What is chemotherapy used to treat?
Jul 01, 2013 · Which statement (s) is (are) correct concerning chemotherapy treatment for cancer? a. Chemotherapy is effective against the rapidly developing cells of cancer. b. Many of the side effects of chemotherapy are due to destruction of some normal cells in the body. c. both a and b. d. neither a or b.
What do we describe in the chemotherapy index?
Which of the following statements are correct concerning treatment for lung cancer Radiation and chemotherapy are common treatments for lung cancer; lung cancer consisting of small tumors that can be surgically removed has the best prognosis
How do different chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells?
Types of Chemotherapy Drugs. Just like scalpels, lasers, and electric currents are used in surgery, the weapons used to fight cancer in chemotherapy are a host of anti-cancer drugs. How differently these drugs kill cancer cells, or prevent them from …
What is combination chemotherapy and how does it work?
The chemotherapy regimen chosen by most community oncologists is based on the type of cancer being treated. However, there are factors other than the type of cancer that can be used to determine the ideal chemotherapy drugs that should be used to treat an individual patient.
What is the goal of patient teaching?
Stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies. One of the main goals of patient teaching is to encourage the patient to comply with the treatment plan to assure recovery.
What is the function of autoantibodies?
Autoimmune responses form autoantibodies that attack autoantigens causing inflammation and tissue damage. Normal immune resonses form antibodies to invading microorganisms, antigens, not self. Once the antigens have been destroyed by the antibodies, the antibodies stay in the lymphatic system for future attacks.
What are the signs of disease?
Signs of disease. include abnormal objective findings. Predisposing factors of disease. make a person or group more vulnerable to disease. Genetic diseases may be. produced by an abnormality in or mutation of the genetic code in a single gene. Genetic diseases may be. caused by several abnormal genes.
How to break the chain of infection?
Names some of the ways medical professionals break the chain of infection. Wash their hands, sterile equipment usage, have a healthy immune system, wear PPE, cover their mouth/nose when sneezing, etc. Explain the difference between autoimmune response and normal immune response.
What are the causes of genetic diseases?
Genetic diseases may be. caused by the abnormal presence or absence of a chromosome or an alteration of the structure of chromosomes. Benign tumors. tend to remain encapsulated. Malignant tumors. tend to infiltrate other tissue. Malignant tumors. tend to bleed, ulcerate, and become infected. Malignant tumors.
Is pain subjective or individualized?
Pain is subjective, has individualized effects, and is a necessary entity in life. Osteopathy. emphasizes the body's natural process to heal and provide well-being. Pain may be described as. dull and aching, burning, or throbbing, shooting, dull, stabbing, frightening, intense, and tiring.
What are the causes of immune disorders?
included in the body's natural defense system against infection. Immune disorders are the result of a breakdown in the body's defense system that may generate. allergy. Immune disorders are the result of a breakdown in the body's defense system that may generate. autoimmune diseases.
What is the most commonly used agent in chemotherapy?
Alkylating agents were among the first anti-cancer drugs and are the most commonly used agents in chemotherapy today. Alkylating agents act directly on DNA, causing cross-linking of DNA strands, abnormal base pairing, or DNA strand breaks, thus preventing the cell from dividing.
What are the weapons used to fight cancer?
Just like scalpels, lasers, and electric currents are used in surgery, the weapons used to fight cancer in chemotherapy are a host of anti-cancer drugs. How differently these drugs kill cancer cells, or prevent them from dividing, depends on their classification. Drugs in the same class kill cancer cells by the same mechanism: they all attack ...
What are some examples of plant alkaloids?
Although they act throughout the cell cycle, some are more effective during the S- and M- phases, making these drugs cell cycle specific. Examples of plant alkaloids used in chemotherapy are actinomycin D, doxorubicin, and mitomycin.
What is the purpose of alkylating agents?
Although alkylating agents may be used for most types of cancer, they are generally of greatest value in treating slow-growing cancers.
How do antimetabolites affect the function of enzymes?
Antimetabolites replace natural substances as building blocks in DNA molecules, thereby altering the function of enzymes required for cell metabolism and protein synthesis. In other words, they mimic nutrients that the cell needs to grow, tricking the cell into consuming them, so it eventually starves to death.
What are some examples of antimetabolites?
Examples of antimetabolites include purine antagonists, pyrimidine antagonists, and folate antagonists.
What are antitumor antibiotics?
They act by binding with DNA and preventing RNA ( ribonucleic acid) synthesis, a key step in the creation of proteins, which are necessary for cell survival. They are not the same as antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections. Rather, these drugs cause the strands of genetic material that make up DNA to uncoil, thereby preventing the cell from reproducing. Doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, and bleomycin are some examples of antitumor antibiotics.
What is the treatment for stage 1 breast cancer?
Breast cancer. Most people with stage 1, 2, or 3 breast cancer undergo surgery as part of their treatment. Some people may have a mastectomy, in which a surgeon removes the breast. Others may have breast conserving surgery (BCS), which involves removing the tumor and some of the surrounding healthy tissue.
What is the treatment for bladder cancer?
Bladder cancer. Uterine cancer. Outlook. Chemotherapy is a powerful treatment that involves taking medications to damage cancerous cells. The goal is to prevent these cells from dividing and multiplying. This article outlines the use of chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of different cancers.
Why is survival rate important?
However, it is essential to remember that a range of factors influence s survival rates and chemotherapy success rates. Many of these factors vary from person to person.
How many types of lung cancer are there?
There are two types of lung cancer: small-cell and non-small cell (N-SC). Around 13% of lung cancers are small-cell. Most people with this type receive chemotherapy. Approximately 83% of lung cancers are N-SC. The remaining 3% are undefined.
What is the scale of 0-5?
They may use the following 0–5 scaling system: Stage 0: Abnormal cells are present but have not spread to nearby cells. Stages 1, 2, and 3: Cancer is present. Higher stages indicate larger tumors and a more extensive spread into nearby tissues. Stage 4: The cancer has spread to other areas of the body.
How long does bladder cancer last?
The 5-year relative survival rate for localized bladder cancer varies by the type of cancer. Around 25% of bladder cancers invade the muscle wall of the bladder. The 5-year relative survival rate is 47% for localized, muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and 81% for localized bladder cancer that is not muscle-invasive.
Where do testicular tumors start?
Around 97% of testicular cancers begin in the germ cells. These are cells that develop into sperm. Tumors that develop from germ cells are called testicular germ cell tumors. There are two types: seminomatous tumors, which tend to be slow-growing, and non-seminomatous tumors, which usually grow more rapidly.