How does Zinn attempt to prove that the Indians were not inferior?
How does Zinn attempt to prove that the Indians were not inferior? Zinn explained the Indian accomplishments before the English were there. They perfected the art of agriculture, used irrigation canals, made ceramics, and made cloth out of cotton. THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...
How did the Spanish treat the natives in Hispaniola?
Spanish explorers considered the natives inferior. Consequently, they forcibly converted natives to Christianity, confined them to slavery and murdered them. In 1492, Christopher Columbus arrived on the island of Hispaniola.
What is Zinn's main purpose for writing a people's history?
Terms in this set (18) According to Zinn, what is his main purpose for writing A People's History of the United States? To tell the story of America's discovery from the point of view of the victims. What is Zinn's thesis for pages 1-11?
How does Zinn argue that past historians (and teachers) have justified Columbus'genocide?
How does Zinn argue that past historians (and teachers!) have justified Columbus' genocide of the Arawaks? Zinn argues that past historians and and teachers have justified Columbus' genocide by burying it inside the story of genocide inside a more important story of human progress.
What was the impossible task for natives as described by Zinn?
The Indians had been given an impossible task. The only gold around was bits of dust garnered from the streams. So they fled, were hunted down with dogs, and were killed. Trying to put together an army of resistance, the Arawaks faced Spaniards who had armor, muskets, swords, horses.
What is Zinn's thesis in Columbus the Indians and human progress?
Thesis Statement: Zinn argues that the perspective of indigenous people should not be omitted and argues that their perspectives are as significant as any other.
What was Zinn's thesis?
2. Zinn's thesis for pages 1 to 11 is to tell the arrival of Columbus as it really happened from the point of view of the Indians. He doesn't try to hide the things that Columbus and other Europeans did to the Indians and talks about how the Indians were not inferior as the Europeans had thought they were.
What is Zinn's general opinion of Columbus?
Zinn's thesis is that Colombus was not a real hero, how all the history books portray him as. Instead he was dishonest to who supported his journeys, offering them fake promises, and he was cruel to the people of the lands that he traveled to.
What is Zinn's approach to the study of history?
The Zinn Education Project approach to history starts with the premise that the lives of ordinary people matter — that history ought to focus on those who too often receive only token attention (workers, women, people of color), and also on how people's actions, individually and collectively, shaped our society.
How does Zinn attempt to prove that Indians were not inferior?
A: Zinn attempts to prove that the Indians were not inferior by stating all of their accomplishments that were made without the help of the English such as building large terraced buildings, nestled in among cliffs and mountains to protect them from enemies, before European explorers Indians were already using ...
What did Zinn believe?
Zinn described himself as "something of an anarchist, something of a socialist. Maybe a democratic socialist." He wrote extensively about the civil rights movement, the anti-war movement and labor history of the United States.
What is Zinn's general opinion of Columbus quizlet?
Christopher Columbus was not a real hero as most history books portray him. Instead he was dishonest and falsehearted to those who supported his journeys, offering them fake promises. He was also a cruel abuser to the Arawak Indians and other inhabitants of the lands in which he traveled to.
What is Zinn's thesis in Chapter 2?
Zinn ends the chapter by reiterating his two main points: 1) the economic need for slavery caused the rise of racism in America; 2) powerful Americans encouraged racism between blacks and whites to reinforce their own power.
What does Zinn argue is the sacrifice of human progress?
The sacrifice of human progress is, if there are necessary sacrifices to be made for human progress, is it is not essential to hold the principle that those to be sacrificed must make the decision themselves. They are killed by not by their own choice, but someone else's.
What does Zinn argue is the sacrifice of human progress?
The sacrifice of human progress is, if there are necessary sacrifices to be made for human progress, is it is not essential to hold the principle that those to be sacrificed must make the decision themselves. They are killed by not by their own choice, but someone else's.
What is the significance of Quetzalcoatl Zinn?
What was the significance of Quetzalcoatl? Quetzalcoatl was an Aztec god. The Aztecs believed Hernando Cortes was this god and welcomed him with gold. Compare the strategies and motives underlying the conquest of the Aztecs by Cortez and the conquest of the Incas by Pizzaro.
What is the Columbian Exchange per the Alfred Crosby thesis?
The thesis of The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492, by Alfred W. Crosby, is to simply put it that the first contact between the Old and New World is perhaps one of the most important events in all of human history.
What is Berliner's view of Western civilization How does he compare it with the culture of the natives?
Berliner insists that Western civilization (a term he considers synonymous with the federal holiday) is the "objectively superior culture" (par. 5), and that an attempt to challenge this threatens to perpetuate the racism that (according to him) is created by ethnic identity and celebration of cultural diversity.
What was the treatment of Native Americans by the Spanish?
Spanish treatment of the Native Americans was poor. Spanish explorers considered the natives inferior. Consequently, they forcibly converted natives to Christianity, confined them to slavery and murdered them. In 1492, Christopher Columbus arrived on the island of Hispaniola.
