What treatments did Freud use?
Which treatment did Freud use as the basis of all psychotherapy?
How did Sigmund Freud treatment of psychological disorders?
How does psychoanalysis treat depression?
How does psychoanalysis treat anxiety?
How did Freud view mental illness?
What was Freud's greatest contribution to psychology?
One of Freud's greatest contributions to psychology was talk therapy, the notion that simply talking about our problems can help alleviate them. It was through his association with his close friend and colleague Josef Breuer that Freud became aware of a woman known in the case history as Anna O .
What did Freud believe about dreams?
Freud believed that dreams were essentially a form of wish-fulfillment. By taking unconscious thoughts, feelings, and desires and transforming them into less threatening forms, people are able to reduce the ego's anxiety. He often utilized the analysis of dreams as a starting point in his free association technique.
What is Freud's theory of psychic energy?
According to Freud psychoanalytic theory, all psychic energy is generated by the libido. Freud suggested that our mental states were influenced by two competing forces: cathexis and anticathexis . Cathexis was described as an investment of mental energy in a person, an idea or an object.
What is Freud's dream?
Freud believed the content of dreams could be broken down into two different types. The manifest content of a dream included all of the actual content of the dream— the events, images, and thoughts contained within the dream. The manifest content is essentially what the dreamer remembers upon waking.
Who is Emily Swaim?
Emily is a fact checker, editor, and writer who has expertise in psychology content. Learn about our editorial process. Emily Swaim. on March 27, 2020. Library of Congress / Contributor / Getty Images. Table of Contents. View All. Table of Contents. Key Theories.
What is anticathexis in psychology?
Anticathexis involves the ego blocking the socially unacceptable needs of the id. Repressing urges and desires is one common form of anticathexis, but it involves a significant investment of energy. According to Freud's theory, there is only so much libidinal energy available.
What are the life instincts?
The life instincts are those that relate to a basic need for survival, reproduction, and pleasure. They include such things as the need for food, shelter, love, and sex. He also suggested that all humans have an unconscious wish for death, which he referred to as the death instincts.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
Sigmund Freud ( / frɔɪd / FROYD; German: [ˈziːk.mʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt]; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst.
What did Freud study?
Freud began his study of medicine at the University of Vienna in 1873. He took almost nine years to complete his studies, due to his interest in neurophysiological research, specifically investigation of the sexual anatomy of eels and the physiology of the fish nervous system, and because of his interest in studying philosophy with Franz Brentano. He entered private practice in neurology for financial reasons, receiving his M.D. degree in 1881 at the age of 25. Amongst his principal concerns in the 1880s was the anatomy of the brain, specifically the medulla oblongata. He intervened in the important debates about aphasia with his monograph of 1891, Zur Auffassung der Aphasien, in which he coined the term agnosia and counselled against a too locationist view of the explanation of neurological deficits. Like his contemporary Eugen Bleuler, he emphasized brain function rather than brain structure.
Where was Freud born?
Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire. He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902.
What is Freud's theory of libido?
Freud postulated the existence of libido, sexualised energy with which mental processes and structures are invested and which generates erotic attachments, and a death drive, the source of compulsive repetition, hate, aggression, and neurotic guilt.
Who was Freud's mother?
He and Freud's mother, Amalia Nathansohn, who was 20 years younger and his third wife, were married by Rabbi Isaac Noah Mannheimer on 29 July 1855. They were struggling financially and living in a rented room, in a locksmith's house at Schlossergasse 117 when their son Sigmund was born.
When did Freud start using hypnosis?
Once he had set up in private practice back in Vienna in 1886 , Freud began using hypnosis in his clinical work. He adopted the approach of his friend and collaborator, Josef Breuer, in a type of hypnosis that was different from the French methods he had studied, in that it did not use suggestion.
When did Freud publish his interpretation of dreams?
In 1899 he published The Interpretation of Dreams in which, following a critical review of existing theory, Freud gives detailed interpretations of his own and his patients' dreams in terms of wish-fulfillments made subject to the repression and censorship of the "dream-work".
What is Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?
Authenticated News/Getty Images. Freud is famed for developing psychoanalysis. This therapy involves treating mental disorders by delving into a person's possible unconscious issues (e.g., repressed fears and conflicts) through techniques like dream interpretation and free association. He came upon this notion after discussing the case of "Anna O." ...
What is the purpose of talking cure?
By employing the talking cure, or psychoanalysis, a therapist can help a patient dig into the destructive, hurtful issues in their unconscious minds, after which point they can deal with them.
Who was Freud treating?
