Preparation & Administration 4.5 mg taxol and 5ml DMSO
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
This medication is used to treat a certain bladder condition.
What is the typical dose intensity of Taxol?
What Taxol Is Used For: Taxol is used for the treatment of breast, ovarian, lung, bladder, prostate, melanoma, esophageal, as well as other types of solid tumor cancers. It has also been used in Kaposi's sarcoma. Note: If a drug has been approved for one use, physicians sometimes elect to use this same drug for other problems if they believe it ...
How is Taxol given?
Aug 09, 2017 · 2. Taxol ®-Mediated Cell Death Is Concentration Dependent. Although Taxol ® was primarily thought of as a drug that acts in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, it has become clear that Taxol ® has effects on microtubules throughout the cell cycle; its presence in a cell has a variety of consequences, many of which occur in interphase cells [12,13].For example, in …
What blood count should be monitored during Taxol treatment?
Sep 25, 2015 · 4.5 mg taxol and 5ml DMSO (>99% and sterile) in 100ml saline administrated in about 30min. Note that teh dose above may be 100 smaller than the dose used for chemo therapies and is non toxic to normal cells.
How does Taxol stabilize microtubules?
Taxol® (NSC 125973) Paclitaxel, the most well-known natural-source cancer drug in the United States, is derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree ( Taxus brevifolia) and is used in the treatment of breast, lung, and ovarian cancer, as well as Kaposi's sarcoma. 1962 Samples of the Pacific yew's bark were first collected in 1962 by researchers from the U.S. Department of …
How do you dilute paclitaxel?
TAXOL (paclitaxel) Injection must be diluted prior to infusion. TAXOL should be diluted in 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP; 5% Dextrose Injection, USP; 5% Dextrose and 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP; or 5% Dextrose in Ringer's Injection to a final concentration of 0.3 to 1.2 mg/mL.
What is used in treatment of cancer Taxol?
Taxol (generic name paclitaxel) is a microtubule-stabilizing drug that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ovarian, breast, and lung cancer, as well as Kaposi's sarcoma.
How is Taxol chemo administered?
Taxol is given as an injection or infusion into the vein (intravenous, IV). Taxol is an irritant. An irritant is a chemical that can cause inflammation of the vein through which it is given. If the medication escapes from the vein it can cause tissue damage.
How is chemotherapy dosed?
Determining a chemotherapy schedule (cycle) Chemotherapy is commonly given at regular intervals called cycles. A cycle may be a dose of one or more drugs on one or more days, followed by several days or weeks without treatment. This gives normal cells time to recover from drug side effects.
Why is Taxol given weekly?
The rationale for dose-dense weekly paclitaxel in the treatment of breast cancer is that more frequent delivery of more moderate doses may achieve greater efficacy than larger doses given less often through more sustained exposure of dividing tumor cells to cytotoxic drugs.
How long is Taxol infusion?
The efficacy and tolerability of paclitaxel (Taxol) has been established through numerous phase II and III clinical trials that mostly evaluated doses ranging from 135 mg/m² to 250 mg/m² and infusion durations of 3, 24, or 96 hours.
Does weekly Taxol cause hair loss?
Paclitaxel causes hair loss. Most people will lose all their hair, including eyebrows, eyelashes and body hair. You may begin to lose your hair about two weeks after the first treatment, but it can happen earlier.
Is Taxol called the Red Devil?
“It's also known as the 'red devil' because it is red in colour and extremely toxic,” she adds. This was followed by two sessions of Taxol chemotherapy over two months, every 22 days.
Is Taxol worse than Adriamycin?
HAMBURG-In previously un-treated women with advanced breast cancer, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) yields a higher response rate and longer progression-free survival than does paclitaxel (Taxol), according to the results of a randomized crossover trial conducted by the EORTC and presented at the Ninth European Cancer ...
Is there a limit to how much chemotherapy you can have?
There's no way to give an exact time limit. The answer depends entirely on your situation and many factors, such as: The type of cancer you have. The treatment schedule or plan.
Is chemo based on body weight?
“Adjuvant chemotherapy is dosed according to a person's body surface area, which is calculated from their height and weight.
Are there different doses of chemotherapy?
Most cycles range from 2 to 6 weeks. The number of treatment doses scheduled within each cycle also depends on the prescribed chemotherapy. For example, each cycle may contain only 1 dose on the first day. Or, a cycle may contain more than 1 dose given each week or each day.
Can paclitaxel be administered under a physician's supervision?
TAXOL® (paclitaxel) should be administered under the supervision of a physician experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Appropriate management of complications is possible only when adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities are readily available.
How long does it take to relapse from TAXOL?
TAXOL is indicated for the treatment of breast cancer after failure of combination chemotherapy for metastatic disease or relapse within 6 months of adjuvant chemotherapy. Prior therapy should have included an anthracycline unless clinically contraindicated.
