Full Answer
What causes resistance to group therapy?
Group resistance may be influenced by the existence of peer engagement in adult groups. Group members may have more of complains than working towards achieving group goals. Other members are there to oppose, question and disagree with comments the group therapist makes to others members in the group.
What do we know about group-destructive resistance?
Special attention is accorded to group-destructive resistance which could pose a threat to the group therapeutic viability or the way in which members are treated. This paper examines in details the potential sources of resistance which could characterize psychotherapy treatment in any group.
What are the solutions to group resistance?
There are various solutions to group resistance therapy (Bry 1953, pp. 42-48). Among these include identification, universalization and mutual support which can overcome defensive resistances in individuals. Group resistance may be influenced by the existence of peer engagement in adult groups.
Why does my client resist therapy?
If a client has issues from childhood resulting from a controlling parent or has problems with authority figures, then they may unconsciously resist what is being perceived as external control from the therapist. 4) Failing to realize that noncompliance is part of the “pathology” that needs to be treated.
What causes recurrent croup?
Sometimes recurrent croup signals an abnormality in the throat or airway, either that the child was born with (congenital) or due to an injury. Potential anatomic abnormalities include: Subglottic stenosis: a narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords and above the trachea.
What happens if croup doesn't get better?
If you are concerned that your child's croup is not improving, contact your child's doctor, local emergency department, or emergency medical services (911) even if it is the middle of the night. Consider calling if your child: Makes a whistling sound that gets louder with each breath.
What does recurrent croup mean?
Viral Croup is does not usually occur more than once (or twice) in a year in a otherwise healthy child. Croup like symptoms that occur more frequently (>2 a year) have been called “Recurrent Croup.” Essentially, recurrent croup is not due to a viral etiology and should be considered a RED FLAG for another condition.
Is croup a self limiting condition?
Croup is usually a self-limiting disease with an excellent prognosis. Of children who develop croup, only a few will require inpatient care, and less than 5 percent of those will require intubation.
Can croup damage lungs?
A secondary infection can sometimes develop following the initial viral infection that caused croup. A secondary infection can potentially cause: pneumonia, a chest infection which causes swelling of the tissue in one or both lungs.
Can croup last for months?
Most often, croup lasts 5 to 6 days and becomes worse at night. The croupy cough can last up to 2 weeks.
Is recurrent croup asthma?
Conclusion: Croup and recurrent croup are associated with bronchial asthma. The association seems essentially based on the presence of hyperreactive airways and less on the presence of atopy, although the latter can be considered an aggravating factor.
Can croup be allergy related?
Croup may also be caused by: Allergies. Breathing in something that irritates the airway.
Is croup a precursor to asthma?
Children with a history of croup have a high risk of asthma. Furthermore, children with croup living in urban areas, of the male sex, or aged 7 to 9 years have an increased risk of asthma. Parents must be educated that all children with croup should be monitored for asthma development for at least the first 3 years.
What is considered severe croup?
Westley score between 6 to 11 indicates severe croup, and a score greater than 12 indicates impending respiratory failure. More than 85% of children present with mild disease; severe croup is rare (less than 1%). Croup is typically a clinical diagnosis based on signs and symptoms.
What causes laryngotracheobronchitis?
Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) is a common childhood infection. It is caused by a variety of infectious agents; parainfluenza virus, coronavirus, and rhinovirus are the most common.
What are the four types of croup?
Tyes of CroupCroup.Spasmodic croup (spasmodic laryngitis)Viral croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
How to deal with a client who is resistant to change?
One of the most effective methods to deal with resistant clients is to use a paradoxical intervention. When you use a paradoxical approach, you don’t try to fight the resistance, you actually support it. For example, say a client is having trouble sleeping and you have recommended some changes in their sleep hygiene. You find out they have not changed any of their behavior and are still complaining of sleep. Instead of chastising them for their non-compliance, you tell your client that they should not change any behavior and just keep on taking the same approach to bedtime. Because certain clients are oppositional in nature, it is hoped they will defy your recommendations and actually do the opposite behavior (which is what you wanted them to do in the first place). Numerous research studies have supported the use of paradoxical interventions for those with highly resistant behavior. (Beutler, Moleiro & Talebi, 2002).
What is the sign of resistance in therapy?
A telltale sign of resistance is a client who does not complete their homework or follow up on your suggestions. In order for therapy to be successful, a client needs to at least think about what was discussed in session in their daily life.
What is the job of a therapist when a client is exhibiting resistance?
If the client is exhibiting resistance, it is the job of the therapist to assist in reducing it as much as it is the client’s responsibility to change their behavior. Whatever your definition, one thing is sure, resistance is negatively related to treatment success (Beutler, Moleiro & Talebi, 2002).
What does it mean when you feel like a client is not making progress?
When you feel like a client is not much making much progress it is natural to feel frustrated and a bit guilty. You want to make sure you are providing them with the best therapy possible so you spend extra time on their case, planning new strategies and interventions.
