Type 1 diabetics
Diabetes
A metabolic disorder in which the body has high sugar levels for prolonged periods of time.
Full Answer
What causes Type 1 diabetes and how is it treated?
It’s not known what causes type 1 diabetes, but it’s not caused by a person’s diet or lifestyle. It is an autoimmune disorder, in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks cells in the pancreas. Treatment of type 1 diabetes usually involves a combination of insulin therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes.
Are alternative therapies effective for diabetes?
Alternative therapies with antihyperglycemic effects are increasingly sought by patient with diabetes. This comes as no surprise sinic alternative treatments have been most widely used in chronic disease, which may be only partially alleviated by conventional treatment.
Are insulin injections a thing of the past for Type 1 diabetes?
For type 1 diabetes, insulin has long been the essential treatment method. Blood glucose monitoring, frequent insulin injections, even insulin pumps are used to help diabetics control their glucose levels and avoid dangerous spikes and dips in their blood sugar. But for some, being captive to the use of insulin may soon be a thing of the past.
Can a pancreas transplant help manage Type 1 diabetes?
In cases where type 1 diabetes has damaged the patient’s kidneys, a pancreas transplant may be combined with a kidney transplant. Along with insulin and medication, living a healthy lifestyle can help you manage type 1 diabetes and keep your blood sugar levels under control.
Why can't they cure type 1 diabetes?
In type 1 diabetes, insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the immune system. This means you can't make the insulin you need to live. To stop type 1 diabetes we need to disrupt the immune system's attack on beta cells. And our scientists are working on it.
Can type 1 diabetes be treated naturally?
Among them, type 1 diabetes, also named autoimmune diabetes, afflicts 10 million people worldwide. This disease is caused by autoimmunity-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia and complications. Currently, there is no cure for type 1 diabetes.
What is the most effective management for a Type 1 diabetic?
Intensive insulin therapy using a basal-bolus approach, whether as multiple daily injections or pump therapy, is considered the best treatment for individuals with type 1 diabetes regardless of age (16,17,19).
Why might the treatment for type 1 and type 2 diabetes be different?
People with type 1 diabetes don't produce insulin. You can think of it as not having a key. People with type 2 diabetes don't respond to insulin as well as they should and later in the disease often don't make enough insulin. You can think of it as having a broken key.
Can type 1 diabetes be managed without insulin?
For people with “traditional” T1D, particularly those diagnosed in childhood or adolescence, to survive without insulin, “they would need to stay on carbohydrate restriction and stay very hydrated,” Kaufman says. But their survival rate is “multiple days, to a few weeks, getting sicker and weaker as time goes on.
Can type 1 diabetes reverse itself?
It usually comes on in adulthood. Eventually, they may stop producing it altogether. However, type 1 diabetes can not be reversed, while symptoms of type 2 diabetes may be ameliorated with lifestyle changes in some cases, if they are made early enough in the progression of the disease.
What is an advantage seen with intensive therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes?
The main advantage of intensive insulin therapy is that it reduces the rate of diabetes complications, in the long run. Furthermore, it offers flexibility as the doses can be adjusted according to the activity and food consumed.
How can type 1 diabetes be improved?
TreatmentTaking insulin.Carbohydrate, fat and protein counting.Frequent blood sugar monitoring.Eating healthy foods.Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight.
What is the impact of type 1 diabetes on health care resources?
Diabetes contributes $237 billion in direct medical costs per year or 7% of the nation's $3.3 trillion spent on health care, which is higher than the annual health care expenditures for other chronic diseases, such as cancer (5%) and heart disease/stroke (4%).
What's the difference between type 1 and 2 diabetes NHS?
type 1 diabetes – where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin. type 2 diabetes – where the body does not produce enough insulin, or the body's cells do not react to insulin.
What is the key difference between type 1 and 2 diabetes?
The main difference between the type 1 and type 2 diabetes is that type 1 diabetes is a genetic condition that often shows up early in life, and type 2 is mainly lifestyle-related and develops over time. With type 1 diabetes, your immune system is attacking and destroying the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas.
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes Brainly?
Type 1 diabetes: The pancreas produces no insulin. Type 2 diabetes: The pancreas doesn't make enough insulin, or your body can't use it effectively.
