Additionally, learning that it may be impossible to ever be cured of a condition can have a major emotional toll on the patient. Some emotional challenges that chronic sufferers must cope with include fear, denial, anger, and/or depression. Medication management and care coordination
Full Answer
Are people with chronic conditions more likely to use CAM?
Studies to date suggest that people with chronic conditions are more likely to use CAM, and people with additional conditions have an increased likelihood of overall CAM use (5,7,8,9,11,16–18). However, one study among patients with chronic liver disease showed an inverse association between additional comorbidities and current CAM use (19).
What are the top challenges for people managing chronic health conditions?
Assisting with medication management and ensuring medications are taken as directed These are the top challenges for people managing chronic health conditions—and how working with a primary care practitioner or CBHM can help.
What is the prevalence of CAM use in the US?
People with multiple chronic conditions have a high prevalence of CAM use. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand the association between CAM use and chronic disease prevention and treatment. In 2012, more than 25% of US adults reported having 2 or more chronic conditions, which increased from 22% in 2001 (1,2).
What is the most common use of Cam?
Health Conditions Prompting CAM Use. Although CAM has been used to treat a variety of diseases and conditions, the NHIS and many other studies have found that CAM usage occurs most frequently among people with poorer health status resulting from chronic, recurrent, or serious illness ( Figures 3 and and88 ).
Why is Cam not accepted by the medical profession?
A lack of evidence-based information about efficacy, safety, and drug interactions with CAM therapies, as well as a lack of formal training, is thought to be responsible for this deficit.
What barriers exist that may limit use of complementary and alternative therapy?
Similarly, barriers in medical system and organizations have also been identified: insufficient training in CAM in medical education and lack of medical insurance coverage for CAM are therefore the prominent barriers preventing physicians from accepting CAM therapies broadly in their practice 11, 14, 15.
What are the identified potential limitations with CAM research that need to be addressed?
Particular problems that must be addressed include: the apparently low incidence of harmful incidents; the limited regulatory setting for CAM practice including the omission of CAM interventions from most mainstream adverse event reporting schemes; the widespread perception of CAM as natural and safe; the complexity of ...
Do chronic diseases respond well to treatment?
You may have it for the rest of your life. Not all diseases are chronic diseases. Some non- chronic diseases respond well to treatment and the person recovers from the disease. Other non-chronic diseases will simply pass on their own without the need for treatment.
What is the biggest problem with complementary and alternative medicine?
Systematic reviews have found that many clinical trials testing complementary or alternative medicine have major flaws, such as insufficient statistical power, poor controls, inconsistency of treatment or product, and lack of comparisons with other treatments, with placebo, or with both.
What are the disadvantages of alternative medicine?
Disadvantages of Alternative Medicine for Back PainMinimal scientific research. When it comes to scientific proof, evidence is still limited. ... Longer term treatment. Traditional medical procedures can be quick and easy. ... Not useful in emergency cases. ... No Regulation.
What are some of the difficulties with defining cam?
One of the difficulties in any study of CAM is trying to determine what is included in the definition of CAM. Does CAM include vitamin use, nutrition and diets, behavioral medicine, exercise and other treatments that have been integrated into conventional medical systems?
Which of the following CAM therapies is the most controversial?
Biological-based Practices Natural health products create perhaps the most controversy of all CAM therapies due to the potential for side effects and interactions between these products and pharmaceutical drugs.
Are CAM therapies safe?
Some CAM therapies have undergone careful evaluation and have been found to be generally safe and effective. These include acupuncture, yoga, and meditation to name a few. However, there are others that do not work, may be harmful, or could interact negatively with your medicines.
How can we help patients with chronic illness?
The best thing you can do for your patients with chronic diseases is to let them run with the ball....Empowerment through educationTheir illness is serious. ... Their condition is essentially self-managed. ... They have options. ... They can change their behavior.
How does chronic disease affect the healthcare system?
Chronic diseases and multi-morbidity lead to both financial and organizational burdens on the health system [2–5]. Patients with multiple chronic diseases face greater healthcare utilization and costs, decreased self-reported health status, depression and reduced functional capacity [1].
How do you deal with chronic health problems?
If I have a chronic illness, how can I make my life better?Eating a healthy diet.Getting as much physical activity as you can.Avoiding negative coping mechanisms like alcohol and substance abuse.Exploring stress-relief activities like meditation.Letting of obligations that you don't really need to do or want to do.More items...•
What are the barriers of integrative medicine?