When to revisit goals?
When you have established goals, you can easily revisit them, especially when you feel therapy may have veered off course due to resistance. This will remind the client what they are working towards and spur internal motivation, helping break through the blockades of change.
Do clients cancel sessions?
Almost all clients cancel a session from time to time, but when a pattern develops it is a worrisome sign. Someone who is motivated to change will make attending sessions a priority.
What is resistance in cognitive psychology?
In cognitive models such as Albert Ellis ’s, resistance is often the result of unrealistic expectations and other irrational beliefs. According to such models, resistance, like other irrational beliefs, requires head-on confrontation. The client must be helped to surrender irrational beliefs to move forward (Leahy, 2003).
What is realistic resistance?
Such resistance, or objection, to both the therapist and therapy is sometimes referred to as ‘realistic resistance’ and includes opposition to (Rennie, 1994): The therapist’s overall approach to therapy. Specific in-session techniques. Some of the terms used by the therapist.
Why is labeling behavior as resistant?
Labeling behavior as resistant may result from a lack of knowledge or therapeutic skills, and an inadequate response to the situation can damage the client’s progress (Shallcross, 2010). Reframed, uncomfortable interactions can strengthen the therapeutic relationship and further treatment, and encourage client growth.
Can a client claim to be on board with the therapy process?
The client may claim and even appear to be on board with the therapy process and the therapist’s recommendations, yet keep their disagreement hidden. However, observant therapists are likely to spot covert acts of resistance when the client (Ackerman & Hilsenroth, 2001): Uses statements that distance the therapist.
Should a therapist avoid challenging the process?
The therapist should not avoid situations that risk challenging the process, but work to address the resistance (communicated directly or indirectly). Unless confronted, the therapist risks strengthening the client’s need for nurturance rather than growth (Safran et al., 1990).
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Can breaks in the therapeutic alliance hinder the therapeutic process?
While breaks in the therapeutic alliance are often inevitable, they can obstruct client engagement and hinder the therapeutic process. Such resistance can result from (Safran, Crocker, McMain, & Murray, 1990):
What are the causes of antibiotic resistance?
Causes of Antimicrobial (Drug) Resistance. Microbes, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, are living organisms that evolve over time. Their primary function is to reproduce, thrive, and spread quickly and efficiently. Therefore, microbes adapt to their environments and change in ways that ensure their survival.
How do bacteria become drug resistant?
Gene Transfer. Microbes also may get genes from each other, including genes that make the microbe drug resistant. Bacteria multiply by the billions. Bacteria that have drug-resistant DNA may transfer a copy of these genes to other bacteria. Non-resistant bacteria receive the new DNA and become resistant to drugs.
Do antimicrobials increase resistance?
However, there are additional societal pressures that act to accelerate the increase of antimicrobial resistance.
Do microbes survive in the presence of antimicrobials?
In the presence of an antimicrobial, microbes are either killed or, if they carry resistance genes, survive. These survivors will replicate, and their progeny will quickly become the dominant type throughout the microbial population.
Do hospitals use antimicrobials?
Hospital Use. Critically ill patients are more susceptible to infections and, thus, often require the aid of antimicrobials. However, the heavier use of antimicrobials in these patients can worsen the problem by selecting for antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms.
Do non-resistant bacteria survive?
Non-resistant bacteria receive the new DNA and become resistant to drugs. In the presence of drugs, only drug-resistant bacteria survive. The drug-resistant bacteria multiply and thrive. Diagram showing how gene transfer facilitates the spread of drug resistance. Bacteria multiply by the billions.
What does a therapist assume about client resistance?
Oftentimes a therapist will assume that client resistance is 100% based on something within the client. In reality, the therapist’s inability to build a strong therapeutic relationship with the client may be a contributing factor.
What happens if a therapist is not client centered?
If a therapist lacks a client-centered approach, then the client will notice (if not consciously, then unconsciously) that their therapist is inflexible or rigid. If a client has issues from childhood resulting from a controlling parent or has problems with authority figures, then they may unconsciously resist what is being perceived as external control from the therapist.
Why do therapists need to be willing to engage with their clients?
When a therapist tries to keep the relationship with their clients at a distance because of fears, such as fear of countertransference issues, the clients may sense this distancing. The effectiveness of therapy might then be diminished. A therapist can benefit from taking emotional risks with their clients. Client relationships aren’t so fragile that mistakes can’t be dealt with and overcome.
How to deal with anxiety in a therapist?
To address therapist anxieties, a therapist needs a good support system, including people with whom they can discuss their fears. It is also good for a therapist to reframe their fears with anxiety-reducing strategies, such as: 1 Challenging unrealistic performance expectations placed on the self 2 Reminding oneself that it’s okay to make mistakes 3 Focusing on the client rather than on the self 4 Realizing that no mistake is fatal and that part of good therapy involves the concept of “rupture and repair.” When ruptures in the therapeutic relationship occur, repairing of the relationship can be healing in and of itself.
