018 · Coagulation and flocculation for wastewater treatment represent tested ways to improve efficiency and remove a high volume of particles. Coagulation clumps contaminants together so they are more easily removed. Flocculating agents in wastewater treatment are used to remove contaminants. Get the details here.
What is the goal of flocculation in water treatment?
6 rows · first process in drinking water treatment, coagulation, is to destabilize the particles and ...
What is the process of flocculation?
Coagulation and Flocculation . Groundwater and surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. Correct application of coagulation and flocculation depends upon these factors.
What is the difference between flocculation and agglutination?
May 05, 2021 · While the coagulation process may be completed in only three minutes, there is more work to be done in treating the water after this point. What is flocculation and how is it used in water treatment? Flocculation is the process of encouraging the formation of flocs, or small clumps, from solids in the water. The water is mixed and activated slowly, allowing movement …
What is coagulation process in water treatment?
Coagulation is the chemical water treatment process used to remove solids from water, by manipulating electrostatic charges of particles suspended in water. This process introduces small, highly charged molecules into water to destabilize the charges on particles, colloids, or oily materials in suspension.Dec 19, 2019
What is the difference between flocculant and coagulant?
Coagulation is a chemical process. Flocculation is a physical process. Coagulants such as inorganic salts of aluminum or iron that neutralize the suspended particles are added during coagulation. Flocculant such as an organic polymer that involves in bridging and strengthening the flocs is added.Dec 10, 2017
What is the definition of flocculation in water treatment?
4 Flocculation. Flocculation is a process by which a chemical coagulant added to the water acts to facilitate bonding between particles, creating larger aggregates which are easier to separate. The method is widely used in water treatment plants and can also be applied to sample processing for monitoring applications.
What is meant by coagulation and flocculation?
Coagulation is the destabilization of colloidal particles brought about by the addition of a chemical reagent called as coagulant. Flocculation is the agglomeration of destabilized particles into microfloc and after into bulky floccules which can be settled called floc.
What are coagulants?
Coagulants are a substance which cause particles in a liquid to curdle and clot together. Particles stay suspended in water rather than settling because they carry surface electrical charges that mutually repel each other.Jan 4, 2016
What is the main objective of coagulation and flocculation?
Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. Correct application of coagulation and flocculation depends upon these factors.
Why is chlorine used in the water treatment process?
Chlorination is the process of adding chlorine to drinking water to kill parasites, bacteria, and viruses.
What is flocculation separation?
flocculation, in physical chemistry, separation of solid particles from a liquid to form loose aggregations or soft flakes. These flocculates are easily disrupted, being held together only by a force analogous to the surface tension of a liquid.
What are the steps of surface water treatment?
In this lesson students learn about the first three steps of a conventional surface water treatment plant: coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation. They learn the basic chemistry behind destabilizing natural water particles and the physics behind encouraging the collision of those particles to form flocs that will settle out of solution. Students acquire knowledge about the specifics of the three processes, while enforcing an understanding of how each process works within the overall design of water treatment.
What is the last process to the first barrier against water contamination?
The last process to the first barrier against water contamination is sedimentation . During sedimentation, the flow of the water is slowed to resemble a calm environment. As the water is calmed, the large flocs that have been formed settle to the bottom of the sedimentation basin, sometimes called a clarifier. As the flocs are settling to the bottom, the relatively particle free water passes over a system of weirs and moves to the filtration process.
What are the three processes of treatment?
The first three processes of treatment make up the first barrier against contaminants. The main goal of coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation is to remove the particles, which could be harmful to human health, from the water. If done correctly, a majority of the incoming particles formed flocs and settled out in the sedimentation basin, yet there inevitably will be smaller particles or flocs that remain suspended in the water as it leaves. Although the probability of contaminates in the water leaving the sedimentation basin has been greatly reduced, to remove the remaining particles or flocs the water must be first passed through a media filter, which is the second barrier between potential pathogens and the consumer.
Why are particles in water considered stable?
The cause of this stability is static electricity. Particles in natural waters are coated with macromolecules called ‘natural organic matter,’ which are produced by the decomposition of organic matter such as leaves, living organisms, aquatic plants, etc. Natural organic matter has functional groups that at neutral pH’s are negatively charged, giving the overall charge of the particles. Because all of the particles are negatively charge, they are repelled by one another so that the particles cannot collide and stick together to form larger and larger particles. Therefore, the goal of the first process in drinking water treatment, coagulation, is to destabilize the particles and allow them the potential to collide and stick together.
Why are coagulant chemicals added to water?
Coagulant chemicals with charges opposite those of the suspended solids are added to the water to neutralize the negative charges on non-settlable solids (such as clay and color-producing organic substances).
What are the most commonly used coagulants?
Inorganic coagulants such as aluminum and iron salts are the most commonly used. When added to water, these highly charged ions to neutralize the suspended particles. The inorganic hydroxides that are formed produce short polymer chains which enhance microfloc formation.
What is coagulation and how is it used in water treatment?
Coagulation is the process of adding specific chemicals to untreated water in order to destabilize the particles within the water. In most cases, aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride is added to achieve this. These particles have positive charges that are opposite to the negative charges of suspended particles within the water.
What is flocculation and how is it used in water treatment?
Flocculation is the process of encouraging the formation of flocs, or small clumps, from solids in the water. The water is mixed and activated slowly, allowing movement of particles and micro solid throughout the waste water treatment chamber.
Deploying coagulation and flocculation together in sequence
Where coagulation is found to be lacking — i.e., in creating large macro flocs that can be easily filtered and removed — flocculation can help. In areas where flocculation is inadequate by itself — for example, in targeting the particles that are suspended within the untreated water — coagulation is useful.