Accessibility and affordability are just two of the barriers practices face when trying to offer integrative care. Dr. Saper shared stories of chiropractors, for instance, who have been too easily dismissed by physicians in discussions about patients' treatment plans.
What are the benefits of complementary and alternative medicine?
In general, complementary approaches may provide one or more of these health benefits: Relieves pain. Reduces anxiety and stress. Reduces nausea.
What is complementary or alternative medicine?
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is the term for medical products and practices that are not part of standard medical care. People with cancer may use CAM to. help cope with the side effects of cancer treatments, such as nausea, pain, and fatigue.
Why do patients use alternative medicine?
People seek out these alternatives because (1) they are dissatisfied in some way with conventional treatment; (2) they see alternative treatments as offering more personal autonomy and control over health care decisions; and (3) the alternatives are seen as more compatible with the patients' values, worldview, or ...
How is healthcare improving care of chronic conditions?
How healthcare is improving care of chronic conditions. Because of the growing concern for those suffering from chronic conditions, the healthcare industry has sought out ways to change the current landscape for Americans. Innovations in healthcare are improving the lives of those with chronic disease while helping to prevent those conditions which ...
What are the physical limitations of chronic conditions?
The physical limitations that are caused by chronic conditions are just the tip of the iceberg; significant emotional challenges also exist. Additionally, learning that it may be impossible to ever be cured of a condition can have a major emotional toll on the patient. Some emotional challenges that chronic sufferers must cope with include fear, denial, anger, and/or depression.
How to manage side effects of chronic conditions?
Learning how to manage side effects of chronic conditions, including side effects of medication, is a major challenge for patients with chronic conditions. Patients with chronic diseases experience both major and minor physical symptoms associated with their condition and are faced with the challenge of managing them while maintaining their lifestyle. Chronic diseases can affect a person’s daily life, restricting their enjoyment in normal activities with family and friends. Learning a new way of life and coping with new physical limitations is one of the biggest challenges for chronic sufferers, affecting almost half of them.
Why is the cost of care so high?
Cost. High cost of care is inescapable with chronic conditions, due to the fact that patients simply need to use healthcare facilities more frequently. More than two-thirds of all health care costs are spent treating chronic conditions.
What are the innovations in healthcare?
Innovations in healthcare are improving the lives of those with chronic disease while helping to prevent those conditions which are preventable. Healthcare reimbursements have shifted focus to value-based models in order to improve outcomes for patients.
How long does chronic disease last?
Chronic disease, defined as any disease lasting three months or longer, is a way of life for many Americans since they are commonly incurable and life-long.
Can chronic disease be managed by more than one medication?
As a result, patients with more than one chronic condition can experience issues in managing more than one medication or disease. Some medications can make others less effective, requiring care coordination for the patient. Increasing care management resources for chronic disease sufferers is imperative for the proper care of the patient.
Why is it important to conduct CAM research on people with multiple chronic conditions?
Because adults with chronic conditions have an increased likelihood of using specific CAM therapies, in the face of unclear evidence, it is important to conduct CAM research on people with multiple chronic conditions and not only populations with specific diseases.
How do chronic conditions affect health care?
Multiple chronic conditions increase health care costs not only for the individual but also for the health care system . People with many conditions must navigate the health-care system to coordinate disease management, which often requires regular visits to different medical specialists.
What is the 2012 NHIS?
The 2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (20) is a cross-sectional household survey conducted annually by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the US noninstitutionalized, civilian population. The NHIS uses a complex sampling procedure to obtain a nationally representative sample (21).
Why do people with multiple chronic conditions face health care burdens?
People with multiple chronic conditions face health care burdens because of the complexity of coordinating disease management, including treatment by medical professionals and self-care (3) . Prior studies show that people with chronic conditions (5–14) often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies as part of disease management.
How common are chronic conditions?
Chronic conditions were common. US adults reported one (22.3%) or 2 or more (33.8%) conditions. Many used at least one form of CAM. Multivitamins, multiminerals, or both (52.7%); vitamins (34.8%); and minerals (28.4%) were the most common.
Does the Department of Health and Human Services reflect the opinions of the authors?
The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions.
Why is CAM considered holistic?
