How effective are examined pharmacologic agents in HIV-SN?
Which of the following is true regarding pharmacologic treatment for AIDS? a. Drugs are used to target increased red blood cell number b. Drugs are used to target increased white blood cell number c. Drugs are used to increase host DNA replication …
Which postulates have been established for the viral cause of HIV?
Nov 28, 2019 · 2.1. Protocol and Registration. Following the recommendations of the PRISMA statement for reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses, we conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis for studies examining the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments for painful HIV-sensory neuropathy [].The reviewing process …
Do non-pharmacologic interventions work for HIV-SN pain?
Dec 08, 2009 · Abstract. Over the past decade, significant advances have been made in the treatment of HIV-1 infection using both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Optimal prevention of the MTCT of HIV requires antiretroviral drugs (ARV) during pregnancy, during labor, and to the infant.
Is stable antiretroviral therapy a valid entry criterion for HIV treatment?
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (or PrEP) is medicine taken to prevent getting HIV. PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV when taken as prescribed. PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99%. PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from injection drug use by at least 74%. PrEP is less effective when not taken as prescribed.
What is HIV SN?
Among the broad spectrum of HIV infection symptoms, HIV sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) remains one of the main causes of suffering, having subsequent impact on quality of life of these patients [ 1 ]. It has been estimated that up to one-third of HIV infected individuals suffer from HIV-SN [ 2 ], with incidence varying from 13% to up to 50% [ 3, 4 ], primarily due to different diagnostic criteria [ 2, 3 ]. HIV-SN is presented as distal symmetrical axonal, sensory polyneuropathy that primarily affects the feet, but it may also affect more proximal sites as well as the hands. While some of them are manifestations of the classic distal polyneuropathy, due to direct effect of HIV infection, others are caused by neuropathy due to antiretroviral therapy (ART), especially nucleoside analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Despite the fact that the two forms of neuropathy are caused by different pathophysiologic mechanisms [ 4 ], they share common and often indistinguishable clinical characteristics.
What are the types of studies that are considered eligible for inclusion without any language or publication date restriction?
Types of studies: Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs), studying pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments for the management of painful HIV-neuropathy, were considered eligible for inclusion without any language or publication date restriction. Animal studies, reviews, letters, abstract-only trials, open-label trials, and trials that were not randomized were excluded from the study.
What are secondary efficacy outcomes?
Secondary efficacy outcomes included general improvement in clinical status, improvement in functional status, mood or sleep. Secondary safety outcomes included deaths or severe damage from the investigational intervention as well as number of discontinuation or withdrawal, possibly assigned to study intervention.
Why is condom use important?
Condom use is also important to help prevent HIV if PrEP is not taken as prescribed.
What is a pre-exposure prophylaxis?
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (or PrEP) is medicine taken to prevent getting HIV. PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV when taken as prescribed. PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99%. PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from injection drug use by at least 74%. PrEP is less effective when not taken as prescribed.
Can TB be contained in the body?
A. Tuberculosis may remain contained in the body for decades without causing disease. B. Isolation has been used in the past as a major strategy for controlling the spread of TB. C. People with AIDS are at increased risk of developing active TB.
Is rabies common in animals?
A. rabies remains common in wildlife, such as raccoons, that live near human populations in many areas of the United States. B. rabies has been controlled in domestic pets through widespread vaccination. C. despite the continued presence of rabies-infected animals in the United States, the number of cases of human rabies in ...