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in the endocrine system. This dreadful disease is found in all parts of the world and becoming a serious threat of mankind health. There are lots of chemical agents available to control and to treat diabetic patients, but total recovery from diabetes has not been reported up to this date.
Pathophysiology and Complication
Diabetes is known to have a strong genetic component with contributing environmental determinants. Although the disease is heterogynous, there appear to be a fairly consistent phenotype once the disease is fully manifested.
Conventional Therapy
The general consensus on treatment of type 2 diabetes is that life style management at the forefront of therapy options. In addition to exercise, weight control and medical nutrition therapy, oral glucose lowering drugs, and injections of insulin are the conventional therapies.
Pharmacological Treatment and Limitations
Oral glucose lowering drugs: Five classes of oral agents are approved for the treatment of diabetes. Oral therapy is indicated in any patients in whom diet and exercise fail to achieve acceptable glycemic control. Although initial response may be good, oral hypoglycemic drugs may lose their effectiveness in a significant percentage of patients.
Need and Scope of Alternative Medicine
Regardless of the type of diabetes, patients are required to control their blood glucose with medication and/or by adhering to an exercise program and a dietary plan. Due to modernization of lifestyle type 2 diabetes mellitus is becoming a major health problem in developing countries.
Alternative Approach
Complementary and alternative therapy is treatments that are neither widely taught in medical schools nor widely practiced in hospitals. The use of CAM in the worldwide is increasing. In 1997, 42% Americans had used an alternative medical therapy.
Physical Intervention
Yoga is an old, traditional, Indian psychological, physical and spiritual exercise regimen that has been studied for several decades for its role in the management of several chronic disease including hypertension, asthma, obesity, and psychiatric illness. [ 23 – 25]
What are some alternative treatments for diabetes?
Some people with diabetes also use complementary and alternative therapies (CAM). These therapies aim to treat the body and the mind. Alternative treatments for diabetes include: herbs supplements diet exercise relaxation techniques There is little evidence whether some CAM therapies work. Supplements may be considered “all natural.” But that doesn’t mean they won’t interfere with traditional medications. In fact, there’s no legal definition of “all natural.” Most of us don’t think of diet and exercise as “alternative medicine.” But they do fall under this category. Diet and exercise are important in treating diabetes. What you eat and how active you are impacts your blood sugar level and health. Having a healthy diet and staying active have a positive impact on diabetes. Having an exercise regimen is a standard recommendation for people with diabetes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends doing resistance exercises twice per week for people without activity restrictions. Examples could be lifting free weights or using resistance bands. Those with type 2 diabetes should also aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic activity every week. The World Journal of Diabetes published a review of studies about type 2 diabetes and exercise. The review found physical activity is one of the best treatments to control type 2 diabetes. Exercise can reduce blood pressure, improve glucose tolerance, and reduce too-high blood sugar levels. The ADA makes the same recommendations for those with type 1 diabetes. But people with t Continue reading >>
How to treat type 1 diabetes?
According to research or other evidence, the following self-care steps may be helpful: What You Need To Know: Go for the chromium Under the supervision of a doctor , take 200 mcg a day of this essential trace mineral to improve glucose tolerance Fight back with fiber Under a doctor’s supervision, stabilize your blood sugar by eating fiber from whole grains, beans (legumes), vegetables, and fruit, and consider using a fiber supplement such as psyllium or guar gum Protect with alpha lipoic acid Protect against diabetic complications, such as nerve and kidney damage , by taking 600 to 1,200 mg of this supplement per day Discover EPO Help relieve pain from diabetic neuropathy by taking 4 grams of evening primrose oil supplements per day Get to know niacinamide Talk to a knowledgeable healthcare provider to determine if taking large amounts of the supplement niacinamide might prevent or limit the severity of type 1 diabetes in your family These recommendations are not comprehensive and are not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or pharmacist. Continue reading the full diabetes article for more in-depth, fully-referenced information on medicines, vitamins, herbs, and dietary and lifestyle changes that may be helpful. Dietary changes that may be helpful Eating carbohydrate-containing foods, whether high in sugar or high in starch (such as bread, potatoes, processed breakfast cereals, and rice), temporarily raises blood sugar and insulin levels. The blood sugar–raising effect of a food, called its “glycemic index,” depends on how rapidly its carbohydrate is absorbed. Many starchy foods have a glycemic index similar to table Continue reading >>
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Unlike type 2 diabetes, where the body becomes resistant to its own insulin, type 1 is characterized by the inability of the body to produce enough insulin, as the beta cells within the pancreas which are responsible for the production of insulin (and the proinsulin from which it is made) are either destroyed or seriously impaired.