How did the Spanish exploit natives?
Spanish exploitation of native populations gradually moved westward, as the explorers continued their quest for silver, gold and other valuable natural resources. They continued their inhumane treatment of native populations in South America, and eventually moved north into North America. In addition to forcing the native populations into slavery, the Spanish explorers forced them to convert to Christianity. Those who resisted were punished by a system called encomienda, in which natives were assigned to settlers through land grants as part of a deal. When settlers claimed a piece of land, they were also given a group of natives with it. The natives forcibly worked the land by planting crops and mining for the landowners. This allowed the settlers to maintain control over the natives without enslaving them.
What did Christopher Columbus do to the natives?
The sailors were ordered to treat the natives humanely, and they were to be considered equal. The queen ordered the natives to be converted to Christianity and taught European behaviors. However, she did not authorize slavery. Columbus defied those orders, which eventually led to tensions between the explorers and the Spanish government.
What happened to the natives of the Caribbean after Columbus's landing?
In the 20 years following Columbus's landing on Hispaniola, Spanish explorers extended their reach to other Caribbean islands. Native populations in Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Cuba were also forced into slavery.
What did Columbus do to the natives?
Columbus also forced native men to collect gold and return it to the sailors. If the men did not reach their 90-day quota, they were punished by death. In addition to the unethical practices that the explorers launched against the natives, they also brought diseases with them from Europe.
What did the Spanish government do in 1500?
In 1500, the Spanish government sent a ship to the New World and demanded Columbus's return to Spain.
Who was the priest who advocated for better treatment of the natives?
Believing that the Laws of Burgos were still too harsh, Bartolome de Las Casas, another priest, advocated for better treatment of the natives.
How did Zinn prove that the Indians were not inferior?
A: Zinn attempts to prove that the Indians were not inferior by stating all of their accomplishments that were made without the help of the English such as building large terraced buildings, nestled in among cliffs and mountains to protect them from enemies, before European explorers Indians were already using irrigation canals, dams, were doing ceramics, weaving baskets, and making cloth out of cotton.
What is Zinn's thesis?
A: Zinn’s thesis is to not grieve for the victims and denounce the executioners.
Why were Africans considered better slaves than Indians?
A: Africans were considered “better” slaves than Indians because they were stronger, could tolerate disease, knew how to farm and grow crops, and they were more obedient than the Indians were . Whites were outnumbered by Indians and faced retaliation if they attempted to enslave them and slaves were resourceful in their home land while whites were at a disadvantage.
What does Zinn feel about Morrison?
A: Zinn feels that Morrison mentions the truth quickly and goes on to things more important to him. He feels that Morrison tries to cover the bad things in history up with good things that have happened.
How did racism affect the colonial period?
Rich and powerful whites eventually discovered useful means of manipulating the classes beneath them to suit their own needs by deflecting underclass frustration on to British loyalists, keeping Indians at bay by creating a buffer of poor whites in frontier regions, using racism as a means to promote white unity, and providing gains to the middle class in return for support of upper-class ideals.
What are the major issues Batolome de las Casas bring up?
A: The major issues Batolome de las Casas bring up is Spanish cruelty towards the Indian people.
Why did Pizarro kill people?
Pizarro and Cortez destroyed nations for gold, slaves, products of the soil, to pay bond and stock holders of the expeditions, to finance the monarchial bureaucracies rising in Western Europe, to spur the growth of the new money economy rising out of feudalism, and to participate in “the primitive accumulation of capital.”
What would happen if the English had been kind and asked the Powhatans for help?
If the English had been kind and asked the Powhatans for help, they would have obliged. The English could get what they wanted without using violence
Why did Indians drown their children?
The Indians were treated very badly. Mother's would even drown their children to spare them from the torture of the Spanish.
Why did the English destroy an entire village?
The English destroyed an entire village because one native took a cup. The Powhatans retaliated and war began.
What did Kissinger write about?
Kissinger only wrote about the leaders, and not those that suffered
Why did the Puritans say you could take Indian land?
of Massachusetts Bay Colony) said you could take Indian land because the area was a legal "vacuum" and that Indians did not have a "civil right" to the land since it wasn't subdued yet. The Puritans also used religion to justify stealing land. They lived in uneasy truce with the Pequot Indians, and they eventually used the murder of a white man to declare war on the Indians in 1636. They raided Blick Island to attack the Narragansett Indians, and then went up and down the coast raiding Pequot villages, destroying crops. The English used deliberate attacks on noncombatants for the purpose of terrorizing the enemy. Captain John Mason attacked Mystic River tribes by avoiding attacking the soldiers but massacring civilians instead. He set the entire village on fire, making sure no one escaped. At the end of the war, 600 people had died and there were only 21 Pequots left.
What did the Spaniards have?
