What kind of cancer can paclitaxel be used for?
Paclitaxel is used to treat people with primary breast cancer (cancer that has not spread beyond the breast or the lymph nodes under the arm) in combination with other drugs. It might also be given as part of a clinical trial for primary breast cancer. Before surgery. Paclitaxel can be given before surgery to shrink a larger breast cancer.
What are the treatment options for paclitaxel (Paxil)?
Overall, paclitaxel extravasation induced only mild soft tissue reaction and cooling should be considered standard treatment.
What is the difference between paclitaxel and chemotherapy?
Mar 17, 2016 · If the above mentioned results are confirmed in a prospective randomized trial, weekly paclitaxel treatment (80 mg/m 2) may be considered a legitimate treatment option, particularly for frail patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who failed platinum-based chemotherapy.
Where can I find FDA label information for paclitaxel?
Jan 11, 2022 · NRG Oncology Trial Data Concludes Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Should be Considered the Standard of Care as First-line Treatment for Women with Uterine Carcinosarcoma NRG Oncology Trial Data Concludes Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Should be Considered the Standard of Care as First-line Treatment for Women with Uterine Carcinosarcoma January 11 …
Which cancer treatment would paclitaxel be considered?
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy drug. It is a treatment for many different types of cancer.
What is the classification of paclitaxel?
Drug Type: Paclitaxel is an anti-cancer ("antineoplastic" or "cytotoxic") chemotherapy drug. Paclitaxel is classified as a "plant alkaloid," a "taxane" and an "antimicrotubule agent." (For more detail, see "How Paclitaxel Works" section below).
Is paclitaxel chemotherapy or radiation?
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy drug. Chemotherapy is a treatment that destroys cancer cells using anti-cancer drugs. Paclitaxel is the non-branded name of the drug, but you may hear it called by one of its brand names such as Taxol. Some people are given a drug called nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane).
What is paclitaxel used to treat?
Paclitaxel is used to treat various types of cancer. It is a cancer chemotherapy drug that works by slowing or stopping cancer cell growth.
What is a nursing consideration when administering paclitaxel?
Paclitaxel has been shown to be safe in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Nursing care includes the administration of the drug, the assessment and management of side effects, and psychosocial support of patients receiving the drug.
What are the physical properties of paclitaxel?
3.1Computed PropertiesProperty NameProperty ValueMolecular Weight853.9XLogP32.5Hydrogen Bond Donor Count4Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count1414 more rows
Why is carboplatin and paclitaxel given together?
Taxol (paclitaxel, Paxel) must be given before carboplatin because if carboplatin is given before Taxol, it stops Taxol from having an effect on cancer cells. This is called a scheduling interaction because when Taxol is given before carboplatin, there is little interaction and both agents work as intended.Oct 12, 2021
Is paclitaxel the same as Taxol?
It is a cancer chemotherapy drug that works by slowing or stopping cancer cell growth. Paclitaxel is available under the following different brand names: Taxol.
How does carboplatin and paclitaxel work?
How does paclitaxel and carboplatin work? These chemotherapy drugs destroy quickly dividing cells, such as cancer cells.
What is carboplatin used for?
Carboplatin belongs to the group of medicines known as alkylating agents. It is used to treat cancer of the ovaries. It may also be used to treat other kinds of cancer, as determined by your doctor.Feb 1, 2022
Why is paclitaxel used in stents?
Paclitaxel is released from the balloon or stent to prevent scar tissue formation in the blood vessel that can re-obstruct the artery (restenosis).Jan 18, 2019
What is carboplatin injection used for?
Carboplatin is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat cancer of the ovaries (cancer that begins in the female reproductive organs where eggs are formed) that has spread to other parts of the body, not improved, or that has worsened after treatment with other medications or radiation therapy.
Where is paclitaxel given?
Paclitaxel is given into a vein (intravenously). This will usually be as a drip, also called an infusion, into your hand or arm. Other intravenous methods may be used depending on factors such as how easy it is for the chemotherapy team to find suitable veins, and your preferences.
How many cycles of paclitaxel for breast cancer?
