Can MBSR training be adapted to the needs of your patients?
Sep 09, 2019 · What Exactly is MBSR? Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is a form of alternative solution that helps to manage and deal with various health problems. These can include chronic pain and illness, as well as temporary conditions, such as headaches. MBSR can also help those with purely psychological afflictions. Woman practicing mindfulness.
What is the MBSR program?
MBSR stands for Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction. It is an eight-week program developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn in the 1970s to treat patients struggling with life’s difficulties and physical or mental illness. The program is heavily based on mindfulness meditation.
What concentration practice is used in MBSR?
3.1. CONDUCTING AN ASSESSMENT. Assessment is the process of obtaining information about the patient's drug use and how it is affecting his or her life. It is an essential part of treatment and care for people who use drugs. The person conducting the assessment should be a healthcare worker – a doctor, nurse, psychologist or other person with a health-related qualification.
What is mindfulness-based meditation (MBSR)?
Module 3 covers the issues of clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. We will define assessment and then describe key issues such as reliability, validity, standardization, and specific methods that are used. In terms of clinical diagnosis, we will discuss the two main classification systems used around the world – the DSM-5 and ICD-10.
How does Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Work?
MBSR changes the way people think about situations, helping them focus on the present vs. the past or future. It also heightens awareness of negative thought processes to help people identify anxious thinking and reactions early in order to detach and remain centered and calm.Mar 31, 2021
What is mindfulness and why is it important?
Mindfulness is the practice of purposely focusing your attention on the present moment—and accepting it without judgment. Mindfulness is now being examined scientifically and has been found to be a key element in stress reduction and overall happiness.
How does mindfulness work?
Mindfulness is a type of meditation in which you focus on being intensely aware of what you're sensing and feeling in the moment, without interpretation or judgment. Practicing mindfulness involves breathing methods, guided imagery, and other practices to relax the body and mind and help reduce stress.
What is mindfulness cognitive behavioral therapy?
What Is Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy? Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a type of psychotherapy that involves a combination of cognitive therapy, meditation, and the cultivation of a present-oriented, non-judgmental attitude called "mindfulness."1.Jul 14, 2021
How do you maintain mindfulness?
Fire up your five senses. One of the simplest ways of staying mindful is to bring your attention to the present moment. ... Focus on your breath. Another access point to bringing our attention to the moment is by focusing on our breath. ... Observe your thoughts. ... Mindful eating. ... Practice active listening. ... Observe your surroundings.Apr 13, 2020
Why Mindfulness is important in the workplace?
Mindfulness gives employees permission and space to think — to be present — leading to mental agility, resilience and self-awareness. In addition, mindfulness can reduce emotional exhaustion, increase openness to new ideas and develop compassion and empathy.Oct 5, 2020
What theoretical perspective is mindfulness?
In brief, the Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory asserts that mindfulness allows one to decenter from stress appraisals into a metacognitive state of awareness that broadens attention to previously unnoticed pieces of information about one's life, accommodating a reappraisal (i.e., a reframing) of adverse circumstances that ...Nov 26, 2015
What are the strengths of the mindfulness-based treatments?
If you are struggling, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, also known as MBCT, may help. MBCT and other meditative practices have been shown to reduce anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, lower stress and cortisol levels, and are beneficial for all ages.Sep 15, 2020
What are mindfulness interventions?
Mindfulness interventions aim to foster an open and accepting awareness of one's thoughts and feelings, including an observant attitude toward the thought patterns and body experiences that occur when one feels acutely anxious or depressed.
What theory is mindfulness-based cognitive therapy based on?
MBCT was developed as a therapy to prevent relapse in patients with previous episodes of depression (1, 2). This development was based on cognitive models of vulnerability to depression, in particular, the theory of Interacting Cognitive Subsystems (ICS) (48–50) and the Differential Activation Hypothesis (3, 51, 52).May 15, 2020
How long is MBSR?
The program runs over 8 consecutive weeks, where you meet up for sessions of 2.5 hours. Sessions typically start with a meditation. Meditations in MBSR range in length between 30 and 90 minutes.
Who started MBSR?
