What are the five main routes of fluid administration?
Which IV fluids for dehydration?
What IV fluid is most appropriate for a maintenance fluid for a pediatric patient?
What is subcutaneous fluid therapy?
What fluids do they give you in the hospital?
What is lactated Ringer's used for?
What is maintenance IV fluids?
What are the IV fluids used in pediatrics?
| Fluid with recommendation reference | Fluid typea | Osmolality (compared with plasma) |
|---|---|---|
| Hypotonic fluids [1.6.1, 1.7.1] | 0.45% sodium chloride with 5% glucose | Hyperosmolar |
| 0.45% sodium chloride with 2.5% glucose | Isosmolar | |
| 0.45% sodium chloride | Hyposmolar | |
| 5% glucose | Isosmolar |
When do you give maintenance fluids?
Which fluids can be given subcutaneously?
How do you do subcutaneous infusions?
- Assemble fluid and tubing. ...
- Swab the site with povidone-iodine skin preparation solution using a circular motion, beginning at the center of the site. ...
- Insert needle, bevel up, into subcutaneous tissue at a 45- to 60-degree angle.
- Secure needle and tubing with occlusive dressing.
- Adjust fluid drip rate as prescribed.
Can IV Fluids be given subcutaneously?
What is medication administration route?
A medication administration route is often classified by the location at which the drug is applied, such as oral or intravenous. The choice of routes in which the medications are applied depends not only on the convenience but also on the drug’s properties and pharmacokinetics. This activity describes medication administration routes ...
Where to take intravenous medication?
The upper extremity is usually the preferred site for intravenous medication as it has a lower incidence of thrombophlebitis and thrombosis than the lower limbs. The median basilic or cephalic veins of the arm or the metacarpal veins on the hand's dorsum are commonly used.
What is lubricant used for?
A lubricant can be utilized in rectal or vaginal administration of medication to reduce friction and discomfort. Personnel.
Where is the primary site of drug absorption?
The primary site of drug absorption is usually the small intestine , and the bioavailability of the medication is influenced by the amount of drug absorbed across the intestinal epithelium.
Which muscle is used for intramuscular medication?
An intramuscular medication route can be administered in different body muscles, including deltoid, dorsogluteal, ventrogluteal, rectus femoris, or vastus lateralis muscles.
Where are subcutaneous injections administered?
Subcutaneous injections are another form of the parental route of medication and are administered to the layer of skin referred to as cutis, just below the dermis and epidermis layers. Subcutaneous tissue has few blood vessels; therefore, the medications injected undergo absorption at a slow, sustained rate.
What is the rectal route?
A rectal route is useful for patients with gastrointestinal motility problems such as dysphagia or ileus that can interfere with delivering the drug in the intestinal tract. The rectal route is also often utilized in patients near the end-of-life undergoing hospice care. [5] Parenteral Route of Medication.
What is intravenous fluid management?
Intravenous fluid management is one of the most common in-hospital interventions. Patients may present with multiple indications for IV fluid therapy, which can evolve over the course of their illness and response to treatment. These include:#N#[2]#N#[3]
Can IV fluids be prescribed as a drug?
IV fluids should be prescribed as any other drug. The phases of IV fluid treatment and the 4 Ds can be used as guiding principles. Patients receiving IV fluids should be evaluated continuously (at least daily). The 4 Ds of fluid prescription:
What is the tonicity of a parenteral solution?
of a parenteral solution takes into account the concentration of all the solutes, including those that enter cells (e.g., dextrose). The. tonicity. of a solution is determined by the solutes that do not enter the cell and are, therefore, osmotically active (e.g., sodium, potassium).
What is the onset of action after administration of drugs through the oral route?
The onset of action after administration of drugs through the oral route typically is. Slow. Rapid. Depending on the nature of the drug, can be either slow or rapid. slow. Advantages of the oral route. Most natural, uncomplicated and convenient means of administering drugs. Requires no special training.
Is subcutaneous action slower than intramuscular?
Onset of action comparison between subcutaneous and intramuscular routes. Subcutaneous is slower than intramuscular. (more blood flow in muscle than connective tissue) Subcutaneous onset of action is comparable to that of oral administration.
What is clinical indication?
Each disease or illness often requires a specific type of drug therapy. clinical indication. Direct application of the drug to the desired site of action. (Eye, nose, skin) Local administration. Entrance of drug into the circulatory system and transport to the site of action.
What is 100% route?
100%. Route used to administer drugs that would be too irritating to give by other routes. Rapid dilution in blood. General insensitivity of venous wall to pain. intravenous route. Intravenous drugs may cause damage to the veins (phlebitis) or necrosis around the injection site.
What is the most commonly used route for drug administration?
Oral Route. The drug is administered to or by way of the mouth. 1 A drug given via this route is absorbed into the systemic circulation from the gastrointestinal tract. The oral route is the most frequently used route for drug administration.
What are the advantages of intravenous route?
Advantages of the Intravenous Route. Immediate effect (suitable for emergencies) Can be given to unconscious patients. Avoids first-pass metabolism. Achieves predictable and precise control over drug plasma levels compared to other routes.
What are some examples of factors that affect drug absorption?
Drug absorption may vary. Examples of factors affecting drug absorption are gastrointestinal motility, gastric emptying rate and the presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract. Subject to first-pass metabolism. Oral route not possible in unconscious patients. Unsuitable in patients who are vomiting.
Where is SL absorbed?
A dosage form designed for the sublingual (SL) route is administered under the tongue. The drug is absorbed from the blood vessels that lie under the tongue and enters the systemic circulation directly, thus avoiding first-pass metabolism.
Can you bring reading materials to an infusion?
Depending on the medication, it may be pre-prepared or prepared just prior to use. If the infusion is expected to take several hours in an outpatient setting, you’ll typically be offered a reclining chair . You can bring reading materials, blankets, or other items to help you feel comfortable.
What is infusion therapy?
Infusion therapy is when medication or fluids are administered through a needle or catheter. It’s a way of delivering medication that can’t be taken orally, or that need to be dispensed at a controlled pace. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at what infusion therapy is, how it works, and the types of conditions it can treat.
What is an IV infusion?
Infusion therapy is when you receive medication through a needle or catheter, usually intravenously (IV). Other types of infusion therapy include: epidural. intramuscular. subcutaneous. Some drugs can’t be taken orally because they lose their effectiveness when exposed to your digestive system.
Where does IV therapy take place?
IV infusion therapy typically takes place in a clinical setting, such as a doctor’s office, hospital, outpatient facility, or infusion center. Some types of infusion therapy can be given by healthcare providers in the home. Each IV session means new needle sticks.
Who administers IV therapy?
Whatever the setting, IV therapy is administered by nurses or other trained medical professionals. The procedure requires careful monitoring, so if the process is going to take more than a few minutes, there is usually some sort of control mechanism attached to the line to ensure proper delivery.
Why do you need an IV?
If you’ve ever spent time in a hospital, you probably had an IV to make sure you stayed hydrated and to have other medications delivered quickly, if needed. That’s a type of infusion therapy. So is an insulin pump that releases insulin just under your skin.
Can you give chemo through IV?
While some chemotherapies are given orally, many must be administered through an IV. In some cases, chemotherapy drugs are injected into the spine or to a specific part of the body. Infusion therapy allows for the delivery of chemotherapy drugs directly into your bloodstream.