how is laser treatment is done on fibrocartilage

What is the best laser for fibrocartilage tears in the wrist?

The holmium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser in wrist arthroscopy: a five-year experience in the treatment of central triangular fibrocartilage complex tears by partial excision. J Hand Surg Am. 2001;26:77–84.

What is the best procedure for the repair of transversus fibrocartilage carcinoma?

Open repair of the TFCC has been performed over past 30 years with reasonable success. After anaesthesia and tourniquet inflation, a skin longitudinal incision about 5 cm in length, with slight ulnar curvature is made.

What is the treatment for central triangular fibrocartilage complex tears?

Blackwell R.E., Jemison D.M., Foy B.D. The holmium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser in wrist arthroscopy: a five-year experience in the treatment of central triangular fibrocartilage complex tears by partial excision.

What is the function of fibrocartilage?

Fibrocartilage provides the tough material of the intervertebral discs; the intraarticular cartilages of the knee, wrist and temporo-mandibular joints; the articular cartilage of the temporo-mandibular joint and of the joint between the clavicle and the sternum. It also appears at the insertion of tendons and ligaments into bone.

Can laser regenerate cartilage?

Several studies, clinical and experimental, have shown the effects of laser photobiostimulation in increased cell proliferation and repair cartilage tissue. Scanty cellular sources and low metabolic rate, along with a vascularity of cartilage, contributed to cartilage decreased regeneration ability.

What is laser ablation process?

Laser ablation is a method of breaking down one part of material to create a microfeature using a laser beam. The timescale of the interaction between the laser beam and the material is the most critical factor for fabricating ideal structures.

Is laser ablation painful?

The only discomfort you feel during the procedure is from the very tiny needles used to inject lidocaine, a local anesthetic, in the skin and around the veins we are treating.

Is laser resurfacing painful?

Laser Skin Resurfacing: Does It Hurt? The answer isn't a straightforward yes or no, as different patients have various tolerances for pain and discomfort than others. However, you can expect to feel slight discomfort during your laser skin resurfacing procedure; a rare number of patients may find the treatment painful.

How long does it take to get rid of a laser?

Ablative laser resurfacing typically takes between 30 minutes and two hours, depending on the technique used and the size of the area treated.

What is laser resurfacing?

Laser resurfacing is a facial rejuvenation procedure that uses a laser to improve the skin's appearance or treat minor facial flaws. It can be done with: Ablative laser. This is a wounding laser that removes the thin outer layer of skin (epidermis) and heats the underlying skin (dermis), which stimulates the growth of new collagen fibers.

How long does laser resurfacing last?

The effects can last for years. Results after nonablative laser resurfacing tend to be gradual and progressive. You're more likely to notice improvements in skin texture and pigment than in wrinkles. After laser resurfacing, avoid unprotected sun exposure for one year to prevent irregular pigmentation.

What to do if you have a herpes infection after laser resurfacing?

If you're having ablative laser resurfacing — or nonablative laser resurfacing and you have a history of herpes infections around your mouth — your doctor will prescribe an antiviral medication before and after treatment to prevent a viral infection.

What to ask before laser resurfacing?

Before you have laser resurfacing, your doctor will likely: Ask about your medical history. Be prepared to answer questions about current and past medical conditions and any medications you're taking or you've taken recently, as well as any cosmetic procedures you've had in the past. Do a physical exam.

Can nonablative laser resurfacing cause herpes?

Nonablative laser resurfacing also can cause side effects, including: Infection. Nonablative laser resurfacing can cause a flare-up of the herpes virus. Changes in skin color. Nonablative laser resurfacing can cause treated skin to become temporarily darker than it was before treatment (hyperpigmentation).

Can laser resurfacing cause cold sores?

Ablative laser resurfacing can lead to a bacterial, viral or fungal infection. The most common infection is a flare-up of the herpes virus — the virus that causes cold sores. In most cases, the herpes virus is already present but dormant in the skin. Changes in skin color.

Where is auricular fibrocartilage harvested?

Auricular fibrocartilage, harvested from the conchal bowl of the ear, provides an excellent graft material for replicating the curved lower lateral cartilages and the nasal tip. The cartilage can be harvested via either an anterior or a posterior approach, and the donor-site deformity is minimally perceptible.

What cartilage is used for nasal tip reconstruction?

