Why is there so much uncertainty about the effectiveness of treatment?
a. treatment has a beneficial impact on a variety of behaviors b. 12-Step Facilitation is less effective than Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy c. methadone is an extremely effective treatment for opioid addiction d. matching typical demographic information on clients to treatment approach does not significantly impact treatment outcomes
Do we need more high-quality studies on treatment effectiveness?
Jun 03, 2021 · D. Naltrexone treatment, unlike methadone and buprenorphine, does not have high treatment drop-out rates, and should thus be the first line option for patients with a history of poor treatment adherence. 5. Which statement below is TRUE regarding naltrexone? A. Naltrexone is a partial agonist at the mu-opioid receptor.
Is there a need for tailored rather than uniform treatment approaches?
a- Practice and treatment guidelines are most effective when they address only techniques and leave therapist behaviors up to the individual practitioner. b- The therapeutic relationship makes substantial and consistent contributions to psychotherapy outcome, independent of the specific type of treatment. c- Tailoring the therapy relationship to specific patient needs should be …
Is cognitive-behavioral treatment effective in community settings?
D. Naltrexone treatment, unlike methadone and buprenorphine, does not have high treatment drop-out rates, and should thus be the first line option for patients with a history of poor treatment adherence. 5. Which statement below is TRUE regarding naltrexone? A. Naltrexone is a partial agonist at the mu-opioid receptor.
What is crime control based on?
While there is growing interest in crime control strategies that are based on scientific evidence, determining what works is not an easy task. It is not uncommon for studies of the same phenomena to produce ambiguous or even conflicting results, and there are many examples of empirical evidence misleading crime control policy and practice because shortcomings in the quality of the research were overlooked (see, for example, Sherman, 2003, and McCord, 2003). The importance of basing conclusions about what works on highly trustworthy and credible evidence cannot be overstated, and both the quality and consistency of the research evidence has to be considered.
Why are RCTs considered superior?
1 RCTs are considered superior for discovering treatment effects and inferring causality because of their capacity to create valid counterfactuals and reduce bias. Modeled on laboratory experiments, RCTs have several key features, most notably the use of random assignment. In random assignment, the researcher randomly decides which study subjects participate in treatment and which do not. The random assignment of subjects creates the optimal study conditions for comparing treated and untreated subjects and making causal inferences about the impact of the intervention.
Why is meta analysis important?
This is important because single studies based on a small number of subjects can produce distorted findings about a program's effectiveness (Lipsey, 2002).
What is random assignment?
In random assignment, the researcher randomly decides which study subjects participate in treatment and which do not. The random assignment of subjects creates the optimal study conditions for comparing treated and untreated subjects and making causal inferences about the impact of the intervention.
Can single studies be definitive?
There also is agreement in the scientific community that single studies are rarely definitive (Lipsey, 2002; Petrosino & Lavenberg, 2007; Beech et al., 2007). Individual studies with seminal findings certainly do exist, but single studies–even RCTs–can produce misleading results (Lipsey, 2002). Hence, single-study findings must be replicated before meaningful conclusions can be made, and the effectiveness of an intervention can best be understood by examining findings from many different studies (Petticrew, 2007). Researchers typically accomplish this through synthesis research, such as a systematic review. A systematic review adheres to a preestablished protocol to locate, appraise, and synthesize information from all relevant scientific studies on a particular topic (Petrosino & Lavenberg, 2007). Methodological quality considerations are a standard feature of most systematic reviews today, and studies that fail to reach a specified standard of scientific rigor are typically excluded from the analysis. 4
Does MST work for juveniles?
"Therapeutic interventions for juveniles who sexually offend can and do work. While MST has been shown to be effective, single studies and meta-analyses on other treatment approaches have also produced positive results."
Is an RCT expensive?
RCTs are expensive and require a level of organizational (and at times, community) cooperation that can be difficult to obtain. 2 In practice, various constraints can preclude an evaluator from using an RCT, and relatively few of these studies have been used in the assessment of sex offender treatment.
