why it is importnt to mimic traumatic brain injury with cell cultures treatment

The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offers huge potential for application in the treatment of TBI

. MSCs have immunosuppressive properties that reduce inflammation in injured tissue. As such, they could be used to modulate the secondary mechanisms of injury and halt the progression of the secondary insult in the brain after injury.

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Can stem cells be used to treat traumatic brain injury?

Additionally, on PubMed, we looked for studies approved by local ethics committees that evaluated the use of stem cells as a therapeutic treatment in patients with TBI. The keywords used for this research were “head injury”, “stem cells”, “clinical trial”, and “human”.

Does mild traumatic brain injury cause cell death?

Although cell death is not typically observed acutely after a single mild TBI, some studies indicated a potential for neuronal cell death through apoptosis in repeated mild TBI [91, 92].

Is cell inversion possible after traumatic brain injury with diffuse axonal injury?

The study was designed using different therapeutic interventions including MSCs transplantation, infusion of intra-thecal bioactive peptides, transcranial laser therapy, and median nerve stimulation. The aim of the study is to show the possibility of cell inversion in the case of brain death induced by TBI with diffuse axonal injury.

How many cells does it take to treat a brain injury?

The procedure consisted of administering 10 7 –10 9 cells directly into the injured area of the brain during a cranial operation followed by the administration of 10 8 –10 10 cells using intravenous infusion. This method renders this type of treatment feasible for facilities with ordinary equipment and procedures.

Why is it important to study traumatic brain injury?

All TBIs can have serious effects, which include bleeding, brain swelling, or tearing of the brain's connections. It is important for researchers to study TBI, so that they can find ways to help those with a brain injury to get better. With this common goal in mind, scientists around the world are researching TBI.

Why are traumatic brain injuries misdiagnosed?

A brain injury, also known as traumatic brain injury (TBI), is often overlooked and mis-diagnosed. One reason for this is because a brain injury it is not obvious or ugly. There is no bright red cast, no stitches, no limping or apparent bruising.

What treatment is used for traumatic brain injuries?

For all TBI grades, treatments may include:Counseling for emotional support. ... Surgery to treat bleeding in the brain (intracranial hemorrhage) or reduce pressure from brain swelling.Rehabilitation, including physical, occupational and speech therapy.Rest. ... Return to typical activities.

What form is used for traumatic brain injury evaluation?

The Glasgow Coma Scale is a clinical tool designed to assess coma and impaired consciousness and is one of the most commonly used TBI severity scoring systems. Other TBI severity-classification systems grade single indicators, such as loss of consciousness and the duration of posttraumatic amnesia.

Can TBI be misdiagnosed?

The misdiagnosis of TBI for patients can have serious implications as short-term effects of TBI include fatigue [19], memory problems, irritability, anxiety, dizziness, increased sensitivity to noise and light, as well as headache, with findings being common at 1 month postinjury and lasting up to as long as a year [20 ...

How often is TBI misdiagnosed?

It may be hard for both the patient and the healthcare provider to link those symptoms with the accident. The ultimate result: perhaps as many at 60 percent of TBIs are misdiagnosed or undetected. Any of the following symptoms should be considered as possibly TBI related: Balance problems.

What is the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury?

Pathophysiology of TBI. Damages of neuronal tissues associated with TBI fall into two categories: (i) primary injury, which is directly caused by mechanical forces during the initial insult; and (ii) secondary injury, which refers to further tissue and cellular damages following primary insult.

What happens after a traumatic brain injury?

Mild traumatic brain injury may affect your brain cells temporarily. More-serious traumatic brain injury can result in bruising, torn tissues, bleeding and other physical damage to the brain. These injuries can result in long-term complications or death.

What are the common complications of traumatic brain injuries?

The most common short-term complications associated with TBIs include cognitive impairment, difficulties with sensory processing and communication, immediate seizures, hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, vascular or cranial nerve injuries, tinnitus, organ failure, and polytrauma.

Why neurological assessment is important for head injury?

The presence of focal neurologic findings or mental status changes is predictive of complications following trauma. A neurologic examination helps to localize and lateralize lesions due to traumatic head or spine injury.

How does the brain recover from a TBI?

3 Things to Do to Allow Your Brain to Recover More Quickly After Brain InjuryAllowing the brain to heal after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a very important thing a survivor can do. ... Rest lets the brain heal. ... Exercise nourishes the brain. ... Too much screen time delays recovery. ... Allowing time to heal.

How do you stimulate your brain after an injury?

The following are some unconventional ways to stimulate your brain and boost your short-term memory after TBI:Use Association. One of the best ways to improve your short-term memory after brain injury is to use association. ... Use Vivid Images. ... Space Your Repetition. ... Listen to Music. ... Write it Down.

Can TBI be missed on MRI?

About 80 percent of TBIs cannot be seen on an MRI or CT scan. The only other way to discover a TBI used to be neuropsychological or psychological testing - a fancy way of saying doctors ask patients questions or give them tasks to complete.

How many concussions are misdiagnosed?

Approximately 16% of head injuries that met the World Health Organization's concussion criteria did not result in a concussion diagnosis.

Can brain damage be missed?

A minor traumatic brain injury can also be missed because people tend to forget, or minimize, the significance of minor car accidents, sports accidents, or falls that did not cause physical damage, loss of consciousness, or hospitalization.

How to save money on stem cell therapy for TBI?

In order to save money, try to find a clinical trial that you qualify for. To find a clinical trial near you, go to the clinical trials website and type in “traumatic brain injury” under the conditions or disease bar.

Why do stem cells help the brain?

That’s because stem cells can, with the right conditions, help the brain replace the neurons that were destroyed. Therefore, this therapy can potentially help brain injury patients regenerate the damaged parts of their brain and recover function.

What is the difference between stem cell therapy and neuroplasticity?

Neuroplasticity, which allows the brain to establish new neural pathways, is like building a detour to help cars get around the broken road. Stem cell therapy, on the other hand, is the equivalent of rebuilding the broken bridge.

What is stem cell therapy?

Stem cell therapy is an exciting breakthrough in brain injury treatment. While most stem cell therapies for brain injury patients are still in the clinical trial phase, the results so far have been very promising.

How old are stem cells?

There are three main sources of stem cells that researchers have discovered: Embryonic stem cells. These stem cells come from embryos that are three to five days old. Adult stem cells.

What happened to Sharat's son?

“My son Sharat suffered a severe traumatic brain injury 23 years ago leaving him with Aphasia and right sided weakness from his vision,hearing to his limbs. The lockdown in June was a great challenge for him as his caregivers stopped coming, no gym workouts and no outings for a coffee.

How does neuroplasticity work?

Neuroplasticity involves reorganizing surviving brain cells. To understand how this works, imagine that the brain is a series of highways and bridges. The bridges (neurons) allow cars (nerve signals) to quickly travel where they need to go. If these bridges collapse, however, then the signals can no longer travel.