How does a nurse provide justice to patients on the unit?
To provide justice to patients on the unit, the nurse must 1.give all patients with the same diagnosis the same level of care. 2.treat all patients with equal dignity and respect. 3.base care on patient culture, religion, and social status. 4.determine who is most deserving of extra care.
Which response best explains the difference between nursing laws and ethics?
Which response best explains the difference between nursing laws and ethics? 1. "Ethics refer to ideal behavior of nurses, but laws require mandatory observance by nurses." 2. "Nursing ethics are formalized by statutes, whereas laws are permissive codes." 3. "Ethics are derived from laws, whereas laws are enacted by non-nurse legislators." 4.
Which ethical principle is the nurse using?
The nurse is using an ethical principle, namely autonomy, in which each person or group can choose those actions that fulfill its values and goals. Therefore, the nurse is using principlismthat is, basic principles are the basis of the nurses actions.
What is the relationship between patient rights and ethical principles?
As such, rights and ethics are usually flip sides of the same coin, and behind every ‘patient right’ is one or more ethical principle from which that right is derived. This activity discusses how the interprofessional team can ensure that ethical principles are followed and the patient's rights are assured.
What is the principle that requires treatment of all persons equally and fairly?
Justice. Another way of conceiving the principle of justice is that equals ought to be treated equally. However, this statement requires explication.
Which ethical principle requires doing no harm?
The Principle of Nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence means doing no harm. Providers must ask themselves whether their actions may harm the patient either by omission or commission. The guiding principle of primum non nocere, “First of all, do no harm,” is found in the Hippocratic Oath.
When making an ethical decision the nurse should do which of the following?
The ethical principles that nurses must adhere to are the principles of justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence, accountability, fidelity, autonomy, and veracity. Justice is fairness. Nurses must be fair when they distribute care, for example, among the patients in the group of patients that they are taking care of.
What is the professional responsibility of the nurse when the nurses ethics conflict with the patient?
Nurses must examine the conflicts arising between their own personal and professional values and the values and interests of others who are also responsible for patient care and health care decisions, and they must address these conflicts in ways that ensure patient safety and promote the best interests of the patient ...
What is ethical principle in nursing?
Ethical Principles in Nursing Autonomy means that the patients are able to make independent decisions. This means that nurses should be sure patients have all of the needed information that is required to make a decision about their medical care and are educated. The nurses do not influence the patient's choice.
Which principle of ethics refers to treating equal cases equally?
The principle of equalityThe principle of equality states that equal cases should be treated equally and that a difference in treatment requires that we can identify a morally relevant difference.
What is beneficence and Nonmaleficence in nursing?
Beneficence: a principle stating that nurses work to give patients the best care possible. Nonmaleficence: states that one should do no harm and promote good care. Code of Ethics: ethical nursing standards as defined by the American Nurses Association (ANA)
What does beneficence mean in ethics?
Beneficence is defined as an act of charity, mercy, and kindness with a strong connotation of doing good to others including moral obligation.
How do you practice beneficence?
Beneficence requires healthcare professionals to take actions that benefit others, providing for their good. It requires compassion and understanding of the patient's value system: determination of “good” is highly individual and dependent on each person's preferences.
What is the professional responsibility of the nurse when the nurses ethics conflict with the patient quizlet?
When patients are unable to express themselves, what is the nurse ethically required to do for the patient? A nurse is ethically required to advocate for the rights of all patients, including those who are unable to express themselves and those with whom the nurse disagrees philosophically.
What are the essential rights and responsibilities of the professional nurse?
Nurses have the right to freely and openly advocate for themselves and their patients, without fear of retribution. The Code of Ethics for Nurses (2001) asserts that the nurse promotes, advocates for and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of the patient, as one of its non-negotiable tenets.
What are the 4 main ethical principles in nursing?
The 4 main ethical principles, that is beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice, are defined and explained. Informed consent, truth-telling, and confidentiality spring from the principle of autonomy, and each of them is discussed.
What is the moral character of a nurse?
a. Nursing is a call to service, and the moral character of persons entering nursing is important. A nurse is applying the knowledge and processes of ethics to the examination of ethical problems in health care.
What is the role of nursing in society?
The profession of nursing is responsible for articulating nursing values, for maintaining the integrity of the profession, and for shaping social policy. d. The profession of nursing is responsible for articulating nursing values, for maintaining the integrity of the profession, and for shaping social policy.
