Sodium nitroprusside ( SNP ), sold under the brand name Nitropress among others, is a medication used to lower blood pressure. This may be done if the blood pressure is very high and resulting in symptoms, in certain types of heart failure, and during surgery to decrease bleeding. It is used by continuous injection into a vein.
What does nitroprusside do to your body?
This lowers blood pressure and allows blood to flow more easily through your veins and arteries. Nitroprusside is used to treat congestive heart failure and life-threatening high blood pressure (hypertension).
What should I know before taking nitroprusside for hypertensive crisis?
For hypertensive crisis, nitroprusside is usually given only until you are able to take a longer-acting medicine to lower your blood pressure. Your breathing, blood pressure, oxygen levels, and other vital signs will be watched closely.
How is nitroprusside injected?
Nitroprusside is injected into a vein through an infusion pump. You will receive this injection in a clinic or hospital setting. Nitroprusside is usually given for as long as needed until your body responds to the medication.
What is the generic name for nitroprusside?
Generic name: nitroprusside (nye troe PRUS ide) Brand name: Nitropress, Nipride RTU Dosage forms: intravenous powder for injection (50 mg); intravenous solution (25 mg/mL) Drug class: Agents for hypertensive emergencies, Vasodilators
What is nitroprusside infusion used for?
Descriptions. Sodium nitroprusside injection is used for lowering of blood pressure immediately in adults and children with high blood pressure. This medicine is also used to reduce bleeding during surgery, and treats acute heart failure.
Why is nitroprusside used in hypertensive emergency?
Sodium nitroprusside is the drug of choice for hypertensive emergencies accompanied by acute pulmonary oedema because of its rapid BP reduction and quick onset of action, but it has some disadvantages as a vasodilator.
What type of antihypertensive is nitroprusside?
Sodium nitroprusside is a medication used in the management of acute hypertension. It is a potent vasodilator and is administered as an IV infusion with intensive monitoring in place.
What is nitroprusside mechanism of action?
Mechanism of action Sodium nitroprusside breaks down in circulation to release nitric oxide (NO). It does this by binding to oxyhaemoglobin to release cyanide, methaemoglobin and nitric oxide. NO activates guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle and increases intracellular production of cGMP.
Is nitroprusside a vasodilator?
Nitroprusside is a direct arterial vasodilator, acting by supplying nitric oxide to the arteriole smooth muscle. It is used for patients with hypertensive crisis as a continuous infusion.
Is nitroprusside a vasopressor?
Ontology: Nitroprusside (C0028193) powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function, also used as an indicator for free sulfhydryl groups in proteins.
Where is sodium nitroprusside used?
Sodium nitroprusside is indicated for the immediate reduction of blood pressure of adult and pediatric patients in hypertensive crises. Concomitant longer-acting antihypertensive medication should be administered so that the duration of treatment with sodium nitroprusside can be minimized.
How does nitroprusside reduce blood pressure?
1 Once in the body, sodium nitroprusside is quickly broken down into nitric oxide, a powerful vasodilator. This nitric oxide works as a vasodilator, causing the muscles surrounding blood vessels to relax, allowing the blood vessels themselves to expand. As the blood vessels expand, blood pressure drops.
Is nitroprusside a nitroglycerin?
Nitroprusside. Nitroprusside is a potent arterial and venous vasodilator. It produces more balanced arterial and venous dilation compared to nitroglycerin (which is more of a venodilator particularly at low doses).
Does nitroprusside reduce afterload?
Nitroprusside results in simultaneous preload and afterload reduction by causing direct smooth-muscle relaxation, with an increased effect on afterload. Afterload reduction is associated with increased cardiac output.
What is the clinical significance of the sodium nitroprusside test?
The nitroprusside test is used to detect the presence of ketoacids in the blood and the urine. This test measures only acetoacetate and acetone; therefore, it may underestimate the degree of ketonemia and ketonuria, because it will not detect the presence of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOH).
What receptors does nitroprusside work on?
Sodium nitroprusside blocks NMDA receptors via formation of ferrocyanide ions. Neuroreport. 1992 Jan;3(1):77-80. doi: 10.1097/00001756-199201000-00020.
Before Taking This Medicine
You should not receive this medication if you are allergic to nitroprusside, or if you have: 1. hereditary vision loss (Leber's disease); 2. vision...
How Is Nitroprusside given?
Nitroprusside is injected into a vein through an infusion pump. You will receive this injection in a clinic or hospital setting.Nitroprusside is us...
What Happens If I Miss A Dose?
Since nitroprusside is given as needed by a healthcare professional, you are not likely to miss a dose.
What Happens If I Overdose?
Tell your caregivers at once if you think you have received too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include extreme dizziness, nausea and...
What Should I Avoid After Receiving nitroprusside?
Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, activity, or other medications.
Nitroprusside Side Effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue...
Nitroprusside Dosing Information
Usual Adult Dose for Hypertensive Emergency:Initial dose: 0.3 mcg/kg/min IBW administered by continuous IV infusion.Maintenance dose: The dose may...
What Other Drugs Will Affect nitroprusside?
Tell your doctor if you take any type of blood pressure medication.There may be other drugs that can interact with nitroprusside. Tell your doctor...
What is Nitroprusside used for?
Nitroprusside is used to treat congestive heart failure and life-threatening high blood pressure (hypertension). Nitroprusside is also used to keep blood pressure low during a surgery.
What are the side effects of Nitroprusside?
Nitroprusside side effects. Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Tell your caregivers at once if you have a serious side effect such as: feeling like you might pass out, even while lying down;
What happens if you take too much Nitroprusside?
Tell your caregivers at once if you think you have received too much of nitroprusside. Overdose symptoms may include extreme dizziness, nausea and vomiting, muscle twitching, rapid breathing, fast or pounding heartbeat, and feeling like you might pass out.
What to tell your doctor before taking Nitroprusside?
Before receiving nitroprusside, tell your doctor if you have high blood pressure, kidney or liver disease, anemia (a lack of red blood cells), a seizure disorder, or a history of head injury or brain tumor.
What are the side effects of a syringe?
confusion, ringing in your ears; dizziness with nausea and vomiting, rapid breathing, seizure (convulsions); fast, slow, or uneven heart rate; numb or cold feeling in your arms and legs; or. chills, sweating, tremors, twitching, overactive reflexes. Less serious side effects may include: mild skin rash; mild stomach pain or nausea;
Can you take Nitroprusside if you are allergic to it?
You should not receive this medication if you are allergic to nitroprusside, or if you have hereditary vision loss (Leber's disease), vision problems caused by smoking, or a history of blood clot in your brain.
Can nitroprusside harm a baby?
It is not known whether nitroprusside will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant. It is not known whether nitroprusside passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
What is nitroprusside used for?
Nitroprusside. Sodium nitroprusside is a short-acting, parenterally administered vasodilator that is used to treat severe hypertension and cardiac failure. It also is used to treat hypertension in postoperative cardiac surgery patients and to induce hypotension for certain surgical procedures.
How long does Nitroprusside stay in your system?
Mechanism of toxicity. Nitroprusside is rapidly hydrolyzed (half-life, 11 minutes) and releases free cyanide, which normally is converted quickly to thiocyanate by rhodanase enzymes in the liver and blood vessels.
