Hypochlorite
In chemistry, hypochlorite is an ion with the chemical formula ClO⁻. It combines with a number of cations to form hypochlorites, which may also be regarded as the salts of hypochlorous acid. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite.
Why is sodium hydroxide used in wastewater treatment?
Aug 26, 2019 · August 26, 2019. Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide, or NaOH) is a commonly used water treatment chemical that raises the pH of water by absorbing water and carbon dioxide. Bell Chem, your water treatment chemical supplier, keeps abundant supplies of caustic soda on hand for your treatment needs. Read below to learn how sodium hydroxide can benefit your water …
How does soda ash/sodium hydroxide injection work?
Aug 23, 2019 · This treatment method is used if water is acidic (low pH). Soda ash (sodium carbonate) and sodium hydroxide raise the pH of water to near neutral when injected into a water system. Unlike neutralizing filters, they do not cause hardness problems in treated water. Injection systems are a point-of-entry system. A corrosion-resistant chemical feed pump injects soda …
How do you add sodium hydroxide to water?
Sodium Hydroxide in Water Treatment Municipal water treatment facilities use sodium hydroxide to control water acidity and to help remove heavy metals from water. Sodium hydroxide is also used to produce sodium hypochlorite, a water disinfectant. Sodium Hydroxide in Food Production
Is sodium hydroxide safe to use in drinking water?
If that wasn’t already enough, hydrated lime slurry added in collection systems increases the operations and maintenance costs related to formation of scale and accumulated solids/sludge. In severe cases this can lead to line blockages. Caustic Soda: Caustic Soda is commonly referred to Sodium Hydroxide or NaOH.
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A: Sodium hydroxide is used in the treatment of drinking water to raise the pH of the water to a level that minimizes the corrosion. Raising the pH remains one of the most effective methods for reducing lead corrosion and minimizing lead levels in drinking water. Q: Is it safe to drink my water if sodium hydroxide is added? A: Sodium hydroxide use as a corrosion inhibitor is listed in …
How is water treated at a water plant Why are additional chemicals added?
After the water has been filtered, water treatment plants may add one or more chemical disinfectants (such as chlorine, chloramine, or chlorine dioxide) to kill any remaining parasites, bacteria, or viruses.
How is caustic used in water treatment?
Caustic soda is often used in wastewater treatment to raise the pH of water. It does this by absorbing water and carbon dioxide, and is commonly an integral component of water treatment.
What is the role of pH in wastewater treatment?
Wastewater treatment often consists of removing heavy metals and/or organic compounds from effluent streams. pH adjustment by addition of acidic/basic chemicals is an important part of any wastewater treatment system as it allows dissolved waste to be separated from water during the treatment process.Nov 13, 2020
What is added to water in the water treatment system to clean it?
Chlorination is the process of adding chlorine to drinking water to kill parasites, bacteria, and viruses.
What is sodium hydroxide used for?
Sodium hydroxide is used to produce soaps, rayon, paper, products that explode, dyes, and petroleum products. It can also be used in tasks such as processing cotton fabric, metal cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating, and electrolytic extraction.
Why is sodium hypochlorite used in water treatment?
Hypochlorite can be used to prevent algae and shellfish growth in cooling towers. In water treatment, hypochlorite is used to disinfect water. In households, hypochlorite is used frequently for the purification and disinfection of the house.
How does pH increase in wastewater?
Common chemicals used to increase alkalinity and pH include: Calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide (as lime slurry) Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) Sodium carbonate (soda ash) or sodium bicarbonate.
Why is pH of water important?
The importance of water pH is to keep your body in balance and to regulate metabolic processes. A diet high in acidity will lead to weight gain, slower immune response, and susceptibility to disease, while a diet too alkaline will lead to inability to metabolize key nutrients.Feb 8, 2016
What causes high pH in wastewater?
Causes of High pH Levels in Water In general, chemicals, minerals, pollutants, soil or bedrock composition, and any other contaminants that interact with a water supply will create an imbalance in the water's natural pH of 7.Apr 8, 2021
Why is chlorine added to water?
Drinking water chlorination is the addition of chlorine to drinking water systems. It is the most common type of drinking water disinfection. Disinfection kills bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms that cause disease and immediate illness.Apr 4, 2019
Why is water treatment so important?
We all know that access to clean, fresh water is fundamental to our health and wellbeing, and filtering our water ensures that this is achieved. Most water filters remove harmful chemicals and bacteria, which if consumed can cause diseases and general ill-health.Dec 6, 2017
How does our water get cleaned?