Is taxol a first line treatment?
TAXOL, in combination with ci splatin, is indicated for the first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in patients who are not candidates for potentially curative surgery and/or radiation therapy. TAXOL is indicated for the second-line treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma. CONTRAINDICATIONS.
Is taxol cytotoxic?
Preparation and Administration Precautions. TAXOL is a cytotoxic anticancer drug and, as with other potentially toxic compounds, caution should be exercised in handling TAXOL. The use of gloves is recommended. If TAXOL solution contacts the skin, wash the skin immediately and thoroughly with soap and water.
What is taxol chemo?
What is Taxol? Taxol is an anti-cancer ("antineoplastic" or "cytotoxic") chemotherapy drug . Taxol is classified as a "plant alkaloid," a "taxane" and an "antimicrotubule agent." (For more detail, see "How Taxol Works" section below).
Is taxol an anti-cancer drug?
Taxol is an anti-cancer ("anti neoplastic" or "cytotoxic") chemotherapy drug. Taxol is classified as a "plant alkaloid," a "taxane" and an "antimicrotubule agent.". (For more detail, see "How Taxol Works" section below).
How does chemotherapy work?
Usually, the drugs work by damaging the RNA or DNA that tells the cell how to copy itself in division. If the cells are unable to divide, they die. The faster the cells are dividing, the more likely it is that chemotherapy will kill the cells, causing the tumor to shrink.
Does chemotherapy kill cells?
The faster the cells are dividing, the more likely it is that chemotherapy will kill the cells, causing the tumor to shrink. They also induce cell suicide (self-death or apoptosis). Chemotherapy drugs that affect cells only when they are dividing are called cell-cycle specific.
Does chemotherapy cause hair loss?
The "normal" cells will grow back and be healthy but in the meantime, side effects occur. The "normal" cells most commonly affected by chemotherapy are the blood cells, the cells in the mouth, stomach and bowel, and the hair follicles; resulting in low blood counts, mouth sores, nausea, diarrhea, and/or hair loss.
Can you take aspirin before taking Taxol?
Before starting Taxol treatment, make sure you tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking (including prescription, over-the-counter, vitamins, herbal remedies, etc.). Do not take aspirin, or products containing aspirin unless your doctor specifically permits this.
Can you take Taxol with heavy machinery?
Taxol, or the medications that you take with Taxol may cause you to feel dizzy or drowsy. Do not operate any heavy machinery until you know how you respond to Taxol.
Can you give taxol to other people?
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a patient information leaflet. Do not use Taxol for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Taxol to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them.
How long does it take for Taxol to work?
After failure of initial chemotherapy for metastatic disease or relapse within 6 months of adjuvant chemotherapy, Taxol at a dose of 175 mg/m 2 administered intravenously over 3 hours every 3 weeks has been shown to be effective.
Does Paclitaxel inhibit microtubules?
Paclitaxel is a novel antimicrotubule agent that promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin di mers and stabilizes microtubules by preventing depolymerization. This stability results in the inhibition of the normal dynamic reorganization of the microtubule network that is essential for vital interphase and mitotic cellular functions. In addition, paclitaxel induces abnormal arrays or “bundles” of microtubules throughout the cell cycle and multiple asters of microtubules during mitosis.
Can taxol harm pregnant women?
Taxol can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Administration of paclitaxel during the period of organogenesis to rabbits at doses of 3.0 mg/kg/day (about 0.2 the daily maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m 2 basis) caused embryo- and fetotoxicity, as indicated by intrauterine mortality, increased resorptions, and increased fetal deaths. Maternal toxicity was also observed at this dose. No teratogenic effects were observed at 1.0 mg/kg/day (about 1/15 the daily maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m 2 basis); teratogenic potential could not be assessed at higher doses due to extensive fetal mortality.
Is there an antidote for Taxol?
There is no known antidote for Taxol (paclitaxel) overdosage. The primary anticipated complications of overdosage would consist of bone marrow suppression, peripheral neurotoxicity, and mucositis. Overdoses in pediatric patients may be associated with acute ethanol toxicity (see PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use ).
What is NIOSH alert?
NIOSH Alert: Preventing occupational exposures to antineoplastic and other hazardous drugs in healthcare settings. 2004. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2004-165.
What is taxol used for?
Besides breast cancer and ovarian cancer, Taxol can be used to treat several other types of cancer, including lung cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma , a rare type of skin cancer that affects people with AIDS. 2. The chemotherapy class taxanes includes the drug Taxotere (docetaxel) as well as Taxol. This photo contains content that some people may find ...
Is taxol used for cancer?