Is diabetes a genetic disease?
Go to: Pathophysiology and Complication Diabetes is known to have a strong genetic component with contributing environmental determinants. Although the disease is heterogynous, there appear to be a fairly consistent ph enotype once the disease is fully manifested. Whatever the pathogenic cause the early stage of diabetes is characterized by resistance insulin, targeting tissue mainly in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipocytes. Insulin resistance in the tissue is associated with excessive glucose production by the liver and impaired glucose utilization by peripheral tissue, especially muscle. [4–6] Most of the food we eat is broken down into simply sugar called glucose. The glucose is the main source of fuel to get energy for the body. After digestion, the glucose reaches our blood stream, where it is available for body cells to utilize for energy, but insulin is needed for glucose to get into cells. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas to transport glucose from blood into different cells of the body. If the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the produced insulin does not work properly, the glucose cannot enter the body cells. So glucose stay in blood cells which makes the blood sugar level high. [7,8] Thus the body losses the main source of fuel for the energy even though the blood contain high amount of glucose. Since glucose is not metabolized, high amount of glucose circulate in blood, kidney remove extra sugar from blood and excrete it in the urine. [9] Since body does not utilize glucose, the body is under constant impression of hunger that's why in diabetes appetite increases and patient eat more frequently. With increased insulin secretion to compensate for insulin resistance, base line blood glucose level can be maintained with in the normal range Continue reading >>
Is there a cure for diabetes?
This disease is caused by autoimmunity-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia and complications. Currently, there is no cure for type 1 diabetes. Insulin injection is the only medication; however, it accompanies serious medical complications. Current strategies to cure type 1 diabetes include immunotherapy, replacement therapy, and combination therapy. Despite recent advances in anti-diabetic strategies, no strategy is clinically successful. How to cure type 1 diabetes without undesirable side effects still remains a formidable challenge in drug research and development. Plants provide an extraordinary source of natural medicines for different diseases. Moreover, secondary metabolites of plant origin serve as an invaluable chemical library for drug discovery and current medicinal chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry. Over the past 25 years, 50% of prescription drugs have been developed from natural products and their derivatives. In this article, we review more than 20 plant compounds and extracts reported in the literature to prevent and treat type-1 diabetes. Emphasis is placed on their chemistry and biology in terms of regulation of immune cells and pancreatic β-cells. We summarize recent progress in understanding the biological actions, mechanisms and therapeutic potential of the compounds and extracts of plant origin in type 1 diabetes. New views on phytocompound-based strategies for prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes are also discussed. Continue reading >>
Can herbs help with diabetes?
Tweet Many common herbs and spices are claimed to have blood sugar lowering properties that make them useful for people with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes. A number of clinical studies have been carried out in recent years that show potential links between herbal therapies and improved blood glucose control, which has led to an increase in people with diabetes using these more 'natural' ingredients to help manage their condition. What herbal therapies are available? Plant-based therapies that have been shown in some studies to have anti-diabetic properties include: While such therapies are commonly used in ayurvedic and oriental medicine for treating serious conditions such as diabetes, many health experts in the west remain sceptical about their reported medical benefits. In fact, because certain herbs, vitamins and supplements may interact with diabetes medications (including insulin) and increase their hypoglycemic effects, it is often argued that use of natural therapies could reduce blood sugars to dangerously low levels and raise the risk of other diabetes complications. Whatever your intended reasons for using these specific herbs, you must always discuss your plans with your doctor and diabetes healthcare team first to ensure they are safe for your condition and determine a suitable dose. Further herbal therapies The herbs and plant derivatives listed below have been employed traditionally by native people in the treatment of diabetes, in the areas in which they grow. Many suffer from an inadequate knowledge base. Allium Allium sativum is more commonly known as garlic, and is thought to offer antioxidant properties and micro-circulatory effects. Although few studies have directly linked allium with insulin and blood glucose levels, results have been positiv Continue reading >>
Overview
With type 1 diabetes, your pancreas loses the ability to make enough insulin, a hormone that helps the body absorb blood sugar, or glucose, and convert it to energy. When this happens, the sugar builds up in your blood.