Filtration - The clear water on top passes through filters composed of sand, gravel and charcoal to remove dissolved particles such as dust, parasites, bacteria, viruses and chemicals. Disinfection - Chlorine or chloramine is added to kill parasites, bacteria, viruses and germs.Apr 14, 2016
Sodium Hydroxide in Cleaning & Disinfectant Products
Sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture soaps and a variety of detergents used in homes and commercial applications. Chlorine bleach is produced by...
Sodium Hydroxide in Pharmaceuticals & Medicine
Sodium hydroxide is used to help manufacture a variety of medicines and pharmaceutical products, from common pain relievers like aspirin, to antico...
Sodium Hydroxide in Energy
In the energy sector, sodium hydroxide is used in fuel cell production. Fuel cells work like batteries to cleanly and efficiently produce electrici...
Sodium Hydroxide in Water Treatment
Municipal water treatment facilities use sodium hydroxide to control water acidity and to help remove heavy metals from water. Sodium hydroxide is...
Sodium Hydroxide in Food Production
Sodium hydroxide is used in several food processing applications, such as curing foods like olives or helping to brown Bavarian-style pretzels, giv...
Sodium Hydroxide in Wood & Paper Products
In many paper making processes, wood is treated with a solution containing sodium sulfide and sodium hydroxide. This helps dissolve most of the unw...
Sodium Hydroxide in Aluminum Ore Processing
Sodium hydroxide is used to extract alumina from naturally occurring minerals. Alumina is used to make aluminum and a variety of products including...
Sodium Hydroxide in Other Industrial Manufacturing Uses
Sodium hydroxide is used in many other industrial and manufacturing processes. It is used to manufacture rayon, spandex, explosives, epoxy resins,...
How does soda ash work?
How soda ash/sodium hydroxide injection works. This treatment method is used if water is acidic (low pH). Soda ash (sodium carbonate) and sodium hydroxide raise the pH of water to near neutral when injected into a water system. Unlike neutralizing filters, they do not cause hardness problems in treated water.
How does a neutralizing filter work?
How neutralizing filters work. A neutralizing filter is used if drinking water is acidic (low pH). It is a simple treatment device that raises the pH of water by adding a neutralizing material. However, it should be noted that the neutralization process may increase water hardness.
What are the drawbacks of neutralizing filters?
The biggest drawback to neutralizing filters is that they may increase or cause water hardness if calcium and magnesium are used in the filter. If hard water becomes a nuisance, the neutralizing filter should be followed by a water softener.
What does acid injection do to water?
Acid injection treats water with a high pH by lowering the pH of water to around 7, which eliminates the soda taste and can improve the effectiveness of chlorination. This method also reduces the potential of pipe corrosion as water with a pH above 9 can corrode metals such as brass, copper, zinc, aluminum and iron.
What happens if you drink water with a pH of 7?
Water with a value greater than 7 indicates alkalinity and tends to affect the taste of the water. Alkaline drinking water may take on a “soda” taste. Corrosion problems also can occur in plumbing.
What acid is used to lower pH?
Citric acid and alum can be used instead, although they are more expensive. Weak solutions of hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid also lower pH but these are more hazardous and require special handling. They are recommended, however, if the pH of untreated water is 11 or higher.
What is the difference between calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide?
Calcium carbonate treats water with a pH greater than 6 and synthetic magnesium oxide will treat water with a pH below 6. Untreated water flows through the filter, which is filled with calcium carbonate (limestone) or a synthetic magnesium oxide medium. This material dissolves in the water and raises its pH level.
What is NaOH in chemical?
Sodium Hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as caustic soda or lye, is a highly versatile substance used in a variety of manufacturing processes. Sodium hydroxide is a co-product of chlorine production. Uses & Benefits. Safety Information.
What is the solution in paper?
Sodium Hydroxide in Wood & Paper Products. In many paper making processes, wood is treated with a solution containing sodium sulfide and sodium hydroxide. This helps dissolve most of the unwanted material in the wood, leaving relatively pure cellulose, which forms the basis of paper.
What is sodium hydroxide used for?
Sodium hydroxide is used in several food processing applications, such as curing foods like olives or helping to brown Bavarian-style pretzels, giving them their characteristic crunch. Sodium hydroxide is used to remove skins from tomatoes, potatoes and other fruits and vegetables for canning ...
What is the purpose of sodium hydroxide in fuel cells?
Sodium Hydroxide in Energy. In the energy sector, sodium hydroxide is used in fuel cell production. Fuel cells work like batterie s to cleanly and efficiently produce electricity for a range of applications , including transportation; materials handling; and stationary, portable and emergency backup power applications.
What is the FDA level for sodium hydroxide?
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows sodium hydroxide as a food additive at levels lower than 1 percent.
What is alumina used for?