From the very start of MBSR, Jon Kabat-Zinn started studying the effects on his patients in a scientific way. This means that he handed out questionnaires at the beginning of the course and at the end. He could then measure the effect of the course.
What does MBSR stand for?
MBSR stands for Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction. It is an eight-week program developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn in the 1970s to treat patients struggling with life’s difficulties and physical or mental illness. The program is heavily based on mindfulness meditation.
How does mindfulness help you?
So what are the findings or all this research? According to a big survey of the literature by the American Psychological Institute, there is compelling evidence that mindfulness works in the following areas: 1 Reduced rumination 2 Stress reduction 3 Boosts to working memory 4 Increased focus 5 Less emotional reactivity 6 More cognitive flexibility 7 Better relationship satisfaction 8 Enhance self-insight, morality, intuition and fear modulation
How long is the meditation session for week 3?
Week three starts with a very long meditation session that can take up to 90 minutes. It starts with mindful yoga for 1 hour and then 20 minutes of sitting meditation followed by 10 minutes of walking meditation. During this week, the challenges of the meditation practices are discussed.
How long does it take to meditate for MBSR?
Usually, it is one of the meditations that have been performed during the session. These at-home meditations take up 30 to 45 minutes a day and are the real core of the MBSR program.
Why do we do mindfulness meditation?
You do this because you want to explore the distraction. You want to know all there is to know about it.
What is assessment in NCBI?
Assessment is the process of obtaining information about the patient's drug use and how it is affecting his or her life. It is an essential part of treatment and care for people who use drugs. NCBI.
Who should conduct a drug assessment?
The person conducting the assessment should be a healthcare worker – a doctor, nurse, psychologist or other person with a health-related qualification. It is important that the information obtained in the assessment is honest and accurate. But, talking about drug use can be difficult. Patients may be reluctant to talk about their drug use.
Why is psychosocial history important?
Psychosocial history. It is also important to obtain an understanding of how the person's drug use has affected their daily life. You might say to the patient “thank you for co-operating with the assessment so far. Now, I'd like to ask you a little bit about how drugs have affected your life.
What to do when a patient is in withdrawal?
If the patient has concerns or is in withdrawal, do your best to alleviate this. Provide accurate information about what symptoms can be expected and how long they may last. If possible, provide medication to relieve symptoms. Ask the patient if he or she has previously undergone treatment for their drug use.
What is the purpose of asking questions during an assessment?
During an assessment, the patient may be asked to reveal very personal and private information. It is important that you explain why you are asking these questions, and what you will do with the information that the patient gives you. For example, “I'm going to ask you some questions about your drug use.
Can a patient be embarrassed about drug use?
They may be embarrassed, or they may fear punishment if they disclose drug use. The patient may be under the influence of drugs (intoxicated)on their admission to the closed setting, in which case they may not be able to answer the assessment questions accurately.
What is the primary goal of assessment?
Within the clinical context, the primary goal of assessment is to determine those characteristics of the client and his or her life situation that may influence treatment decisions and contribute to the success of treatment (Allen 1991). Additionally, assessment procedures are crucial to the treatment planning process.
What is client-treatment matching?
Client–treatment matching attempts to place the client in those treatments most appropriate to his or her needs. There are a number of dimensions on which treatments may vary and which need to be considered in attempting to make an appropriate referral or match (Marlatt 1988; W.R. Miller 1989 b; Institute of Medicine 1990; Donovan et al. 1994; Gastfriend and McLellan 1997). Among these dimensions are treatment setting (e.g., inpatient, residential, outpatient), treatment intensity, specific treatment modalities, and the degree of therapeutic structure. A number of possible variables may interact with these dimensions to lead to differential outcomes, making the clinician’s task more difficult.
What is Shiffman's theory of relapse proneness?
Shiffman (1989) suggested that three levels of information are necessary in order to gain a sense of the individual’s “relapse proneness,” and thus are relevant to treatment planning. These fall along a continuum of their proximity, in both time and influence, to the probability of relapse.
What are the stages of alcohol abuse?
The first two stages involve screening, case finding, and identification of a substance use disorder; an evaluation of the parameters of drinking behavior, signs, symptoms, and severity of alcohol dependence, and negative consequences of use; and formal diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence.
Is drinking behavior multidimensional?