In 1933 Freud began treating the poet H.D. (1886-1961), who came to him, she said, "to fortify and equip myself to face the war when it came." They shared a passion for archaeology and mythology. For both, Athena, the goddess of wisdom and warfare, carried special significance.
Who did Freud study with?
Freud's interest in what lay beyond conscious life and in hypnotism and hysteria led him to study with the famous neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot of the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris.
What did Freud study in Paris?
Neurology and Hypnosis. When Freud went to Paris in 1885 to study with Jean-Martin Charcot, the neurologist had already shifted his own focus from neuropathology to problems of hysteria, hypnotism, and suggestion. Charcot documented the stages of hysteria with photography.
Why did Freud use interpretation?
For Freud, interpretation was necessary to give meaning to the apparently random thoughts of free association. Freud's focus was on reading the obscure language of the unconscious, and he developed techniques of interpretation in order to do so. In the cases of patients known as Rat Man and Wolf Man, he wove together elaborate stories, explanations, and speculations to make sense out of constellations of symptoms that seemed impossibly puzzling. These case histories, written for colleagues, read like detective novels in which the analyst deciphers the significance of symptoms as if they are clues.
What did Freud think of Dora?
Ida Bauer (1882-1945), the patient Freud wrote about as "Dora," was sent to him in 1900 suffering from so-called "hysterical" symptoms: a nervous cough, depression, and unsociability. The teenager had been resisting the advances of a family friend -- the husband of a woman with whom Dora's father was having an affair. Rather than interpreting what these hysterical symptoms meant to Dora, Freud insisted that they must have the significance that his theory of the sexual roots of hysteria required. Dora rejected Freud and his ideas and left the treatment.
Where did Freud give his lectures?
In the winter terms of 1915-1916 and 1916-1917, Freud gave lectures on psychoanalysis to general audiences of men and women at the University of Vienna.
What was Freud's main goal in his lecture on transference?
The goal of treatment was to make the patient aware of this repetition, bringing to consciousness what had been unconscious.
Where did Freud study medicine?
After studying medicine at the University of Vienna, Freud worked and gained respect as a physician. Through his work with respected French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot, Freud became fascinated with ...
What are Freud's ideas?
In addition to his influence on psychology, Freud's ideas have permeated popular culture and concepts such as Freudian slips, the unconscious, wish fulfillment, and the ego are even commonly used in everyday language.
What is Freud's influence on psychology?
Psychoanalysis became a dominating school of thought during the early years of psychology and remains quite influential today. In addition to his influence on psychology, Freud's ideas have permeated popular culture and concepts such as Freudian slips, the unconscious, wish fulfillment, and the ego are even commonly used in everyday language.
Where did Freud live?
Freud's Life and Career. When he was young, Sigmund Freud’s family moved from Frieberg, Moravia, to Vienna, where he would spend most of his life. His parents taught him at home before entering him in Spurling Gymnasium, where he was first in his class and graduated summa cum laude . After studying medicine at the University of Vienna, ...
Who is the founder of psychoanalysis?
Biographies. Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist who is perhaps most known as the founder of psychoanalysis. Freud developed a set of therapeutic techniques centered on talk therapy that involved the use of strategies such as transference, free association, and dream interpretation.
Who was the most influential psychologist of the 20th century?
In a review of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century, Sigmund Freud was ranked at number three (behind B.F. Skinner and Jean Piaget ). 4.
Who is Kendra Cherry?
Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Emily is a fact checker, editor, and writer who has expertise in psychology content. Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist who is perhaps most known as the founder ...
What did Freud study?
In point of fact, Freud was a medical doctor whose specialty was neurology. He was fascinated by work in the laboratory where he studied the nervous system and drew incredibly complex diagrams of neurons in the brain.
What did Freud discover about mental health?
One of Freud's major contributions to mental health was the discovery that patient improve when they talk to a therapist. He developed a particular technique for talking that was part of psychoanalysis named free association. Today, many people misunderstand free association to be an opportunity for the patient to meander aimlessly during a psychoanalytic session while the therapist sits back and relaxes. In actuality, Freud used interpretations of what the patient was saying to help him recover forgotten memories that he believed were at the root of the psychiatric symptoms being experienced. Freud, the exacting and precise scientist was not about sitting back relaxed while patients filled the hour talking aimlessly.
Was Freud a psychologist?
That context is the fact that Freud was not a psychologist, social worker or psychiatrist. In point of fact, Freud was a medical doctor whose specialty was neurology. He was fascinated by work in the laboratory where he studied the nervous system and drew incredibly complex diagrams of neurons in the brain. He studied anesthesia and was well on the ...
What did Freud discover about the trauma of young women?