Conchal cartilage may be used to provide support for the alar rims, but these grafts tend to be somewhat flimsy and should be reserved for partial tip reconstructions, or in secondary revisions where they are placed to improve nasal tip definition, and those applications with little requirement for structural support.

What is the articular disc?

The articular disc is a biconcave fibrocartilage structure and consists of dense bundles of collagen fibers, and separates the joint into two spaces, which are the inferior and superior compartments (Tanaka et al., 2003; Hylander, 2006 ).

Is fibrocartilage a biomechanical material?

Fibrocartilage has inferior biomechanical properties as compared to hyaline cartilage and fails to adequately protect the bone from axial and shear forces, which can result in pain and decreased activity, especially in a highly active patient (Nehrer et al., 1999).

How is fibrocartilage produced?

An unusual fibrocartilage is produced by chondrogenic replacement of the patellar ligament during development of the epiphyseal tubercle of the tibiae in rats . The ligamentous tissue undergoes metaplasia to a fibrocartilage, which is then mineralised and replaced by bone. Mineralisation occurs, however, without the chondrocytes undergoing hypertrophy or accumulating stores of glycogen, although both processes normally are associated with the maturational changes in cartilage that precede mineralisation, as discussed in Chapter 22. Connective tissue around the tail vertebrae of 4-day-old rats undergoes metaplasia to a chondroid tissue after the vertebrae are transplanted. As growth pressure compresses the annulus fibrosus, the chondroid tissue is replaced by metaplastic bone ( Chapter 43 ), not unlike changes seen in late stages of ankylosing spondylitis in humans.

What is fibrocartilage made of?

Fibrocartilage contains large bundles of collagen fibres made up of Type I collagen. These bundles run linearly through the tissue separated by a cartilage matrix containing chondrocytes. Fibrocartilage provides the tough material of the intervertebral discs; the intraarticular cartilages of the knee, wrist and temporo-mandibular joints; the articular cartilage of the temporo-mandibular joint and of the joint between the clavicle and the sternum. It also appears at the insertion of tendons and ligaments into bone. Benjamin and Ralphs (1998) have provided a detailed review of this tissue that provides references to earlier studies and those of Benjamin’s group. Badi (1972) noted that calcification and ossification could occur in the fibrocartilaginous attachment of the patellar ligament of the rat. For information on the staining of fibrocartilage, see Flint et al. (1975): these authors point out the differential staining of collagen under compression as compared with that of collagen under tension.

What are the pathologic lesions of the navicular flexor?

Lesions include yellowish discoloration, cartilage thinning, focal erosions, and cartilage ulcerations, with or without subchondral bone involvement.19,20,37 Some of the abnormalities may be age-related phenomena, but all have been seen in navicular disease to varying degrees.

What is the wet weight of articular cartilage?

Articular cartilage is dense fibrocartilage tissue that is composed mostly of water, with a wet weight of approximately 80% and 65% in the superficial zone and deeper zones, respectively. The remaining wet weight is comprised of approximately 10–20% collagen, 10–20% proteoglycans, and 1–5% cells; these values vary by zone within the articular cartilage (Bhosale & Richardson, 2008 ). Cartilage can be divided into four main zones: the superficial zone, the transitional zone, the radial zone, and the calcified zone. A depiction of the different zones is shown in Figure 6.1.

What are the main structures that resist carpal hyperextension?

The palmar ligaments and fibrocartilage are the main structures that resist carpal hyperextension. Carpal hyperextension injuries in cats result from a fall from a height, where large tensile forces are generated on the palmar side of the carpus during impact on the ground.

Where is articular cartilage found?

As mentioned previously, articular cartilage is found on the joint surfaces of bone, providing a low-friction, shock-absorbing motion between bones. Much of articular cartilage research and treatment focuses on the knee. Basic knee anatomy can be seen in Figure 6.2 ( Marr, 2012). There are two potential contacts between bones: the femur with the tibia and the femur with the patella. The superficial layer of articular cartilage and the synovial fluid of the joint create a coefficient of friction as low as 0.0025, allowing these surfaces to glide across each other. Moreover, the menisci (medial and lateral) are fibrocartilage tissue structures between the femur and tibia that allow for more efficient gliding and aid in weight distribution. Articular cartilage is also present on the bone surfaces of other joints in the body, most notably the shoulder, elbow, and ankle (Kellett et al., 2006; Marr, 2012 ).

What is a stratiform fibrocartilage?