Insulin
If your body is no longer producing enough insulin, you’ll need to take insulin every day to help regulate your blood sugar. Because glucose levels can fluctuate, people with type 1 diabetes usually need to check their blood sugar throughout the day to determine how much insulin they need to take.
Metformin
Metformin is an oral medication that is often prescribed to people with type 2 diabetes to help them control their glucose levels. This medication does not increase insulin in the body. Instead, it lowers glucose production, and also helps insulin work more effectively.
Medications
Your doctor might prescribe other medications, such as blood pressure medication, cholesterol-lowering medications, or aspirin. These medications don’t treat the diabetes itself, but help reduce the risk of other health problems that can be related to diabetes, such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and kidney problems.
Artificial Pancreas
An artificial pancreas is a medical device that mimics the work of a real pancreas by monitoring your blood sugar levels and releasing insulin automatically. Instead of checking your glucose levels and injecting yourself throughout the day, you wear a sensor under your skin, a continuous glucose monitor, and an insulin pump.
Islet Cell Transplantation
Islet cell transplantation is a procedure that takes healthy insulin-producing cells from a donor pancreas, and transplants them into a person with type 1 diabetes.
Pancreas Transplant
In some cases, doctors can take a healthy transplant from a deceased donor, and transplant it into the body of someone with type 1 diabetes. While this procedure can restore the body’s natural insulin production, it’s also risky, because the medications you have to take to prevent your body from rejecting the pancreas can have serious side effects.
Why do diabetics need insulin pumps?
Blood glucose monitoring, frequent insulin injections, even insulin pumps are used to help diabetics control their glucose levels and avoid dangerous spikes and dips in their blood sugar. But for some, being captive to the use of insulin may soon be a thing of the past.
What is the name of the disease where the body attacks its own insulin producing cells?
Type 1 diabetes is a disease in which the body attacks its own insulin-producing cells, so it can no longer regulate insulin production or glucose absorption properly. "Pancreatic islets are tiny clusters of cells scattered throughout the pancreas, which produce the hormone insulin," Rickels said. "This insulin helps cells in ...
Is pancreatic islet cell translation covered by insurance?
Pancreatic islet cell translation is currently a standard of care - approved and covered by insurers – for patients with type 1 diabetes with severe hyperglycemic events in Australia, Canada, the UK, and the European Union.
Can pancreatic islet cells cause diabetes?
In the simplest terms, this means that patients who receive transplanted pancreatic islet cells may be less likely to experience the normal side effects of their diabetes, such as dangerously high or low blood glucose. And these results certainly put the procedure steps closer to FDA approval.
Do transplanted islets help with hypoglycemia?
Researchers from the multi-institutional study found that transplanted islets provide better glycemic control, improved hypoglyce mia awareness, and durable protection against severe hypoglycemic events in type 1 diabetics who have otherwise experienced significant glucose instability with other types of insulin delivery methods.
Does Erika Totten need insulin?
In fact, now seven years removed from her transplant, Erika doesn't need insulin at all. "The procedure gave me back my pre-diabetes ...
Can diabetes cause highs and lows?
Patients with this severe type 1 diabetes can experience such dangerous highs and lows that they can become disoriented, confused, and in extreme cases, some have even been pulled over for suspected drunk driving.
What are some alternative treatments for diabetes?
These therapies aim to treat the body and the mind. Alternative treatments for diabetes include: herbs. supplements.
What is the name of the plant that is used to treat sugar?
Gymnema sylvestre (gymnema) This Ayurvedic treatment involves chewing the leaves of the gymnema plant. The Hindi name for the plant is “gurmar” or “sugar destroyer.”. The plant may have blood sugar-lowering effects. But clinical studies have yet to show its effectiveness.
What foods can help with diabetes?
nuts. green, leafy vegetables. A 2011 meta-analysis of diabetes research related to magnesium found people with low magnesium levels were more likely to develop diabetes. Eating a diet rich in magnesium provides healthy foods and is risk-free.
What is the best supplement for neuropathy?
Alpha-lipoic acid. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an antioxidant found in foods like: spinach. broccoli. potatoes. ALA might reduce nerve damage related to diabetes (diabetic neuropathy). Some studies support the use of this supplement for neuropathy. There is some evidence ALA has benefits when taken intravenously.
