What is the dosage of sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
· SPS (sodium polystyrene sulfonate) is an oral medication that treats hyperkalemia, meaning it lowers potassium levels that are too high. The drug is also known as a cation exchange resin because it works by absorbing potassium ions in exchange for sodium ions in the intestine. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is available as a liquid or solution ...
Is sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) an effective treatment for hyperkalemia?
Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Suspension USP (SPS ® Suspension) can be administered orally or in an enema. It is a cherry-flavored suspension containing 15 grams of cation-exchange resin (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate USP); 21.5 mL of Sorbitol Solution USP (equivalent to approximately 20 grams of Sorbitol); 0.18 mL (0.3%) of Alcohol per 60 mL of ...
What is SPS (sulfonate de polystyrène sodique)?
Results: A total of 138 patients met the inclusion criteria, 72 in the control group and 66 in the treatment group. For most patients in the treatment group, the dose was 15 or 30 g of SPS orally.
What happens if I miss a dose of sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension?
· Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a medication used in the management and treatment of hyperkalemia. This activity outlines and reviews the indications, mechanism of …
When do you give sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia (increased amounts of potassium in the body). Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is in a class of medications called potassium-removing agents. It works by removing excess potassium from the body.
Why would you administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat high levels of potassium in the blood, also called hyperkalemia. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
Is sodium polystyrene sulfonate the same as Kayexalate?
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is available as brand name Kayexalate and as generic brands Kalexate, Kionex, and SPS, as well as non-branded generics. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate can be administered as an oral suspension or in an enema.
Why is polystyrene sulfonate used in renal failure?
A single dose of sodium polystyrene sulfonate decreased serum potassium levels in patients with both chronic kidney disease and ESKD, potentially providing an effective treatment for hyperkalemia in this patient population, according to a published study.
What is SPS 15 ml 60cc suspension?
This medication is used to treat a high level of potassium in your blood. Too much potassium in your blood can sometimes cause heart rhythm problems. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate works by helping your body get rid of extra potassium.
What are the side effects of SPS suspension?
Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, or constipation may occur. Diarrhea may occur less frequently. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. To prevent constipation, eat dietary fiber, drink enough water, and exercise.
Is SPS suspension Kayexalate?
SPS, Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more.
Is Lokelma better than Kayexalate?
The FDA approved oral sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (ZS-9), to be marketed as Lokelma, for the treatment of hyperkalemia. The drug seems to work better than sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate), reducing serum potassium levels within an hour and restoring normal levels after about 2 hours in most patients.
Why was Kayexalate discontinued?
However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning to avoid Kayexalate administration with sorbitol due to the risk of colonic necrosis associated with sorbitol administration.
How much does SPS lower potassium?
SPS can decrease serum potassium by 2 mEq/L. Oral SPS is useful in patients with advanced renal failure who are not yet on dialysis or transplant candidates. One or more daily doses of 15 g can control mild to moderate hyperkalemia effectively, with little inconvenience to patients.
Can you give Kayexalate to a dialysis patient?
How do I take Kayexalate®? hemodialysis staff tells you to, even if you miss a dialysis treatment. Take it at least 3 hours before or 3 hours after any other oral (taken by mouth) medications. Take this medication for as long as the hemodialysis staff tells you to.
How much does 15g Kayexalate lower potassium?
This drug has been a standard part of treatment of hyperkalemia for decades. Many of us were taught that if you give a patient a dose of kayexalate, you should expect there serum potassium to drop by 0.5 – 1.0 mEq in 4-6 hours.
What is sodium polystyrene sulfonate mechanism of action?
How does it work (mechanism of action)? Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a cation-exchange resin taken orally that is used to reduce high levels of potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia). Sodium polystyrene sulfonate removes potassium by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestine.
Why is Kayexalate used in renal patients?
Kayexalate® (sodium polystyrene sulfonate) is a medication that treats high potassium levels in the body. If not treated, high potassium levels may lead to an irregular heartbeat or cause problems with muscles and nerves. Why do hemodialysis patients need this medication?