For primary breast cancer three to six treatment cycles are usually given. For locally advanced and secondary breast cancer the number of cycles will vary depending on the individual. 5. Side effects of paclitaxel. Like any treatment, paclitaxel can cause side effects. Everyone reacts differently to drugs and some people have more side effects ...
How to tell if you have an infection?
Your treatment team may give you guidelines to follow for reporting signs of an infection, but generally you should contact your hospital immediately if you experience any of the following: 1 You have a high temperature (over 37.5°C) or low temperature (under 36°C), or whatever your chemotherapy team has advised 2 You suddenly feel unwell, even with a normal temperature 3 You have any symptoms of an infection, for example a sore throat, a cough, a need to pass urine frequently or feeling cold and shivery
Why is chemo given before surgery?
Or it might be given before surgery to slow down the growth of a fast-growing breast cancer and reduce the chance of it spreading to other parts of the body . When chemotherapy is given before surgery it’s called primary or neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.
What is the name of the drug that destroys cancer cells?
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy drug. Chemotherapy is a treatment that destroys cancer cells using anti-cancer drugs. Paclitaxel is the non-branded name of the drug, but you may hear it called by one of its brand names such as Taxol. Some people are given a drug called nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane).
Why do people with breast cancer have a higher risk of blood clots?
People with breast cancer have a higher risk of blood clots. Their risk is higher because of the cancer itself and some treatments for breast cancer. If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body (secondary breast cancer), this also increases the risk.
Does breast cancer cause fatigue?
Cancer-related fatigue is extreme tiredness that doesn’t go away with rest or sleep. It’s a very common side effect of breast cancer treatment and may affect you physically and emotionally.
How long does it take to relapse from TAXOL?
TAXOL is indicated for the treatment of breast cancer after failure of combination chemotherapy for metastatic disease or relapse within 6 months of adjuvant chemotherapy. Prior therapy should have included an anthracycline unless clinically contraindicated.
Is taxol cytotoxic?
Preparation and Administration Precautions. TAXOL is a cytotoxic anticancer drug and, as with other potentially toxic compounds, caution should be exercised in handling TAXOL. The use of gloves is recommended. If TAXOL solution contacts the skin, wash the skin immediately and thoroughly with soap and water.
Is taxol a first line treatment?
TAXOL, in combination with ci splatin, is indicated for the first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in patients who are not candidates for potentially curative surgery and/or radiation therapy. TAXOL is indicated for the second-line treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma. CONTRAINDICATIONS.
Can paclitaxel be administered under a physician's supervision?
TAXOL® (paclitaxel) should be administered under the supervision of a physician experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Appropriate management of complications is possible only when adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities are readily available.
What is paclitaxel used for?
Paclitaxel is a novel antimicrotubule agent that promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers and stabilizes microtubules by preventing depolymerization. This stability results in the inhibition of the normal dynamic reorganization of the microtubule network that is essential for vital interphase and mitotic cellular functions. In addition, Paclitaxel induces abnormal arrays or “bundles” of microtubules throughout the cell cycle and multiple asters of microtubules during mitosis.#N#Following intravenous administration of Paclitaxel, Paclitaxel plasma concentrations declined in a biphasic manner. The initial rapid decline represents distribution to the peripheral compartment and elimination of the drug. The later phase is due, in part, to a relatively slow efflux of Paclitaxel from the peripheral compartment.#N#Pharmacokinetic parameters of Paclitaxel following 3- and 24-hour infusions of Paclitaxel at dose levels of 135 and 175 mg/m 2 were determined in a Phase 3 randomized study in ovarian cancer patients and are summarized in the following table.#N#TABLE 1. SUMMARY OF PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS—MEAN VALUES
What is paclitaxel injection?