Besides breast cancer and ovarian cancer, Taxol can be used to treat several other types of cancer, including lung cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma, a rare type of skin cancer that affects people with AIDS. 2. ...
Is taxol a cyclophosphamide?
Indications. Taxol is an especially versatile drug. It is used for breast cancer in the early stages as well as for metastatic breast cancer. Typically, it is given after combination Adriamycin (doxorubicin), an anthracycline, and Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide) therapy.
Is taxol a fluid?
Taxol is a clear, colorless fluid that's mixed with Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil) and given by infusion —in other words, it's administered directly into a vein. It is thick and sticky, so a pump is necessary to properly infuse it. As such, you'll have to go to a hospital or clinic to receive it.
How long does it take to take taxol?
In some cases, Taxol is given slowly over the course of 24 hours. The amount of Taxol you are prescribed depends on many factors, including your height and weight, your general health, and the type of cancer or condition being treated.
Does Taxol cause bone pain?
Most people tolerate Taxol well, especially in low doses. It does have side effects, however, which include: 3 . Bone and muscle aches ( Neulasta and Neupogen also frequently cause bone pain) There are ways to prevent some of the problems these side effects can cause.
Can you drink alcohol while taking Taxol?
Furthermore, to avoid risky interactions, you will be advised not to drink alcohol while you're being treated with Taxol, and to avoid medications that include aspirin. Most side effects of chemotherapy resolve rapidly after treatment is completed, although some long-term side effects of chemotherapy may persist.
When was taxol approved?
4. 1992–present In December 1992, the FDA approved Taxol for the treatment for ovarian cancer.
What is the most common cancer drug in the United States?
Paclitaxel, the most well-known natural-source cancer drug in the United States, is derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree ( Taxus brevifolia) and is used in the treatment of breast, lung, and ovarian cancer, as well as Kaposi's sarcoma.
When was yew bark first collected?
1962 Samples of the Pacific yew's bark were first collected in 1962 by researchers from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) who were under contract to NCI to find natural products that might cure cancer.
What is the name of the tree that is used for ovarian cancer?
Taxol® (NSC 125973) Paclitaxel, the most well-known natural-source cancer drug in the United States, is derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree ( Taxus brevifolia) and is used in the treatment of breast, lung, and ovarian cancer, as well as Kaposi's sarcoma.
Preparation
Administration
- TAXOL should be administered through an in-line filter with a microporous membrane not greater than 0.22 microns. Use of filter devices such as IVEX-2® filters which incorporate short inlet and outlet PVC-coated tubing has not resulted in significant leaching of DEHP.1 TAXOL administered intravenously over 3 hours at a dose of 175 mg/m2 followed by...
Contraindications
- The Chemo Dispensing Pin device or similar devices with spikes should not be used with vials of TAXOL since they can cause the stopper to collapse resulting in loss of sterile integrity of the TAXOL solution. Chemo Dispensing Pin is a trademark of B. Braun Medical Incorporated1. CONTRAINDICATIONS TAXOL is contraindicated in patients who have a history of hypersensitivi…
Description
- TAXOL (paclitaxel) Injection is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow viscous solution. It is supplied as a nonaqueous solution intended for dilution with a suitable parenteral fluid prior to intravenous infusion. TAXOL is available in 30 mg (5 mL), 100 mg (16.7 mL), and 300 mg (50 mL) multidose vials. Each mL of sterile nonpyrogenic solution contains 6 mg paclitaxel, 527 mg of purified Cre…
Chemistry
- Paclitaxel is a white to off-white crystalline powder with the empirical formula C47H51NO14 and a molecular weight of 853.9. It is highly lipophilic, insoluble in water, and melts at around 216217° C.
Mechanism of action
- Paclitaxel is a novel antimicrotubule agent that promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers and stabilizes microtubules by preventing depolymerization. This stability results in the inhibition of the normal dynamic reorganization of the microtubule network that is essential for vital interphase and mitotic cellular functions. In addition, paclitaxel induces abnormal array…
Pharmacology
- Following intravenous administration of TAXOL, paclitaxel plasma concentrations declined in a biphasic manner. The initial rapid decline represents distribution to the peripheral compartment and elimination of the drug. The later phase is due, in part, to a relatively slow efflux of paclitaxel from the peripheral compartment.