In order to treat a disease or promote good health, CAM practitioners treat the whole person. In the United States, this holistic approach to health has been labeled "alternative" for a variety of reasons.
What is the focus of CAM therapy?
Although CAM therapies vary widely, several themes can be traced through them all: The focus is on the whole person, the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual. Prevention of illness is a primary goal. Treatments are highly individualized. Treatments are aimed at the causes of illness rather than at its symptoms.
What is the most commonly used CAM therapy?
According to the survey, the 10 most commonly used CAM therapies were: Prayer for own health. Prayer by others for the respondent's health.
What is CAM in health care?
CAM practitioners, on the other hand, take a more "holistic" approach to health care. They believe that health and disease involve a complex interaction of physical, spiritual, mental, emotional, genetic, environmental, and social factors. In order to treat a disease or promote good health, CAM practitioners treat the whole person.
What is CAM in medical terms?
What is CAM? Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a term used to describe a wide range of healing systems that are not typically considered part of mainstream or conventional Western medicine.
What are some examples of CAM?
Examples include people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), rheumatoid arthritis, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, and cancer.
Is CAM accepted in medicine?
There are signs that CAM is becoming accepted into mainstream medicine. For example, breakthroughs in CAM research are now published in prestigious Western peer reviewed journals such as the Journal of the American Medical Association and the Annals of Internal Medicine .
What is CAM in medical terms?
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is the term for medical products and practices that are not part of standard medical care. People with cancer may use CAM to: Help cope with the side effects of cancer treatments, such as nausea, pain, and fatigue. Comfort themselves and ease the worries of cancer treatment and related stress.
What are some examples of healing systems?
These are healing systems and beliefs that have evolved over time in different cultures and parts of the world. Some examples are: Ayurvedic medicine: A system from India in which the goal is to cleanse the body and restore balance to the body, mind, and spirit.
What is the NCI?
NCI and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) are currently sponsoring or cosponsoring clinical trials that test CAM treatments and therapies in people. Some study the effects of complementary approaches used in addition to conventional treatments, and some compare alternative therapies with conventional treatments.
What is standard medical care?
Standard medical care is practiced by health professionals who hold an M.D. (medical doctor) or D.O. (doctor of osteopathy) degree. It is also practiced by other health professionals, such as physical therapists, physician assistants, psychologists, and registered nurses. Standard medicine may also be called biomedicine or allopathic, Western, ...
Is CAM safe?
Natural Does Not Mean Safe. CAM therapies include a wide variety of botanicals and nutritional products, such as herbal and dietary supplements , and vitamins. These products do not have to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before being sold to the public.
Is CAM a standard treatment?
Some standard medical care practitioners are also practitioners of CAM. Complementary medicine is used along with standard medical treatment but is not considered by itself to be standard treatment. One example is using acupuncture to help lessen some side effects of cancer treatment. Alternative medicine is used instead ...
Is CAM therapy safe?
The Safety of CAM. Some CAM therapies have undergone careful evaluation and have been found to be generally safe and effective. These include acupuncture, yoga, and meditation to name a few. However, there are others that do not work, may be harmful, or could interact negatively with your medicines.
What is the goal of enhancing self-care abilities for chronic conditions?
2. On a population health level, the goal of enhancing self-care abilities for chronic conditions is to reduce the global burden of disease. On an individual level, optimal self-care can enhance ...
How can healthcare providers help patients engage in optimal self care?
Healthcare providers can help patients engage in optimal self-care by identifying the source of barriers. Practitioner understanding and support of individuals' needs is crucial to the well-being of patients with chronic illnesses.
How to identify barriers to self care?
Identifying barriers is the first step in collaborating with a patient with a chronic condition to improve self-management strategies. 15 Barriers to self-care are a patient's own perception of how challenging are the social, personal, environmental, and economic obstacles to achieving or maintaining a specific behavior or a set goal for that behavior. 16 These barriers have many dimensions, including those related to healthcare providers, healthcare systems, and sociocultural issues. Providers may lack time or appropriate skills, or may incorrectly label a patient's behavior as “non-adherent” or “non-compliant”. Providers should also consider how social and health system factors contribute to these barriers. 17 Access to healthcare services and resources, especially primary care, can also be a significant barrier to optimal self-care. Another issue is that not all providers work in settings that include an integrated approach to chronic care and support or advocacy for self-management.
What are chronic conditions?