Paclitaxel Injection, USP is indicated as subsequent therapy for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the ovary. As first-line therapy, Paclitaxel Injection, USP is indicated in combination with cisplatin.#N#Paclitaxel Injection, USP is indicated for the adjuvant treatment of node-positive breast cancer administered sequentially to standard doxorubicin-containing combination chemotherapy. In the clinical trial, there was an overall favorable effect on disease-free and overall survival in the total population of patients with receptor-positive and receptor-negative tumors, but the benefit has been specifically demonstrated by available data (median follow-up 30 months) only in the patients with estrogen and progesterone receptor-negative tumors ( see CLINICAL STUDIES: Breast Carcinoma ).#N#Paclitaxel Injection, USP is indicated for the treatment of breast cancer after failure of combination chemotherapy for metastatic disease or relapse within 6 months of adjuvant chemotherapy. Prior therapy should have included an anthracycline unless clinically contraindicated.#N#Paclitaxel Injection, USP, in combination with cisplatin, is indicated for the first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in patients who are not candidates for potentially curative surgery and/or radiation therapy.#N#Paclitaxel Injection, USP is indicated for the second-line treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
What is the formula for paclitaxel?
Paclitaxel has the following structural formula: Paclitaxel, USP is a white to off-white powder with the molecular formula C 47 H 51 NO 14 and a molecular weight of 853.91. It is highly lipophilic, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, and melts at around 213 o to 222 o C.
Can you rechallenge paclitaxel?
All patients should be pretreated with corticosteroids, diphenhydramine, and H 2 antagonists (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). Patients who experience severe hypersensitivity reactions to Paclitaxel should not be rechallenged with the drug.
What is the metabolite of paclitaxel?
In vitro studies with human liver microsomes and tissue slices showed that Paclitaxel was metabolized primarily to 6α-hydroxyPaclitaxel by the cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2C8; and to 2 minor metabolites, 3'- p -hydroxyPaclitaxel and 6α, 3'- p -dihydroxyPaclitaxel, by CYP3A4.
Is paclitaxel contraindicated for Kaposi's sarcoma?
Paclitaxel is contraindicated in patients who have a history of hypersensitivity reactions to Paclitaxel or other drugs formulated in polyoxyl 35 castor oil.#N#Paclitaxel should not be used in patients with solid tumors who have baseline neutrophil counts of <1,500 cells/mm 3 or in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma with baseline neutrophil counts of <1,000 cells/mm 3.
Is paclitaxel carcinogenic?
The carcinogenic potential of Paclitaxel has not been studied. Paclitaxel has been shown to be clastogenic in vitro (chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes) and in vivo (micronucleus test in mice). Paclitaxel was not mutagenic in the Ames test or the CHO/HGPRT gene mutation assay.
What is taxol used for?
Besides breast cancer and ovarian cancer, Taxol can be used to treat several other types of cancer, including lung cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma , a rare type of skin cancer that affects people with AIDS. 2. The chemotherapy class taxanes includes the drug Taxotere (docetaxel) as well as Taxol. This photo contains content that some people may find ...
How long does it take to take taxol?
In some cases, Taxol is given slowly over the course of 24 hours. The amount of Taxol you are prescribed depends on many factors, including your height and weight, your general health, and the type of cancer or condition being treated.
Is taxol a fluid?
Taxol is a clear, colorless fluid that's mixed with Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil) and given by infusion —in other words, it's administered directly into a vein. It is thick and sticky, so a pump is necessary to properly infuse it. As such, you'll have to go to a hospital or clinic to receive it.
Does Taxol cause bone pain?
Most people tolerate Taxol well, especially in low doses. It does have side effects, however, which include: 3 . Bone and muscle aches ( Neulasta and Neupogen also frequently cause bone pain) There are ways to prevent some of the problems these side effects can cause.
Can you drink alcohol while taking Taxol?
Furthermore, to avoid risky interactions, you will be advised not to drink alcohol while you're being treated with Taxol, and to avoid medications that include aspirin. Most side effects of chemotherapy resolve rapidly after treatment is completed, although some long-term side effects of chemotherapy may persist.
Can you breastfeed on taxol?
Taxol can be passed through breast milk, so you will not be able to breastfeed.
Is taxol a cyclophosphamide?