Alumina is used to make aluminum and a variety of products including foil, cans, kitchen utensils, beer kegs and airplane parts. In building and construction, aluminum is used in materials that enable building facades and window frames.
What is a sandpaper used for?
It is used to manufacture rayon, spandex, explosives, epoxy resins, paints, glass and ceramics. It is also used in the textile industry to make dyes, process cotton fabric and in laundering and bleaching, as well as in metal cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating and electrolytic extracting. Uses & Benefits.
What is hydrated lime?
A very common product, also known as hydrated lime or CaO quicklime, lime can be ‘slurry-ized’ through the addition of water to dry lime powder. This slurry can be used to treat wastewater to increase pH and alkalinity and is commonly used in potable water to “soften,” or remove hardness minerals, such as calcium and magnesium from drinking water.
What is the purpose of magnesium hydroxide?
Magnesium Hydroxide: Magnesium Hydroxide is also referred to as milk of magnesia and the main function of the product is to neutralize the acids and stabilize alkalinity. Magnesium Hydroxide is generally worry free for alkalinity adjustments due to its self-buffering nature.
Does magnesium hydroxide dewater cake?
Moreover, because magnesium hydroxide supplies a lightweight, divalent cation, unlike the monovalent sodium in caustic and heavier calcium in lime, magnesium hydroxide helps to generate a denser, more easily dewatered sludge, with a higher percentage of cake solids – reducing waste disposal costs.
Is magnesium hydroxide good for microbial wastewater?
So, comparing magnesium hydroxide, caustic soda, and lime slurry, while all can supply the required benefits, the whole treatment process should be reviewed and determine the best overall solution based on some of the side effects for each. Magnesium hydroxide can be difficult to store when not done properly but can supply significantly more alkalinity in a bio-available form to a microbial wastewater system without advers ely affecting pH . This creates a more suitable environment for bioremediation of BOD and nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. Moreover, because magnesium hydroxide supplies a lightweight, divalent cation, unlike the monovalent sodium in caustic and heavier calcium in lime, magnesium hydroxide helps to generate a denser, more easily dewatered sludge, with a higher percentage of cake solids – reducing waste disposal costs.
Is sodium hydroxide a caustic soda?
Caustic Soda is commonly referred to Sodium Hydroxide or NaOH. Surprisingly, it can be commonly found in the home but in the industrial sense, it is mainly used for alkaline neutralization. Caustic Soda is found in all kinds of concentrations and is a common, popular way to neutralize and tame all kinds of acids. It is also considered easy to introduce to the system due to its solubility. However, at high concentrations, it is extremely hazardous to handle and several precautious must be in place to safely use in the treatment process. These would include enhanced PPE (personal protective equipment) and immediately accessible wash stations at a minimum.
Is magnesium hydroxide safe?
Magnesium Hydroxide will only solubilize and generate a pH up to around 8.5, rendering this chemical safe to use because the likelihood of burning out (pH above 9) the biological activity is nearly impossible. Magnesium Hydroxide does have some drawbacks.
What is the function of polymer in wastewater treatment?
The function of polymer is to coagulate any solids dirts and work in diluted water in order to free these materials from suspension. In order to use polymer in wastewater treatment, people need to dilute polymer with water with a concentration around 0,5 percent.
What is polyaluminum choride?
Polyaluminum choride is a chemical belongs to chloride class. The common function of polyaluminum cloride is as coagulant in waste management as well as water purification. Moreover, it also helps reduce chemical sludge, higher ph and clearer water.
What is the most important element in water purification?
Also read: Harmful Effects of Oxidizing Chemicals for Environmental Health. Sodium Aluminate. The next chemical used in wastewater treatment plant is sodium aluminate. Sodium aluminate is a chemical belongs to inorganic compound.
What is the first chemical in wastewater treatment?
Aluminum Sulfate. The first chemical in wastewater treatment plant is aluminum sulfate. Aluminum sulfate in wastewater plant acts as purifier of the wastewater. The chemical itself is soluble and easily reacts to the chemicals in wastewater. As a result, it produces protein antigens that break insoluble and hazardous chemicals.
What is wastewater treatment plant?
Wastewater treatment plant itself is a process of removing waste and dirts. This also works as a system to offer soluble and environmentally result of industrial waste. The contaminants in the sewage are removed and in turn produced safer wastewater for the environment. In order to do so, this treatment needs some chemicals as listed in the list ...
What can lower the pH in water?
If the ph is higher, people can use hydrochloric acid as one of the compounds to lower the ph in water.
What chemicals lower pH?
While some chemicals work to elevate ph level, there are also chemicals to lower it. One of them is hydrochloric acid. While the chemical has many uses in industry, it also works for wastewater treatment. Its function is to lower the ph of the wastewater.