The Spaniards had muskets, swords, horses, etc. Mass suicides of Arawaks began, which only decimated the population further. It soon became clear that no gold was left, so Indians were taken on as slave labor in the encomienda system. They died by the thousands. By 1650, no original Arawaks were left on Haiti.
What did Columbus do to the Indians?
When they finally came back to Navidad, the crew members had been attacked by Indians after they had attacked and taken slaves. From Navidad (on Haiti) Columbus sent expeditions into the interior trying to find gold, with no success. However, he had to pay something back to Spain, so in 1495, he went on a great slave raid and rounded up 1500 Arawak Indians, shipping about 500 of the finest specimens back to Spain (about 200 died en route). However, too many of these slaves died in captivity, and Columbus still needed to pay back his investors. He ordered al the Indians in the province of Cicao, Haiti fourteen years or older to find a certain quanitity of gold every 3 months. In exchange, they would recieve a copper coin to hang around their necks. If they were found without a copper coin, their hands were chopped off and they bled to death. However, as there was very little gold around, so they fled and eventually were caught and killed.
What did the Arawak Indians do to meet Columbus?
The Arawak Indians swam out to meet Columbus when he arrived on the beaches of the Bahamas. They were holding food, water, and gifts. Columbus remarks that they were willing to trade everything they owned, and also mentions that with 50 men he would be able to force them into slavery.
What happened to the Powhatan tribe in 1610?
When summer came, the governer of Jamestown sent a message to ask the Powhatan back for the runaways, whom they would not give up. The English killed 16 Indians and raided the town, and harmed their royal family. 12 years later, the Indians decided to try and massacre the English, killing 347 people. Not able to enslave or coexist w/ the Indians, the English decided to exterminate them. In 1607, Powhatan wrote to John Smith to ask to lay down their arms in order to live in peace. This was prophetic of the massacre and entire decimation of the Powhatan tribe that would later occur.
Why did Rodrigo cry out in 1492?
A sailor named Rodrigo saw white sand and cried out (October 12th, 1492) because the first man to see land was supposed to get 10,000 maravedis yearly for life. However, Columbus claimed he had seen the land the night before, and therefore he got the reward instead of Rodrigo.
What was the purpose of Hispanioa's voyage?
He was able to secure 17 ships and 1200 crew members for this next voyage, whose aim was to secure slaves and gold.
When did Zinn die?
The lynching added to the anti-Italian sentiment of the time, a group not seen as “white.”. Zinn died in 2010, but his work continues on through the Zinn Education Project that in September collaborated with the Smithsonian in offering credit-bearing “teach-in” classes on abolishing Columbus Day for teachers.
Which states have replaced Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples Day?
On October 8 they mailed out a newsletter that lauded two states, Maine and New Mexico, and cities, such as Columbus, Ohio, and Alexandria, Virginia, that in the past year replaced Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples Day. Also just joining the list are Washington, D.C. and Princeton, New Jersey.
What does the ellipse in the passage A.J. reads mean?
reads indicate not a phrase or sentence but two days’ worth of journal entries from Columbus, including the sentence, “I know that [the Indians] are a people who can be made free and converted to our Holy Faith more by love than by force.”.
What did Zinn want people to learn about?
Zinn wanted people to learn about the Arawaks side of discovering America. He explained that many other events in history, there were different views to look at but for discovering America, there really was only one. To tell the story of the people and cultures left out in history. He wanted to give an accurate account of American history from a victim's point of view.
What were the accomplishments of the Indians?
their accomplishments were made without the help of the English.An example is building large buildings to protect them from enemies. Before European explorers, Indians were already using irrigation canals, dams, weaving baskets, and making cloth out of cotton.
How many people did the Powhatans kill?
when the Powhatans didn't comply. The Settlers took the queen and stabbed her to death. 12 years later, the Indians killed 347 men, women, and children.
What did Kissinger say about Europe?
Kissinger was telling the history of nineteenth-century Europe while ignoring the millions who suffered from different policies. Zinn says that Kissinger states that the peace was restored by different national leaders, "But for factory workers in England, farmers in France, colored people in Asia and Africa, women and children everywhere except in the upper classes, it was a world of conquest, violence, hunger, exploitation-a world not restored but disintegrated." Zinn says that he ignored the problems and summed it up by saying that everything was fine. He only looked at the viewpoints of leaders, instead of the people who suffered at those said leaders policies.
What tactic did Cortez use to terrorize the enemy?
Deliberate attacks on noncombatants for the purpose of terrorizing the enemy, a tactic used by Cortez. They would set fire to wigwams, destroy many, many crops, and bring diseases with them.
Why did the new settlers kill their children?
whenever they wished and had a growing population, but as they were being enslaved and forced to work so hard , they were too tired to, and any children were either killed by the new settlers or by their parents as mercy compared to the savagery of the white man.
Who conquered the Incas?
Cortez and the conquest of the Incas by Pizzaro.