How to control type 2 diabetes?
The review found physical activity is one of the best treatments to control type 2 diabetes. Exercise can reduce blood pressure, improve glucose tolerance, and reduce too-high blood sugar levels. The ADA makes the same recommendations for those with type 1 diabetes. But people with type 1 diabetes should be careful.
How does acupuncture help diabetes?
Acupressure involves placing pressure on strategic points in the body. It’s meant to produce similar effects to acupuncture. Massage therapy also involves applying pressure to relieve muscle tension. Massage may help to improve circulation, relieve stress, and improve joint mobility. These effects can all help a person with diabetes.
Can diabetes be treated with supplements?
There are also no definitive studies that support treating diabetes with supplements. Most support for these substances comes by word of mouth. Always speak with your doctor before you start taking any new supplements. Some supplements can interact with medications you’re taking.
What is CAM in medicine?
For those eager to explore other forms of treatment, a plethora of therapies — collectively known as Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) — may be considered. While complementary therapies are designed to be used in addition to orthodox medicine, alternative therapies tend to be used instead of conventional treatment. Advertisement.
What is acupuncture in Chinese medicine?
Acupuncture is a form of Chinese traditional medicine in which thin needles are inserted into different areas of your body. Since the practices and theories supporting acupuncture are not based on scientific knowledge, most people who employ acupuncture do so as a complementary rather than alternative treatment.
How long does it take for acupuncture to work?
Based on their findings, they would insert between four to 20 needles into your body for about 30 minutes. During this time, expect to feel relaxed and possibly sleepy. Although the thought of needles sounds painful, acupuncture is almost painless, eliciting a slight tingling sensation at most.
Does mindfulness increase blood sugar?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), increases in depression, stress and anxiety are associated with increases in blood sugar. Given the stress that can come from learning to managing diabetes, practicing mindfulness can help you power through any negative emotions that may arise.
Is it dangerous to get acupuncture?
If you receive acupuncture from a poorly trained practitioner who lacks the necessary skills and equipment, it can be dangerous , so always check credentials. In the U.S., acupuncture specialists are licensed by the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM).
Is there a one size fits all approach to diabetes?
There is no one-size-fits-all approach to diabetes treatment, which is why more people are seeking their own treatment pathways. Yet there are so many alternatives available, it can be difficult to know which one to choose. Like with traditional diabetes treatment, everyone is different, and what works for one will not necessarily work for another. Often it is a matter of trial and error. You can, however, increase your chances of an alternative therapy working by doing your research first. This will help you select the best option for you.
Glucose monitoring and sensing
In a symposium at the ADA meeting, Charles M. Peterson, Bethesda, MD, gave an overview of noninvasive glucose monitoring, stressing the need to critically evaluate the differing technologies.
Strategies for insulin use
Jay Skyler, Miami, FL, discussed the history and evolution of insulin therapy. Introduced 80 years ago by Banting and Best, initial insulin preparations were crude, but improvements in purification and duration of action continued through the decade of the 1950s.
Insulin treatment studies
Several studies presented interesting information about injection technique. Lepore et al. (285-PP) assessed intrasubject variability of NPH insulin when administered with or without resuspension by tipping the pen up and down 15 times.
Inhaled and oral insulin
Hollander (34-LB) reported on an insulin regimen involving pulmonary delivery of rapid-acting dry powder insulin, which will be marketed under the name Exubera, plus a single bedtime dose of Ultralente in 149 individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with two injections of regular and NPH insulin in 150 patients for a 6-month treatment period.
Insulin pump therapy
Differences in outcome of treatment of children with CSII were described in a number of reports. White et al. (267-OR) reported a study of 34 children under the age of 18 years with type 1 diabetes treated with usual care compared with 9 receiving CSII and 31 with multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy.
Pediatric diabetes
Stene et al. (159-OR) analyzed the 1,824 cases of type 1 diabetes before age 15 years among 1,382,602 persons born in Norway between 1974 and 1998.
Hypoglycemia
Gatcomb and Boland (551-P) studied 185 children <13 years of age with diabetes. Severe hypoglycemia occurred in 25% of patients, with 41 episodes per 100 patient-years, associated with younger age, lower HbA 1c, and shorter duration of diabetes.