What is the primary focus of a nurse?
The nurse's primary focus is on acute bedside nursing, followed by community health care to promote seamless care. c. The nurse owes duty primarily to the physician to strive to protect health, safety, and the rights of the patient.
What is nursing call?
a.Nursing is a call to service, and the moral character of persons entering nursing is important.
What are the rights of a patient?
Commonly established rights tend to derive from a core set of ethical principles, including autonomy of the patient, beneficence, nonmaleficence, (distributive) justice, patient-provider fiduciary (trusting) relationship, and the inviolability of human life. The establishment of whether one principle is of greater inherent value than another is a philosophical endeavor that varies from authority to authority. In many situations, beliefs may directly conflict with one another. When a legal standard does not exist, it remains the obligation of the health care provider to prioritize these principles to achieve an acceptable outcome for the patient.
Why should we have patient rights?
Establishing clearly defined patient rights helps standardize care across healthcare fields and enables patients to have uniform expectations during their treatment. According to the American Cancer Society, organizations should develop patient bills of rights “to empower people to take an active role in improving their health, to strengthen the relationships people have with their health care providers, [and] to establish patients’ rights in dealing with insurance companies and other specific situations related to health coverage.” As with other bills of rights, modern bills of patient rights establish that persons can expect certain treatment regardless of their socioeconomic status, religious affiliation, gender, or ethnicity.
What is benevolence in medicine?
In recent times, such as with the development of osteopathic medicine, Western physicians have begun to renew the call for a more holistic approach to benevolence, which entails addressing the patient’s emotional, social, and spiritual well-being in addition to the care of the body.
What is patient autonomy?
A patient who can defend his or her judgments has the right to make decisions that do not coincide with what the physician believes is beneficial to that patient. This philosophical concept has become a legal right essentially throughout the Western world. As legal precedents have advanced the requirements for patient autonomy to a greater degree than the requirements for health care provider beneficence, patient autonomy has arguably become the dominant principle affecting patient rights. For example, a patient may refuse treatment that the physician deems to be an act of beneficence. In such cases, the unwritten social contract between patient and physician requires that medical professionals still attempt to inform the patient of the potential consequences of proceeding against medical advice. A patient's autonomy is violated when family members or members of a healthcare team pressure a patient or when they act on the patient’s behalf without the patient’s permission (in a non-emergency situation).
What is the conflict between a physician and a patient?
Of the other principles, a physician's intent for beneficence conflicts most often with patient autonomy. This conflict has led to the development of documentation in which the patient must demonstrate their understanding of the predictable consequences of his decision to act against medical advice. When disagreements arise between a healthcare provider and a patient, the health care provider must explain the reasons for their recommendations, allowing the patient to make a more informed decision.
What is informed consent?
The right to informed consent is composed of two parts: first, the right to be informed of potential harm to one’s property (one’s body) caused by a hired agent, and second, the right to autonomy. It was not until the 19th century that physicians began to advocate that a patient should be given an adequate amount of information to understand his or her state of health.[5] After landmark decisions by judges in the 20th century, especially in the 1970s with Canterbury v. Spence, Cobb v. Grant, and Wilkinson v. Vesey, in 1981 the American Medical Association recognized for the first time informed consent as "a basic social policy" necessary to preserve patient autonomy even at the expense of a healthcare provider’s desire for beneficence.
What is the definition of autonomy?
Autonomy (literally “self-rule”) refers to the capacity to live according to one's own reasons and motives. Concerning the autonomy of ordinary citizens, Western society has undergone a radical change in the last 350 years. Before the Enlightenment, most persons lived under the rule of a monarch or similar type of authority. Early Enlightenment philosophers (e.g., Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau) advocated what is now called social contract theory. This is the view that persons' moral and political obligations should depend on an agreement amongst themselves regarding which rules will hold in their particular society.
What is non-maleficence in nursing?
Non-maleficence requires that one do no harm. It requires that health care professionals act according to the standards of due care , always seeking to produce the least amount of harm possible. Providing privacy when delivering care demonstrates the client's right to privacy. Allowing clients to be active participants in their care refers to the ethical principle of the right to autonomy. Referring a client to a physical therapist demonstrates the nursing role of referral agent.
What is ethical decision making?