Indications. Taxol is an especially versatile drug. It is used for breast cancer in the early stages as well as for metastatic breast cancer. Typically, it is given after combination Adriamycin (doxorubicin), an anthracycline, and Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide) therapy.
Preparation
- Definition from the NCI Drug Dictionary- Detailed scientific definition and other names for this drug. MedlinePlus Information on Paclitaxel - A lay language summary of important information about this drug that may include the following: 1. warnings about this drug, 2. what this drug is u…
Administration
Contraindications
- Data collected for the presence of the extractable plasticizer DEHP [di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate] show that levels increase with time and concentration when dilutions are prepared in PVC containers. Consequently, the use of plasticized PVC containers and administration sets is not recommended. TAXOL solutions should be prepared and stored in glass, polypropylene, or polyo…
Description
- TAXOL should be administered through an in-line filter with a microporous membrane not greater than 0.22 microns. Use of filter devices such as IVEX-2® filters which incorporate short inlet and outlet PVC-coated tubing has not resulted in significant leaching of DEHP.1 TAXOL administered intravenously over 3 hours at a dose of 175 mg/m2 followed by cisplatin at a dose of 75 mg/m2; …
Chemistry
- The Chemo Dispensing Pin device or similar devices with spikes should not be used with vials of TAXOL since they can cause the stopper to collapse resulting in loss of sterile integrity of the TAXOL solution. Chemo Dispensing Pin is a trademark of B. Braun Medical Incorporated1. CONTRAINDICATIONS TAXOL is contraindicated in patients who have a history of hypersensitivi…
Mechanism of action
- TAXOL (paclitaxel) Injection is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow viscous solution. It is supplied as a nonaqueous solution intended for dilution with a suitable parenteral fluid prior to intravenous infusion. TAXOL is available in 30 mg (5 mL), 100 mg (16.7 mL), and 300 mg (50 mL) multidose vials. Each mL of sterile nonpyrogenic solution contains 6 mg paclitaxel, 527 mg of purified Cre…
Pharmacology
- Paclitaxel is a white to off-white crystalline powder with the empirical formula C47H51NO14 and a molecular weight of 853.9. It is highly lipophilic, insoluble in water, and melts at around 216217° C.
Medical uses
- Paclitaxel is a novel antimicrotubule agent that promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers and stabilizes microtubules by preventing depolymerization. This stability results in the inhibition of the normal dynamic reorganization of the microtubule network that is essential for vital interphase and mitotic cellular functions. In addition, paclitaxel induces abnormal array…
Side effects
- Following intravenous administration of TAXOL, paclitaxel plasma concentrations declined in a biphasic manner. The initial rapid decline represents distribution to the peripheral compartment and elimination of the drug. The later phase is due, in part, to a relatively slow efflux of paclitaxel from the peripheral compartment.
Toxicity
- TAXOL is indicated as first-line and subsequent therapy for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the ovary. As first-line therapy, TAXOL is indicated in combination with cisplatin. TAXOL is indicated for the adjuvant treatment of node-positive breast cancer administered sequentially to standard doxorubicin-containing combination chemotherapy. In the clinical trial, there was an ov…
Treatment
Description
- TAXOL can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Administration of paclitaxel during the period of organogenesis to rabbits at doses of 3.0 mg/kg/day (about 0.2 the daily maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 basis) caused embryo- and fetotoxicity, as indicated by intrauterine mortality, increased resorptions, and increased fetal deaths. Matern…
Synthesis
- For patients with carcinoma of the ovary, the following regimens are recommended (see PACKAGE INSERT FOR CLINICAL STUDIES: Ovarian Carcinoma): 1) For previously untreated patients with carcinoma of the ovary, one of the following recommended regimens may be given every 3 weeks. In selecting the appropriate regimen, differences in toxicities should be consider…
Chemistry
- Paclitaxel Injection, USP is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow viscous solution. It is supplied as a nonaqueous solution intended for dilution with a suitable parenteral fluid prior to intravenous infusion. Paclitaxel Injection, USP is available in 30 mg (5 mL), 100 mg (16.7 mL), and 300 mg (50 mL) multidose vials. Each mL of sterile nonpyrogenic solution contains 6 mg Paclitaxel USP, 52…
Mechanism of action
- Paclitaxel, USP is a natural product with antitumor activity. Paclitaxel, USP is obtained via a semi-synthetic process from Taxus baccata. The chemical name for Paclitaxel, USP is 5β,20-Epoxy-1,2α,4,7β,10β,13α-hexahydroxytax-11-en-9-one 4,10-diacetate 2-benzoate 13-ester with (2R,3S)-N-benzoyl-3-phenylisoserine.