Drinking behavior and alcohol problems are multidimensional. As such, it is often important to have a broad overview of the parameters of drinking, the expectancies that accompany and potentially maintain alcohol use, and the biopsychosocial aspects of the individual’s life that are affected by drinking (Donovan 1988). Assessments thus need to be relatively broad to capture the extent and complexity of the multiple facets of alcohol problems. This can be done by the use of instruments derived from a variety of assessment domains or that assess a broad range of factors within a single interview or questionnaire. A number of such instruments are reviewed in this section.
What is the purpose of self monitoring?
The person does their own measuring and recording of the ABCs, which is called self-monitoring. In the context of psychopathology, behavior modification can be useful in treating phobias, reducing habit disorders, and ridding the person of maladaptive cognitions. 3.1.3.7. Intelligence tests.
What is MRI imaging?
Images are produced that yield information about the functioning of the brain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI provides 3D images of the brain or other body structures using magnetic fields and computers. It can detect brain and spinal cord tumors or nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis.
What are the three critical concepts of assessment?
The assessment process involves three critical concepts – reliability, validity, and standardization . Actually, these three are important to science in general. First, we want the assessment to be reliable or consistent. Outside of clinical assessment, when our car has an issue and we take it to the mechanic, we want to make sure that what one mechanic says is wrong with our car is the same as what another says, or even two others. If not, the measurement tools they use to assess cars are flawed. The same is true of a patient who is suffering from a mental disorder. If one mental health professional says the person suffers from major depressive disorder and another says the issue is borderline personality disorder, then there is an issue with the assessment tool being used (in this case, the DSM and more on that in a bit). Ensuring that two different raters are consistent in their assessment of patients is called interrater reliability. Another type of reliability occurs when a person takes a test one day, and then the same test on another day. We would expect the person’s answers to be consistent, which is called test-retest reliability. For example, let’s say the person takes the MMPI on Tuesday and then the same test on Friday. Unless something miraculous or tragic happened over the two days in between tests, the scores on the MMPI should be nearly identical to one another. What does identical mean? The score at test and the score at retest are correlated with one another. If the test is reliable, the correlation should be very high (remember, a correlation goes from -1.00 to +1.00, and positive means as one score goes up, so does the other, so the correlation for the two tests should be high on the positive side).
What is clinical diagnosis?
Clinical diagnosis is the process of using assessment data to determine if the pattern of symptoms the person presents with is consistent with the diagnostic criteria for a specific mental disorder outlined in an established classification system such as the DSM-5 or I CD-10 (both will be described shortly). Any diagnosis should have clinical utility, meaning it aids the mental health professional in determining prognosis, the treatment plan, and possible outcomes of treatment (APA, 2013). Receiving a diagnosis does not necessarily mean the person requires treatment. This decision is made based upon how severe the symptoms are, level of distress caused by the symptoms, symptom salience such as expressing suicidal ideation, risks and benefits of treatment, disability, and other factors (APA, 2013). Likewise, a patient may not meet the full criteria for a diagnosis but require treatment nonetheless.
What is the purpose of a CT scan?
Finally, computed tomography or the CT scan involves taking X-rays of the brain at different angles and is used to diagnose brain damage caused by head injuries or brain tumors. 3.1.3.5. Physical examination.
When was the DSM revised?
The Herculean task of revising the DSM began in 1999 when the APA embarked upon an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the DSM in coordination with the World Health Organization (WHO) Division of Mental Health, the World Psychiatric Association, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).
When was the DSM 5 published?
3.2.2.1. A brief history of the DSM. The DSM-5 was published in 2013 and took the place of the DSM IV-TR (TR means Text Revision; published in 2000), but the history of the DSM goes back to 1944 when the American Psychiatric Association published a predecessor of the DSM which was a “statistical classification of institutionalized mental patients” and “…was designed to improve communication about the types of patients cared for in these hospitals” (APA, 2013, p. 6). The DSM evolved through four major editions after World War II into a diagnostic classification system to be used psychiatrists and physicians, but also other mental health professionals. The Herculean task of revising the DSM began in 1999 when the APA embarked upon an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the DSM in coordination with the World Health Organization (WHO) Division of Mental Health, the World Psychiatric Association, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). This collaboration resulted in the publication of a monograph in 2002 called A Research Agenda for DSM-V. From 2003 to 2008, the APA, WHO, NIMH, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) convened 13 international DSM-5 research planning conferences “to review the world literature in specific diagnostic areas to prepare for revisions in developing both DSM-5 and the International Classification of Disease, 11th Revision (ICD-11)” (APA, 2013).