Stratiform fibrocartilages arise within ligamentous structures at an interface with high focal pressure between soft tissue and bone, either within a ligament or as an extension of a bony surface. These structures are similar to intercalated bones in that they typically provide rigidity to help dissipate compressive forces, but the moderate elasticity allows for some flexibility of the structures.

How does laser therapy treat cancer?

Lasers to Treat Cancer. Laser therapy uses an intense, narrow beam of light to remove or destroy cancer and abnormal cells that can turn into cancer. Credit: iStock.

What is laser therapy used for?

Laser therapy is most often used to treat cancers and precancers on the surface of the body or the lining of internal organs. It is used for: basal cell skin cancer. non-small cell lung cancer. colorectal polyps. precancers of the: anus. cervix. penis.

What type of laser is used to treat cancer?

Three types of lasers are used to treat cancer: CO2 and argon lasers can cut the skin’s surface without going into deeper layers. So, they can be used to remove cancers on the surface of the body, such as skin cancer.

What is the purpose of a Nd:YAG laser?

The Nd:YAG laser is more often used through an endoscope to treat internal organs, such as the uterus, esophagus, and colon. Nd:YAG laser light can also travel through optical fibers into specific areas of the body during LITT. Argon lasers are often used in photodynamic therapy.

What is the number to call for laser therapy?

If you are interested in finding a clinical trial that uses lasers, use the advanced clinical trials search form or call NCI's Cancer Information Service at 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237) .

How do tumor cells absorb light?

Tumor cells absorb light of different wavelengths (or colors) than normal cells do. So, tumor cells can be targeted by selecting the proper wave length of the laser. Laser therapy is a type of local treatment, which means it treats a specific part of your body. Lasers can also be used in other types of local treatment, ...

Why do we use lasers for cancer?

Lasers may also be used to ease certain symptoms of advanced cancer, such as bleeding or blockages. For example, lasers can be used to destroy parts of a tumor that is blocking the windpipe, throat, colon, or stomach.

How does a laser help a tooth?

The laser also sterilizes tissue and bone, and stimulates formation of a blood clot. The blood clot speeds healing and helps gum tissue reattach to the tooth. This eliminates the need for stitches.

How does a laser work?

The laser is about the size of three human hairs. The laser will use pinpointed light to remove diseased and inflamed gum tissue from the pocket. (The laser is designed to only remove diseased tissue. It does not remove or damage healthy gum tissue.

What is the procedure for gummy smile?

Procedure for laser gummy smile surgery. Here’s what you can expect for gummy smile surgery: If inflammation or infection is causing excess gum tissue, your periodontist’s first step will be a scaling and root planing procedure. Then, a laser procedure can sculpt and contour the gums.

How much does it cost to have a laser gum surgery?

If a scaling and planing procedure is done before laser gum surgery, the fee may range anywhere from $200 for one quadrant to $1,500 or more for your entire mouth. Laser gum surgery may be done with a Nd:YAG type of laser using LANAP. Trusted Source. (laser-assisted new attachment procedure) protocol.

How to get rid of gum disease after laser?

In the first 1 to 2 days, your periodontist may recommend you rinse your mouth every few hours with warm salt water to help soothe your mouth. Mix 1/2 teaspoon of salt in 8 ounces of water. Make sure the water isn’t too hot or cold. Laser surgery can decrease gum disease.

How much does a dental X-ray cost?

Your initial consultation will include X-rays, which can cost anywhere from $50 to several hundred dollars.

Can laser gum surgery be done on gums?

Targeted areas for treatment. Laser gum surgery can be done on the gums in any quadrant of the mouth. The lasers used for this purpose are designed to treat soft tissue. Laser surgeries can also be done on and in teeth. These procedures use different types of lasers that are designed to treat hard tissue.

Overview

Why It's Done

Risks

How You Prepare

What You Can Expect

• During the procedure
  Your doctor may do laser resurfacing as an outpatient procedure. Your care team will numb skin with medication. For extensive resurfacing, such as treatment to your whole face, you might be sedated. During ablative laser resurfacing, an intense beam of light energy (laser) is directed at y…
• After the procedure
  After ablative laser resurfacing, the treated skin will be raw, swollen and itchy. Your doctor will apply a thick ointment to the treated skin and might cover the area with an airtight and watertight dressing. You may take a pain reliever and use ice packs. New skin usually covers the area in on…

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