Pharmacology
- Paclitaxel, USP is a white to off-white crystalline powder with the molecular formula C47H51NO14 and a molecular weight of 853.9. It is highly lipophilic, insoluble in water, and melts at around 216° to 217°C.
Interactions
- Paclitaxel is a novel antimicrotubule agent that promotes the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers and stabilizes microtubules by preventing depolymerization. This stability results in the inhibition of the normal dynamic reorganization of the microtubule network that is essential for vital interphase and mitotic cellular functions. In addition, Paclitaxel induces abnormal array…
Toxicity
- Following intravenous administration of Paclitaxel Injection USP, Paclitaxel plasma concentrations declined in a biphasic manner. The initial rapid decline represents distribution to the peripheral compartment and elimination of the drug. The later phase is due, in part, to a relatively slow efflux of Paclitaxel from the peripheral compartment. Pharmacokinetic parameter…
Side effects
- In vitro studies of binding to human serum proteins, using Paclitaxel concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 50 mcg/mL, indicate that between 89 to 98% of drug is bound; the presence of cimetidine, ranitidine, dexamethasone, or diphenhydramine did not affect protein binding of Paclitaxel. Possible interactions of Paclitaxel with concomitantly administered medications have not been f…
Results
- The disposition and toxicity of Paclitaxel 3-hour infusion were evaluated in 35 patients with varying degrees of hepatic function. Relative to patients with normal bilirubin, plasma Paclitaxel exposure in patients with abnormal serum bilirubin 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN) administered 175 mg/m2 was increased, but with no apparent increase in the frequency or sever…
Adverse effects
- The safety and efficacy of Paclitaxel followed by cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and no prior chemotherapy were evaluated in 2, Phase 3 multicenter, randomized, controlled trials. In an Intergroup study led by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer involving the Scandinavian Group NOCOVA, the National Cancer Institute o…
Medical uses
- In both studies, patients treated with Paclitaxel in combination with cisplatin had significantly higher response rate, longer time to progression, and longer survival time compared with standard therapy. These differences were also significant for the subset of patients in the Intergroup study with non-optimally debulked disease, although the study was not fully powered for subset analys…
Prognosis
- The adverse event profile for patients receiving Paclitaxel in combination with cisplatin in these studies was qualitatively consistent with that seen for the pooled analysis of data from 812 patients treated with single-agent Paclitaxel in 10 clinical studies. These adverse events and adverse events from the Phase 3 first-line ovarian carcinoma studies are described in the ADVE…
Safety
- Data from 5, Phase 1 and 2 clinical studies (189 patients), a multicenter randomized Phase 3 study (407 patients), as well as an interim analysis of data from more than 300 patients enrolled in a treatment referral center program were used in support of the use of Paclitaxel in patients who have failed initial or subsequent chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma of the ovary. Two …
Scope
- The Phase 3 study had a bifactorial design and compared the efficacy and safety of Paclitaxel, administered at 2 different doses (135 or 175 mg/m2) and schedules (3- or 24-hour infusion). The overall response rate for the 407 patients was 16.2% (95% CI, 12.8 to 20.2%), with 6 complete and 60 partial responses. Duration of response, measured from the first day of treatment was 8.3 m…
Research
- The adverse event profile in this Phase 3 study was consistent with that seen for the pooled analysis of data from 812 patients treated in 10 clinical studies. These adverse events and adverse events from the Phase 3 second-line ovarian carcinoma study are described in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section in tabular (TABLES 10 and 12) and narrative form.