What are the sections of a substance abuse evaluation?
According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) , the sections of a substance abuse evaluation are screening and assessment.
How to evaluate a substance abuser?
The purpose of a substance abuse evaluation is to explore the following: 1 establish if the person meets criteria for a substance misuse disorder (drug or alcohol abuse or addiction) 2 find out the degree or severity of the substance misuse disorder 3 explore the possibility of a co-occurring disorder or poly-drug use 4 discover how much substance use is affecting the life of the individual
What is a substance abuse screening?
Substance Abuse Screening. Substance abuse screening evaluates if a persons substance use may need further exploration for potential of an abuse disorder. There are different types of screening and the result of a screening is usually yes (positive) or no (negative). If the answer is yes (positive), it is used to indicate ...
What does it mean when a substance abuse test is positive?
If the answer is yes (positive), it is used to indicate that a closer look is needed to determine if the substance use may warrant treatment. Different types of screenings for substance abuse include: Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) – a self-report that is easy to take, administer, and score.
What is the evaluative process for substance abuse?
Providers need to have an evaluative process that can be used to create individualized, evidence based treatment, and that process includes a substance abuse assessment. There are many feelings a person experiences when standing face to face with their own substance misuse, abuse or addiction. All too often, shame and embarrassment keep ...
Why is it important to share accurate personal information?
Sharing accurate, truthful personal information is important in order to provide well-rounded appropriate treatment.
Why is it important to treat both mental health issues at the same time?
While it isn’t always clear if the mental health issue is a result of the substance abuse, or if the substance abuse is an attempt to self-medicate the mental health issue, it is important to treat both conditions at the same time to help increase the likelihood of long-term sobriety.
When evaluating any domain of the Policy Process, it is important to gather credible evidence?
When evaluating any domain of the Policy Process, it is important to gather credible evidence; meaning that the methods and sources used must be relevant to the questions being asked and credible to stakeholders and others who will interpret and use the findings. The types of evidence collected will depend on:
What is the role of public health professionals in the policy process?
Public health professionals can play an important role in the policy process. They develop partnerships, analyze and evaluate policy , promote and implement evidence-based policies and communicate findings. CDC’s Policy Process1 was developed to foster common language and understanding around policy and the process by which it is conceptualized, developed, adopted, implemented and evaluated.
What is the most useful evaluation?
The most useful evaluation occurs when there is clarity and consensus from the start regarding activities, intended outcomes, and the focus of the evaluation. A specific evaluation may encompass one, some, or all domains and evaluation efforts may require different considerations and methods in each domain. For example, although the step-by-step evaluation process might be the same for both policy analysis and policy implementation, the information needed or received and how that information will be collected and used may differ.
What is the CDC framework for program evaluation?
CDC’s Framework for Program Evaluation in Public Health2 provides a practical, step-by-step approach that has been used consistently to evaluate programmatic efforts. This framework comprises six steps: engaging stakeholders, describing the program, focusing the evaluation design, gathering credible evidence, justifying conclusions, and ensuring use and sharing lessons learned (see Figure 2). The steps outlined for program evaluation can also be applied to the evaluation of many policy efforts.a
Problem Recognition, Motivation, and Readiness to Change
Alcohol–Related Expectancies and Self–Efficacy
Perceived Locus of Control of Drinking Behavior
Measures of Family History of Alcohol Problems
Extra–Treatment Social Support
- An important area to consider as part of the assessment process is the extent and nature of the individual’s social support system. Perceived social support may serve as a moderator of the relationship between a positive family history of alcoholism and the development of alcohol problems (Ohannessian and Hesselbrock 1993). Litman (1986) noted that...
Multidimensional Assessment Measures
Measures to Assist in Differential Treatment Placement
Summary
Acknowledgments
References