What is used to treat iron overload?
Iron chelation therapy involves taking oral or injected medicine to remove excess iron from the body. Medications can include a drug that binds the excess iron before the body excretes it. Although doctors do not tend to recommend this as a first-line treatment for hemochromatosis, it may be suitable for some people.
Is deferoxamine antidote for iron?
Therapeutics. Deferoxamine is used as an antidote for acute iron toxicity. Deferoxamine is used to treat individuals on dialysis with aluminum toxicity.
What is deferoxamine used to treat?
Deferoxamine injection is used to remove excess iron from the body in anemia or thalassemia patients who have many blood transfusions. It is also used with other medicines to treat acute iron poisoning, especially in small children.
Which chelating agents can be used to treat iron toxicity?
Deferoxamine (Desferal) is used for chelation of iron in both acute and chronic toxicity.
Why is deferoxamine used in iron poisoning?
Deferoxamine works in treating iron toxicity by binding trivalent (ferric) iron (for which it has a strong affinity), forming ferrioxamine, a stable complex which is eliminated via the kidneys. 100 mg of deferoxamine is capable of binding approximately 8.5 mg of trivalent (ferric) iron.
How does deferoxamine chelate iron?
Within cells, deferoxamine is localized to lysosomes, where it induces autophagy of cytosolic ferritin. Lysosomal degradation of cytosolic ferritin releases iron that is bound by deferoxamine, and the chelated iron is then cleared from the cell.
How is deferoxamine given?
A diagnostic challenge dose of deferoxamine is administered intramuscularly or intravenously over a 45-minute period at doses of 40 to 90 mg/kg up to a maximum of 1 g in children and 2 g in adults. Deferoxamine can also be administered intravenously as a constant infusion of 15 mg/kg per hour.
What type of drug is deferoxamine?
Deferoxamine is an iron-binding agent that belongs to a class of drugs known as heavy metal antagonists. It works by helping the kidneys and gallbladder get rid of the extra iron.
How do you infuse deferoxamine?
Intravenous Administration The standard recommended method of Desferal administration is via slow subcutaneous infusion over 8–12 hours. In patients with intravenous access, the daily dose of Desferal can be administered intravenously.
How do iron chelating agents work?
Iron chelation therapy works by binding to the iron and allows the body to excrete the bound particles. Iron chelating agents come as a dissolvable tablet, Exjade (Deferasirox), or as a slow infusion, Desferrioxamine, under the skin or intravenously (into a vein).
What is chelation therapy and why is this treatment necessary to combat iron overload?
Chelation therapy aims to balance the rate of iron accumulation from blood transfusion by increasing iron excretion in urine and or faces with chelators. If chelation has been delayed or has been inadequate, it will be necessary to excrete iron at a rate which exceeds this.
How is iron chelation treated?
Drugs called iron chelators remove extra iron from your body. There are two iron chelators approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the U.S. Deferoxamine (Desferal®) is usually administered by subcutaneous (under the skin) infusion using a small portable pump about the size of a CD player.