Hives
A skin rash with red itchy bumps as a result of allergic reactions of the body.
Full Answer
How is urticaria (hives) treated?
Feb 14, 2019 · Urticaria is a disease characterized by erythematous, edematous, itchy and transient urticarial plaques, and covering the skin and mucous membranes. Also known as hives among people. It is a very common entity. 8.8–20% of individuals in the community experience an attack of urticaria at least once in their lifetime [ 1 ].
What is the first-line medication for urticaria?
Urticaria commonly presents with intensely pruritic wheals, sometimes with edema of the subcutaneous or interstitial tissue. It has a lifetime prevalence of about 20%. Although often self-limited and benign, it can cause significant discomfort, continue for months to years, and uncommonly represent …
What does urticaria mean in medical terms?
Which treatment would best halt the urticaria associated with an allergic reaction? a. Solu-Medrol b. Oxygen c. Dopamine and albuterol d. Epinephrine and diphenhydramine
How effective are h1antihistamines for the treatment of urticaria?
Which treatment would best halt the urticaria associated with an allergic reaction? a. Solu-Medrol b. Oxygen c. Dopamine and albuterol d. Epinephrine and diphenhydramine. d. Epinephrine and diphenhydramine. The _____ system is a complicated body system responsible for combating infection. a. Immune
How long does urticaria last?
It has a lifetime prevalence of about 20%. Although often self-limited and benign, it can cause significant discomfort, continue for months to years, and uncommonly represent …. Urticaria commonly presents with intensely pruritic wheals, sometimes with edema of the subcutaneous or interstitial tissue. It has a lifetime prevalence of about 20%.
What is the first line of pharmacotherapy?
The first-line pharmacotherapy is second-generation H1 antihistamines, which can be titrated to greater than standard doses. First-generation H1 antihistamines, H2 antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists, high-potency antihistamines , and brief corticosteroid bursts may be used as adjunctive treatment.
Is urticaria idiopathic or idiopathic?
Chronic urticaria is idiopathic in 80% to 90% of cases. Only a limited nonspecific laboratory workup should be considered unless elements of the history or physical examination suggest specific underlying conditions. The mainstay of treatment is avoidance of triggers, if identified.
Is urticaria a systemic disease?
Although often self-limited and benign, it can cause significant discomfort, continue for months to years, and uncommonly represent a serious systemic disease or life-threatening ...
How to treat urticaria in adults?
Methods of treatment for urticaria are the same for adults and children. The mainstay of treatment is avoidance of identified triggers. It is also recommended that patients avoid using aspirin, alcohol, and NSAIDs, as well as avoid wearing tight clothing, because these may worsen symptoms. If trigger avoidance is impossible, no trigger is identified, or symptom relief is needed despite trigger avoidance, H 1 -antihistamines are first-line pharmacotherapy. Second-generation H 1 antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin), desloratadine (Clarinex), fexofenadine (Allegra), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and levocetirizine (Xyzal) are relatively nonsedating at standard dosages and are dosed once per day.
What medications are used to treat urticaria?
Other medications such as first-generation H 1 antihistamines, H 2 antihistamines, and leukotriene receptor antagon ists may be added to control symptoms of chronic urticaria. B. 2, 4, 9. Several studies have produced varying results, but these are generally safe medications with some evidence of benefit.
How long does it take for urticaria to go away?
Acute urticaria is typically self-limited and resolves with proper avoidance of triggers. With chronic urticaria, a prospective cohort study found that 35% of patients are symptom free within one year, with another 29% having some reduction of symptoms.
What are the mechanisms of urticaria?
Urticaria and angioedema have similar underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms: histamine and other mediators released from mast cells and basophils. If the release occurs in the dermis, it results in urticaria, whereas if the release occurs in the deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissues, it results in angioedema. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) often mediates this release, but non-IgE and nonimmunologic mast cell activation also can occur. Proteases from aeroallergens and activation of the complement system have been proposed as examples of non-IgE triggers. 5 There may be a serologic autoimmune component in a subset of patients with chronic urticaria, including antibodies to IgE and the high-affinity IgE receptor. However, the clinical significance of these autoantibodies is unclear. 4, 6 Anti-IgE antibodies can also be found in atopic dermatitis and several autoimmune diseases.
How long does urticaria last?
Urticaria that recurs within a period of less than six weeks is acute. Recurring chronic urticaria lasts longer than six weeks. Urticaria can present in persons of any age, with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 20%.
What is the first line of pharmacotherapy?
The first-line pharmacotherapy is second-generation H 1 antihistamines, which can be titrated to greater than standard doses. First-generation H 1 antihistamines, H 2 antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists, high-potency antihistamines , and brief corticosteroid bursts may be used as adjunctive treatment.
What is the prevalence of urticaria?
It has a lifetime prevalence of about 20%.