Medical uses
- TAXOL is indicated as first-line and subsequent therapy for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the ovary. As first-line therapy, TAXOL is indicated in combination with cisplatin. TAXOL is indicated for the adjuvant treatment of node-positive breast cancer administered sequentially to standard doxorubicin-containing combination chemotherapy. In the clinical trial, there was an ov…
Side effects
- Bone marrow suppression (primarily neutropenia) is dose-dependent and is the dose-limiting toxicity. Neutrophil nadirs occurred at a median of 11 days. TAXOL should not be administered to patients with baseline neutrophil counts of less than 1500 cells/mm3 (<1000 cells/mm3 for patients with KS). Frequent monitoring of blood counts should be instituted during TAXOL treat…
Toxicity
- TAXOL can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Administration of paclitaxel during the period of organogenesis to rabbits at doses of 3.0 mg/kg/day (about 0.2 the daily maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 basis) caused embryo- and fetotoxicity, as indicated by intrauterine mortality, increased resorptions, and increased fetal deaths. Matern…
Treatment
- For patients with carcinoma of the ovary, the following regimens are recommended (see PACKAGE INSERT FOR CLINICAL STUDIES: Ovarian Carcinoma): 1) For previously untreated patients with carcinoma of the ovary, one of the following recommended regimens may be given every 3 weeks. In selecting the appropriate regimen, differences in toxicities should be consider…
Taxol Description
Taxol - Clinical Pharmacology
- Paclitaxel is a novel antimicrotubule agent that promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers and stabilizes microtubules by preventing depolymerization. This stability results in the inhibition of the normal dynamic reorganization of the microtubule network that is essential for vital interphase and mitotic cellular functions. In addition, paclitaxel induces abnormal array…
Clinical Studies
- Ovarian Carcinoma
The safety and efficacy of Taxol followed by cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and no prior chemotherapy were evaluated in 2, Phase 3 multicenter, randomized, controlled trials. In an Intergroup study led by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer i… - Breast Carcinoma
A Phase 3 Intergroup study (Cancer and Leukemia Group B [CALGB], Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG], North Central Cancer Treatment Group [NCCTG], and Southwest Oncology Group [SWOG]) randomized 3170 patients with node-positive breast carcinoma to adju…
Indications and Usage For Taxol
- Taxol is indicated as first-line and subsequent therapy for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the ovary. As first-line therapy, Taxol is indicated in combination with cisplatin. Taxol is indicated for the adjuvant treatment of node-positive breast cancer administered sequentially to standard doxorubicin-containing combination chemotherapy. In the clinical trial, there was an ov…
Contraindications
- Taxol is contraindicated in patients who have a history of hypersensitivity reactions to Taxol or other drugs formulated in Cremophor®EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil). Taxol should not be used in patients with solid tumors who have baseline neutrophil counts of <1500 cells/mm3 or in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma with baseline neutrophil counts of <1000 cells/mm3.
Warnings
- Anaphylaxis and severe hypersensitivity reactions characterized by dyspnea and hypotension requiring treatment, angioedema, and generalized urticaria have occurred in 2 to 4% of patients receiving Taxol in clinical trials. Fatal reactions have occurred in patients despite premedication. All patients should be pretreated with corticosteroids, diphenhydramine, and H2 antagonists. (S…
Precautions
- Contact of the undiluted concentrate with plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) equipment or devices used to prepare solutions for infusion is not recommended. In order to minimize patient exposure to the plasticizer DEHP [di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate], which may be leached from PVC infusion bags or sets, diluted Taxol solutions should preferably be stored in bottles (glass, polyp…
Adverse Reactions
- Pooled Analysis of Adverse Event Experiences from Single-Agent Studies
Data in the following table are based on the experience of 812 patients (493 with ovarian carcinoma and 319 with breast carcinoma) enrolled in 10 studies who received single-agent Taxol. Two hundred and seventy-five patients were treated in 8, Phase 2 studies with Taxol dose… - Disease-Specific Adverse Event Experiences
For the 1084 patients who were evaluable for safety in the Phase 3 first-line ovary combination therapy studies, TABLE 11shows the incidence of important adverse events. For both studies, the analysis of safety was based on all courses of therapy (6 courses for the GOG-111 study and up …
Overdosage
- There is no known antidote for Taxol (paclitaxel) overdosage. The primary anticipated complications of overdosage would consist of bone marrow suppression, peripheral neurotoxicity, and mucositis. Overdoses in pediatric patients may be associated with acute ethanol toxicity (see PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use).
Taxol Dosage and Administration
- Note: Contact of the undiluted concentrate with plasticized PVC equipment or devices used to prepare solutions for infusion is not recommended. In order to minimize patient exposure to the plasticizer DEHP [di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate], which may be leached from PVC infusion bags or sets, diluted Taxol solutions should be stored in bottles (glass, polypropylene) or plastic bags (p…
When Taxol Is Used
How Taxol Works
Preparation and Dosing
Side Effects
Risks and Contraindications
Summary
- Taxol is a chemotherapy medication that treats breast cancer, ovarian cancer, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, sarcomas and other malignancies. It is common to experience side effects like vomiting, hair loss, fatigue, and nerve damage while taking Taxol. Some of these side effects can be prevented or lessened through supplements and medications....
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