How does Kayexalate treat hyperkalemia?
Kayexalate (Sodium polystyerene sulfonate) is a cation-exchange resin that was approved in 1958 as a treatment for hyperkalemia by helping to exchange sodium for potassium in the colon and thus excreting potassium from the body. This drug has been a standard part of treatment of hyperkalemia for decades.
Which medication would the nurse associate to the treatment of a patient with hyponatremia secondary to heart failure and liver cirrhosis?
Tolvaptan, a selective V2 receptor antagonist, can be taken orally and has been approved for use in the treatment of euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia, including cases associated with cirrhosis and heart failure.
What Do I Need to Tell My Doctor Before I Take Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Suspension?
For all patients taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension: 1. If you have an allergy to sodium polystyrene sulfonate or any other part of sod...
What Are Some Things I Need to Know Or Do While I Take Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Suspension?
1. Tell all of your health care providers that you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension. This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, a...
How Is This Medicine (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Suspension) Best Taken?
Use sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely. 1. Most...
What Are Some Side Effects That I Need to Call My Doctor About Right away?
WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor o...
What Are Some Other Side Effects of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Suspension?
All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help i...
How Do I Store and/or Throw Out Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Suspension?
1. Store at room temperature. 2. Protect from heat. 3. Do not freeze. 4. Store in a dry place. Do not store in a bathroom. 5. Keep all drugs in a s...
What is sodium polystyrene sulfonate used for?
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a medication used in the management and treatment of hyperkalemia. This activity outlines and reviews the indications, action, and contraindications for sodium polystyrene sulfonate in the treatment of hyperkalemia.
Who prescribes SPS?
SPS is usually prescribed by the nurse practitioner, primary care provider, or internist. Since the drug can cause several side effects and related to several toxicities, the healthcare workers should be familiar with its pharmacology. They must be aware of its side effects and toxicities.
Does SPS cause harm?
SPS does not get absorbed systemically; thus, maternal use of SPS is not expected to cause harm to the fetus. Similarly, as it is not secreted through breast milk, breastfeeding is not expected to result in any particular risk to the newborn.
Can SPS cause bowel obstruction?
SPS can contribute to sodium overload and lead to fluid retention. Hence, SPS use requires caution in certain conditions such as congestive heart failure, severe hypertension, and marked edema. Clinicians should not use SPS in patients with abnormal bowel functions, such as bowel obstruction, Ileus, and postoperative patients. Using SPS in these patients may increase the risk of bowel ischemia, necrosis, and serious constipation.
How long should SPS be in the colon?
It should be as warm as body temperature for rectal formulation. After administration, SPS should be retained in the colon for at least 30 to 60 min.
Can sodium polystyrene be administered rectally?
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate can be administered either orally or rectally. It is available in oral suspension, oral powder formulation, and rectal enema formulation. Appropriate dosing of sodium polystyrene sulfonate is varying on the route of administration.
What is SPS in medicine?
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hyperkalemia though it is not typically the first-line treatment.[1] A potassium level greater than 5 mEq/L qualifies as hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia is often asymptomatic; however, it may cause fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle weakness, rarely paralysis. A high potassium level is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality, especially K > 6.5 mEq/L can be fatal. Hence, prompt management is essential to avoid serious consequences. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate helps by removing extra potassium from the body. Due to its slow onset of action, it is a second-line agent in emergent situations. Data on the non-FDA-approved use of this drug is limited. This drug can also help to remove excess calcium, sodium from solutions in technical applications. [2][3][4][5][6][7]
What to do if you are on a low salt diet?
If you are on a low-salt diet (sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension has salt), talk with your doctor. Have blood work checked as you have been told by the doctor. Talk with the doctor. If you are taking a salt substitute that has potassium in it, a potassium-sparing diuretic, or a potassium product, talk with your doctor.
Can you give a newborn a sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
If your child is a premature baby or is a newborn. Do not give sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension to a premature baby or a newborn.
Can you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate with all your medications?