Ethical decision making is defined as an orderly process that considers ethical principles, client values, and professional obligations. Moral distress is an uncomfortable state of self when one is unable to act ethically. Values are beliefs about the worth or importance of what is right or esteemed. A code of ethics is a moral standard that delineates a profession's values, goals, and obligations.
What is non-maleficence in the context of distribution?
Non-maleficence refers to doing no harm. Respect for autonomy requires that individuals be permitted to choose those actions and goals that fulfill their life plans unless those choices result in harm to another. Beneficence requires that we do good. Distributive justice requires that there be a fair distribution of the benefits and burdens in society based on the needs and contributions of its members.
Why is Callahan's perspective important?
Callahan offered perspectives on judging diversity and suggests a thoughtful tolerance and some degree of moral persuasion (not coercion) for ethnic groups to alter values so that they are more in keeping with what is normative in American culture. Providing care to different cultural groups should not produce an ethnicity conflict. Individual alignment with cultural norms would make it less likely that an ethnicity conflict would occur. Ethnic groups using the health care system will not cause it to be overburdened or result in an ethnicity conflict.
Is nursing a call to service?
a. Nursing is a call to service, and the moral character of persons entering nursing is important.
How does Rawls justify inequalities?
Rawls acknowledges that inequities are inevitable in society, but he tries to justify them by establishing a system in which everyone benefits, especially the least advantaged. This is an attempt to address the inequalities that result from birth, natural endowments, and historic circumstances. The other choices relate to libertarianism.
What is public health nursing?
Public health nurses practice in partnership with each other at the local, state, and federal levels and with other public health staff, other governmental agencies and the community to safeguard the public's health and to improve the community's health status.
What is feminist theory?
Feminist theory ascribes to the idea that women's thinking and moral experiences are important and should be considered.
What does Callahan suggest about diversity?
Callahan offered perspectives on judging diversity and suggests a thoughtful tolerance and some degree of moral persuasion (not coercion) for ethnic groups to alter values so that they are more in keeping with what is normative in American culture.
What is ethical decision making?
Ethical decision making is defined as an orderly process that considers ethical principles, client values, and professional obligations.
Is nursing a call to service?
a. Nursing is a call to service, and the moral character of persons entering nursing is important.
Do feminists include women?
a. Feminists include only women in their worldview.
What is the ethical principle of nursing?
The nurse is using an ethical principle, namely autonomy, in which each person or group can choose those actions that fulfill its values and goals. Therefore, the nurse is using principlismthat is, basic principles are the basis of the nurses actions.
Why does a nurse learn that a family has decided not to accept medical intervention for a health care problem?
The nurse learns that a family has decided not to accept medical intervention for a health care problem because paying for the care would drastically reduce the familys resources and ability to meet the needs of other family members. Ethically, which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?
What is the role of Principlism in deontology?
One of the rules in deontological decision making is to determine whether the proposed actions can be generalized so that all persons in similar situations are treated similarly. In the same way, principlism suggests the nurse examine the context and make the decision that can be morally justified within that context.
What is a nurse's focus?
The nurse is focusing on duty, which is a deontological approach based on the moral obligation to engage in certain actions.
What is utilitarian approach in nursing?
By focusing on the whole family, not individual members, and the consequences or outcomes for the whole family during this time of stress , the nurse is taking a utilitarian approach.
Is a nurse responsible for their own decisions?
Ethically, each nurse is responsible for his or her own decisions and cannot avoid ethical accountability by relying on obedience to a supervisor or any external rule or policy.
Can staff reach agreement on what is the right thing to do in relation to a specific patient?
The staff cannot reach an agreement on what is the right thing to do in relation to a specific patient. Which of the following approaches should the nurse use in personally deciding what is right?
Why didn't a nurse know what to do when faced with a particular ethical dilemma?
A nurse didn't know what to do when faced with a particular ethical dilemma because an option that would have a good outcome didn't seem possible. The nurse decided to talk to the agency supervisor and decide what action to take. Which of the following best describes the nurse's actions?
Why does a nurse learn that a family has declined an elective medical intervention for a health care problem?
The nurse learns that a family has declined an elective medical intervention for a health care problem because paying for the care would drastically reduce the family's resources and ability to meet the needs of other family members. Ethically, which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?
What is the principle of nursing?