The World Health Organization defines chronic conditions as those that require ongoing management over a period of years. 1 Heart disease, diabetes, and asthma are considered chronic conditions. Conditions that result in disability, such as injuries and socioenvironmental conditions (limited food and healthcare resources, ...
Why do chronic conditions require daily attention?
Long-term conditions require daily attention because a “cure” is not the goal. Instead, management aims to reduce the disease burden of the condition.
What are the barriers to self management?
Barriers to self-management of chronic conditions can be placed into five categories: physical, psychological, cognitive, economic, and social and cultural. Physical barriers: Chronic conditions often result in physical disability due to reduced strength, sensation, or vision. 18 – 20.
What is self care?
Self-care is “the ability of individuals, families and communities to promote health, prevent disease, and maintain health and to cope with illness and disability with or without the support of a healthcare provider.” 10 Dorthea Orem, a nurse theorist, defined self-care as learned behavior that was purposeful, with patterned and sequenced actions, and suggested that individuals acquire the capacity for self-care during childhood, principally in the family, where cultural standards are learned and transmitted intergenerationally. 11 Self-care encompasses health promotion and prevention, self-diagnosis, self-monitoring, self-medication, and self-management. 12 Self-care in the context of a chronic health condition may or may not involve a partnership between health service users and health professionals.
Abstract
- Introduction More than 25% of American adults report having 2 or more chronic conditions. People with chronic conditions often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for self-care and disease management, despite a limited evidence base. Methods Data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (n = 33,557) were analyzed to assess...
Introduction
- In 2012, more than 25% of US adults reported having 2 or more chronic conditions, which increased from 22% in 2001 (1,2). Because of this increase, the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) formed the Multiple Chronic Conditions Working Group to compile a list of chronic conditions to improve disease management and quality of life for people with chronic c…
Methods
- The 2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (20) is a cross-sectional household survey conducted annually by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the US noninstitutionalized, civilian population. The NHIS uses a complex sampling procedure to obtain a nationally representative sample (21). Since 2002 and every 5 years thereafter, the NHIS has incl…
Results
- Chronic conditions were common in the US population as sampled in the 2012 NHIS, where 22.3% of adults reported 1 condition and 33.8% reported 2 or more conditions; therefore, more than half (56.1%) reported at least 1 chronic condition (Table 1). Of the participants with 2 or more chronic conditions, most had 2 conditions (42.3%), followed by 3 (27.5%) and 4 (15.9%) conditions (dat…
Discussion
- Results from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey showed more than half of US adults had at least one chronic condition and over a third had 2 or more chronic conditions. Dietary supplements were used most commonly. In multivariable models we observed that adults with multiple conditions were more likely to report using multiple forms of CAM therapies within the …
Acknowledgments
- This research was supported under grant number NIH/NCI K23CA141052, awarded to Dr Heather Greenlee. The funders had no role in the research. Top
Author Information
- Corresponding Author: Laura Falci, MPH, 722 W. 168th St, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10032. Email: [email protected]. Telephone: 212-342-4130. Author Affiliations: Laura Falci, Zaixing Shi, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; Heather Greenlee, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Col…
References
- Ward BW, Schiller JS, Goodman RA. Multiple chronic conditions among US adults: a 2012 update. Prev Chronic Dis 2014;11:E62. http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0389.htm. Accessed April 4, 2016. C...
- Ward BW, Schiller JS. Prevalence of US adults: estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 2010. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:E65. http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0203.h…
- Ward BW, Schiller JS, Goodman RA. Multiple chronic conditions among US adults: a 2012 update. Prev Chronic Dis 2014;11:E62. http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0389.htm. Accessed April 4, 2016. C...
- Ward BW, Schiller JS. Prevalence of US adults: estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 2010. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:E65. http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2013/12_0203.htm. Accessed Apri...
- US Department of Health and Human Services. Multiple chronic conditions — a strategic framework: optimum health and quality of life for individuals with multiple chronic conditions. Washington (DC)...
- Goodman RA, Posner SF, Huang ES, Parekh AK, Koh HK. Defining and measuring chronic con…
Tables
- Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable. a Each n reported in the table is not weighted, but all percentages are weighted. b Rao-Scott ?2tests were used to assess associations between population characteristics and number of chronic conditions. Abbreviations: CAM, complementary and alternative medicine; CI, confidence interval; SE, standard error. a Each n re…