You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor.
Can you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension on a regular basis?
If you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension on a regular basis, take a missed dose as soon as you think about it.
How to use sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
Shake the suspension well before each use to mix the medication evenly. If you are taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder by mouth, mix the powder with 20 to 100 mL ...
Why is sodium polystyrene sulfonate prescribed?
Why is this medication prescribed? Expand Section. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia (increased amounts of potassium in the body). Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is in a class of medications called potassium-removing agents.
What to keep on a prescription list?
It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.
What is the phone number to call for poison control?
In case of overdose, call the poison control helpline at 1-800-222-1222. Information is also available online at https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. If the victim has collapsed, had a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be awakened, immediately call emergency services at 911.
What happens if you stop taking polystyrene sulfonate?
If you experience any of these symptoms, stop taking or using sodium polystyrene sulfonate and call your doctor immediately: constipation. seizures. unusual bleeding. confusion. muscle weakness. abdominal pain. fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate may cause other side effects.
Can you give a newborn polystyrene sulfate?
Newborn infants should not receive sodium polystyrene sulfonate. tell your doctor if you have or have ever had constipation; surgery to remove all or part of your large bowel or surgery for other intestinal problems; inflammatory bowel disease, ischemic colitis (decreased blood flow to the bowels), gastroparesis ...
How long before or after taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
If you are taking any other medications by mouth, take them at least 3 hours before or 3 hours before or after taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
Usual Adult Dose for Hyperkalemia
Oral: 15 g orally once a day Maximum dose: 15 g orally 4 times a day Comments: -A 15 g dose is equivalent to approximately 4 level teaspoons. -This drug should be given as a suspension in water or syrup (not fruit juice). Rectal: 30 g rectally every 6 hours Maximum dose: 50 g rectally every 6 hours Comments: -This drug should be administered via warm emulsion in 100 mL of aqueous vehicle. -This solution should be gently agitated during administration. -The enema should be retained as long as possible and should be followed by a cleansing enema. Use: Treatment of hyperkalemia.
Usual Pediatric Dose for Hyperkalemia
Calculate dose based on 1 mEq potassium per 1 g resin Comment: -A 15 g dose is equivalent to approximately 4 level teaspoons. -This drug should be given as a suspension in water or syrup (not fruit juice). -The oral route should be avoided in neonates. Use: Treatment of hyperkalemia
Dose Adjustments
Treatment intensity and duration should be based upon the severity and resistance of hyperkalemia.
Precautions
Safety has not been established in patients younger than 1 month (oral); effectiveness has not been established in patients younger than 18 years. Consult WARNINGS section for additional precautions.
Other Comments
Administration advice: -Shake well before using suspension and gently agitate during administration if given rectally. -May be given with water or syrup, but avoid fruit juices. -This drug may be administered through a plastic tube introduced into the stomach. -Enema should be kept in the rectum for as long as possible and rectum should be washed with a cleansing enema after use. Storage requirements: -Once prepared, use within 24 hours. -Store in an airtight container protected from light and heat. -If repackaging powder formulation, refrigerate and use within 14 days of opening. Reconstitution/preparation techniques: -Oral formulations should be suspended in 3 to 4 mL of liquid per 1 g resin. -Enemas should be suspended in 100 mL body-temperature vehicle prior to administration. General: -This drug was shown to have lower results as an enema compared to oral suspension. -If using rectally, may require up to 2 quarts of cleansing solution. -Each 15 g dose of this drug contains 60 mEq sodium. -The efficiency of ion exchange is predicted to be around 33%, but is highly variable. Monitoring: -Measure potassium levels at least every 24 hours -Obtain calcium, magnesium, sodium levels periodically Patient advice: -Tell patients to contact healthcare provider if constipation, diarrhea, bloody stools, confusion, weakness, or delayed though processes occur. -Caution patients to avoid taking antacids or laxatives with this drug (e.g., sorbitol, magnesium hydroxide) -Patients should be advised to speak to healthcare provider if pregnant, intend to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding..
Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.