The nurse is using an ethical principle, namely autonomy, in which each person or group can choose those actions that fulfill its values and goals. Therefore, the nurse is using principlism—that is, basic principles are the basis of the nurse's actions.
What is the nurse's focus?
The nurse is focusing on ethical principles —in this case, beneficence (do good for the ill family member), nonmaleficence (do no harm, even to the employer), and justice (everyone takes a turn and shares equally).
What is Gilligan's ethic?
Gilligan and Noddings are associated with the approach known as the feminine ethic, which focuses on the morality of responsibility in relationships that emphasize connection and caring as a moral imperative.
Why do health care professionals need to understand the family's cultural, psychological, social, communal, and environmental contexts?
Before any intervention can be made, the health care professionals must understand the family's cultural, psychological, social, communal, and environmental contexts, because these contexts affect the way issues are formulated and decisions are made.
Can staff reach agreement on what is the right thing to do in relation to a specific patient?
The staff cannot reach an agreement on what is the right thing to do in relation to a specific patient. Which of the following approaches should the nurse use in personally deciding what is right?
What does "ethics" mean in nursing?
4. "Ethics are specific to individual agencies, but laws are state specific.". 1."Ethics refer to ideal behavior of nurses, but laws require mandatory observance by nurses.". Ethics refers to behaviors nurses "ought" to observe. Laws refers to statutes that must be observed.
What does it mean when a nurse documents the patient's feelings without subjective interpretation?
The nurse who documents the patient's expression of feelings or wishes without subjective interpretation is demonstrating fidelity (being true) to the patient. The other options demonstrate lack of fidelity.
Why is it unethical to use a narcotic?
It is unethical because the nurse has the ethical obligation to place the patient's needs above his or her own. It is illegal to use a narcotic prescribed for another person. A student nurse is assigned to care for a patient with complex nursing care needs.
What is autonomy in medical terms?
3.autonomy. Autonomy means being free to choose. Possible patient choices include identifying goals and care measures compatible with one's culture, religion, and personal values. Leaving an unconscious patient exposed during a treatment or procedure is a violation of the ethical principle of. 1.
What are the beliefs of the Western secular belief system affecting medical ethics today?
4. nonmaleficence. 1.individual autonomy and rights. Freedom of choice (autonomy) and the ability to assert one's individual rights have become the major operative beliefs of the Western secular belief system affecting medical ethics today. These beliefs, in turn, affect the way nurses interact with patients.
What does a nurse say about postpartum?
The nurse states, "I like being part of the health care team caring for the traditional two-parent family during the postpartum period as they bond with their newborn." This statement reveals the nurse's
What does justice mean in healthcare?
Justice means treating all patients fairly according to their needs, e.g., with dignity and respect. The other principles listed in the options do not fit the scenario.
What is the theory of the nurse?
The nurse determines the theory accounts for historical events in which soldiers suffering from the stress of inadequate clothing to protect them from the cold and lack of correspondence from home had an increased mortality related to gunshot wounds.
What does a nurse believe?
A nurse believes that humans use creativity and critical thinking to balance their connections with their surroundings. The nurse decides to conduct a study on the basis of this belief. Which nursing theory would be best for this study?
What is a nurse making a proposition concerning the constructs of nursing practice?
This nurse is: making a proposition concerning the constructs of nursing practice. A group of nurses are interested in the how to improve teaching effectiveness for patients who have a hearing impairment and lack family involvement while hospitalized. They believe "hearing loss decreases the teaching effectiveness while hospitalized.".
What is Nightingale's theory of practice?
Nightingale's theory of practice. A community health nurse has been visiting a postpartum client who suffered domestic violence throughout the pregnancy, and now the infant may be at risk. The nurse assisted the client in finding shelter and legal protection. The nurse's role and the conceptual framework involved are:
What is inclusiveness in nursing?
This nurse is: making a proposition concerning the constructs of nursing practice.
What is Madeleine Leininger's theory?
Madeleine Leininger's nursing theory. When reading Peplau's theory, a nurse was unable to determine the relationships among concepts. The nurse listed each concept and drew lines denoting relationships to be able to understand the effect of each element. The nurse created a:
How does a nurse researcher determine whether findings are substantial?
A nurse researcher determines whether findings are substantial by calculating the level of significance. Which aspect of the scientific inquiry is being conducted?