Freud and his brilliant medical colleague, Hans Breuer, examined these paralyzed and ill young women. In intensively collecting background information they discovered a common denominator in all of their lives: they had suffered severe and repeated trauma as young teenagers and adolescents. The trauma was mostly some type of sexual molestation and mostly by a member of the family. Unable to cope with their feelings of shame and guilt as well as anxiety and depression associated with those events, they repressed these traumatic events into their unconscious minds and became physically ill.
What is Freud's theory of development?
Although most professionals no longer subscribe Freud's theory of psychosexual stages of development from infancy to adulthood (oral, anal, phallic, latency and adolescent sexuality) everyone now thinks in terms of stages of development with regard to children.
Can medication cure mental illness?
Unbeknownst to many people is the fact that Freud, medical doctor/neurologist that he was, predicted that medications would one day be discovered that would cure mental suffering. At this point in time a cure for mental illnesses has not been found. However, medications are being used to alleviate conditions which were once viewed as hopeless. Bipolar Disorder is controlled with medications so that most suffers can return to work and normal family lives. The most acute illnesses, the psychoses and schizophrenias, are being treated with medications which relieve the most severe symptoms of those diseases. Those symptoms include delusional thinking and hallucinations. While the medications for the schizophrenias do not represent any kind of cure and many serious symptoms persist, most of these patients no longer have to be confined to mental hospitals for their own safety and the safety of the public. Some are even able to live with their families and work part time if they remain compliant with their medications. As medical science learns more about the brain and its billions of neurons and neurotransmitters, more effective medications will be discovered that will, one day, bring greater relief to the suffers of these acute mental illnesses.
Can schizophrenia be cured?
Those symptoms include delusional thinking and hallucinations. While the medications for the schizophrenias do not represent any kind of cure and many serious symptoms persist, most of these patients no longer have to be confined to mental hospitals for their own safety and the safety of the public.
Who developed psychoanalysis?
In this respect, it applies specific techniques or methods that we intend to present in this section. These methods were first developed by Sigmund Freud. Below is the list of these basic methods.
What is Freud's interpretation of dreams?
- Analysis/Interpretation of Dreams - By far the most important psychoanalytic technique, also called the royal road to the unconscious by Freud himself, dream interpretation is considered by him an irreplaceable means to access the unconscious. The first dream ever interpreted in Freud's style is the Irma's injection published in his ...
What is transference analysis?
Learn more... - Analysis of transference is one of the basic psychoanalytic methods. It concerns mainly the psychoanalytic cure as it deals with the unconscious feelings the patient projects upon his/her analyst. The topic is also close related to the counter-transference.
Overview
Biography
Sigmund Freud was born to Ashkenazi Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire (now Příbor, Czech Republic), the first of eight children. Both of his parents were from Galicia, a historic province straddling modern-day West Ukraine and southeast Poland. His father, Jakob Freud(1815–1896), a wool merchant, had two sons, Emanuel (1833–1914) and Phili…
Ideas
Freud began his study of medicine at the University of Vienna in 1873. He took almost nine years to complete his studies, due to his interest in neurophysiological research, specifically investigation of the sexual anatomy of eels and the physiology of the fish nervous system, and because of his interest in studying philosophy with Franz Brentano. He entered private practice in neur…
Legacy
Freud's legacy, though a highly contested area of controversy, has been assessed as "one of the strongest influences on twentieth-century thought, its impact comparable only to that of Darwinism and Marxism," with its range of influence permeating "all the fields of culture ... so far as to change our way of life and concept of man."
In popular culture
Sigmund Freud is the subject of three major films or TV series, the first of which was 1962's Freud: The Secret Passion starring Montgomery Clift as Freud, directed by John Huston from a revision of a script by an uncredited Jean-Paul Sartre. The film is focused on Freud's early life from 1885 to 1890 and combines multiple case studies of Freud into single ones, and multiple friends of his into single characters.
Works
• 1891 On Aphasia
• 1895 Studies on Hysteria (co-authored with Josef Breuer)
• 1899 The Interpretation of Dreams
• 1901 On Dreams (abridged version of The Interpretation of Dreams)
Correspondence
• Selected Letters of Sigmund Freud to Martha Bernays, Ansh Mehta and Ankit Patel (eds), CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015. ISBN 978-1-5151-3703-0
• Correspondence: Sigmund Freud, Anna Freud, Cambridge: Polity 2014. ISBN 978-0-7456-4149-2
• The Letters of Sigmund Freud and Otto Rank: Inside Psychoanalysis (eds. E.J. Lieberman and Robert Kramer). Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012.
See also
• The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud
• Sigmund Freud Archives
• Freud Museum (London)
• Sigmund Freud Museum (Vienna)