What does CCD stand for?
In the Catholic Church, CCD stands for the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. In 1562, an organization founded CCD in Rome as a focus on religious instruction. In modern day usage, CCD is a religious education program provided to children by the Catholic church. Earliest forms...
What is CCCCF water?
CCF stands for "centum cubic feet," which means 100 cubic feet or 748 gallons of water, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
What is the charge per CCF of water used?
The charge per CCF of water used varies depending on thewater utility company and the company’s billing structure. It covers the cost of providing water, including the cost of chemical water treatment and the energy used to deliver the water.
What is CCD in water?
Carbonate compensation depth (CCD) is the depth in the oceans below which the rate of supply of calcite (calcium carbonate) lags behind the rate of solvation, such that no calcite is preserved.
How deep is the CCD on average?
In the Indian Ocean and the Pacific, the CCD is typically found at depths between 3,500 and 4,500 m. In the North Atlantic and the eastern South Atlantic, the CCD occurs deeper than 5,000 m.
What is CCD marine science?
calcite compensation depth (CCD), in oceanography, the depth at which the rate of carbonate accumulation equals the rate of carbonate dissolution. The input of carbonate to the ocean is through rivers and deep-sea hydrothermal vents.
What causes CCD ocean?
In the deep ocean, carbonate particles in bottom sediments are supplied by the die-off of surface plankton that secrete calcium carbonate tests or shells.
Will CCD rise or fall with global warming?
Therefore, the production of calcium carbonate will probably decline, although conversely global warming, increasing stratification and sea level rise may also stimulate increases in global calcification.
What factors can affect the CCD?
Calcium carbonate solubility increases with increasing carbon dioxide content, lower temperatures, and increasing pressure. Other factors that can influence the dissolution of calcium carbonate: organic coatings on the grains, size of the grain (smaller grains dissolve faster).
Which of the oceans have the deepest CCD and why?
CCD is found deepest in the North Atlantic Ocean (50°N) at about 5,000 m moving upwards continuously in the water column to 3,000 m in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean (60°S) and, in turn, CCD is found deepest in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean (60°S) at about 4,500 m moving upwards to 3,000 m in the ...
What is the difference between lysocline and CCD?
The lysocline and carbonate compensation depth (CCD) are two phenomena that affect the stability of calcite and aragonite in the deep ocean. The lysocline is the depth at which the rate of dissolution of calcite begins to increase dramatically.
What is CCD shoaling?
Rapid shoaling of the lysocline and calcite compensation depth (CCD) is a predicted response of CO2 or CH4 input; however, the extent of this shoaling is poorly constrained.
What controls dissolution of calcium carbonate?
2 Dissolution of calcium carbonate in other acids The use of phosphoric acid in order to control both pH and dissolved calcium concentration was first proposed many years ago [7] and continues to be practised. Both of these compounds will produce insoluble salts on reaction with calcium carbonate.
Why is CCD important?
Our role in the federal response to CCD is to keep abreast of and help advance research investigating pesticide effects on pollinators. While our longstanding regulatory requirements for pesticides are designed to protect beneficial insects such as bees, since 2007 we have been taking action to protect pollinators.
Where does calcium carbonate dissolve?
seawaterCalcium carbonate can dissolve in seawater to form calcium and hydrogen carbonate ions. Several crystal structures of calcium carbonate are found in the marine environment. The most common crystal structures in the ocean are calcite and aragonite, but also ikaite occurs in cold-water environments.