What are the treatment options for cervical abrasion and caries?
Bacteria biofilm control minimized the inflammatory response in most restored sites. A recent clinical study 21 evaluated the treatment of gingival recessions associated with cervical abrasions with resin-modified glass ionomer cement or microfilled resin composite combined with coronally advanced flap. After six months, the authors observed maintaince of root …
What is the best material for noncarious cervical lesion repair?
May 21, 2020 · Composite resins (CR) are the materials most used in NCCL restoration because they have favorable aesthetic and mechanical properties . In contrast, resins exhibit polymerization shrinkage and a high modulus of elasticity, causing stress due to occlusal forces [1, 7]. In the search for an alternative material to CR, studies have shown an increase in the …
How are multiple gingival recessions associated with cervical abrasions treated?
Extensive gingival recessions associated with cervical abrasions are common among the popu- lation. Several different surgical and/or restorative therapies have been proposed to …
How to restore deep cervical abrasions caused by cervical fracture?
Compomers are widely acceptable for revamp in the ephemeral dentition because of their opposition to moderate abrasion [44, 45]. In cervical restorations, compomer restorations behave more positively, as compared with resin-modified glass ionomers, but slightly more negatively than hybrid composites [46].
How is cervical abrasion treated?
In the present, the most common treatment for these injuries is restoration with composite resin. Therefore, it is also important to consider the impact of abrasion factors on this type of material in the cervical third.Apr 19, 2018
Why GIC is used for cervical abrasion?
GICs are especially effective for the treatment of non-carious cervical lesions, bonding chemically to the calcium of the tooth structure, and avoiding unnecessary removal of enamel for cavity margin beveling.
How is abfraction treated?
To treat a dental abfraction, the lesion is filled, much like a cavity. Your dentist will apply composite resin material to the affected area before shaping it and curing it with a special dental light. Finally, the tooth will be smoothed and polished to a natural-looking shine.Sep 26, 2018
What is a Compomer filling?
Compomers are actually a cross between resin-based composite and glass ionomer cement. The compomers were developed in the hope of bringing the favorable properties of resin-based composite—such as wear resistance, color stability, and polishability—to the glass ionomers.
How do I apply a GIC restoration?
The amount of tooth removal required for a GIC restoration: leaving some infected dentin and all the affected dentin in the cavity preparation. A cavity prepared for a composite resin restoration requiring removal of all infected and affected dentin to achieve a reliable adhesive base.Jan 11, 2018
What is the most likely cause of sensitivity related to a Noncarious cervical lesion?
Such exposed surfaces near the gingival crest are referred to as “NCCLs.” Hypersensitivity generally is ascribed to fluid flow in open dentin tubules exposed by lesion progression.
Does abfraction need to be treated?
While it doesn't necessarily require treatment, abfraction can lead to serious problems with your teeth and gums. If you think you might have abfraction, it's important to have your dentist make the diagnosis and monitor your oral health.May 31, 2019
How do you treat abrasion teeth?
Your dentist can repair some of the damage caused by abrasion using fillings. The dentist can apply the fillings to the grooves that form where your gum and tooth meet. The filling protects the area and keeps it free of bacteria and food particles.
What is the difference between abfraction and abrasion?
An abfraction is an angular notch at the gumline caused by bending forces applied to the tooth. An abrasion is a rounded notch at the gumline that may be visibly indestinguishable from an abfraction, although in cross-section abrasions are generally not as angular and have more of a saucered appearance.Mar 2, 2018
What is the difference between composite and Compomer?
Compomers have poorer mechanical properties than dental composites, with a lower compressive, flexural and tensile strength. Therefore, compomers are not an ideal material for load bearing restorations.
What is the difference between Giomer and Compomer?
The main difference in microstructure between the giomer and compomer materials is the presence of pre-reacted glass polyacid zones which become part of the filler in the giomer structure. It seems likely that these zones are responsible for generating the osmotic effect which leads to swelling and pressure.Dec 8, 2015
What is the purpose of a caries detection device?
Most often, caries detection devices are used for evaluating a visually suspicious area on a tooth. They can be used to evaluate enamel structure prior to sealant placement, and some early caries detection devices can also be used to check the sealant margins over time.Dec 23, 2015
What is the point of compomers?
The point of compomers is to combine the beneficial properties of glass ionomers by using composite technology. However, this objective has been only moderately achieved, owing to low fluoride release.
Do compomers have antibacterial properties?
Several studies have been carried out to evaluate the antibacterial properties of compomers, in vitro. 59–64 Many studies, however, revealed that compomers have no or limited antibacterial effect against cariogenic bacteria, in vitro, 60,62 in situ63 and in vivo. 64 The compomers mainly behave as composites rather than glass ionomer cements.65 They exhibit comparable polymerization shrinkage behaviour to composites 66 but low fluoride release. 59 The compomers are therefore not an ideal material solution to the problem of bacterial microleakage and secondary caries at the tooth restoration interface.
What are the three classes of free radical restoratives?
Currently, there are three main classes of free radical polymerizable restoratives available: (1) resin composites, which are mainly based on the methacrylate resins described above; (2) resin-modified glass ionomer cements, which are hybrids of polyacrylic acids having pendant methacrylate groups for free radical polymerization, while the carboxylic acid groups provide the means for an acid/base setting reaction with specialty ion-leachable aluminum fluorosilicate glasses; and (3) polyacid-modified composite resins based on carboxylic acid-containing methacrylates, also known as compomers. In contrast to resin composites, groups 2 and 3 contain, in addition to methacrylate or acrylate groups, carboxylic acid groups that are attached either to a backbone (group 2) or to the center core of the monomer (group 3). The acid groups are also capable of forming ionic bonds to apatitic calcium phosphate mineral and also strong hydrogen bonds to collagen, and thus promote adhesion to both enamel and dentin. Thus, acidic monomers together with other hydrophilic monomers (Figures D.4–D.6) are significant components of adhesive primers and bonding resins. In order to form durable bonds between a resin-based restorative and tooth structure it is essential to use an adhesive system that wets enamel and dentin well. Bonding to enamel is primarily achieved by micromechanical adhesion. Formation of resin tags in patent dentin tubules, but most importantly, mechanical interlocking of dentinal substrate and adhesive resins as a result of penetration of the adhesive into the intertubular dentin is believed to be responsible for durable dentin adhesion ( Nakabayashi et al., 1982 ). The most widely used monomers in adhesives and bonding resins are the highly hydrophilic 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and monomers that contain one or more carboxylic acid group, carboxylic acid anhydride or phosphoric acid groups ( Figures D.4–D.6 ). The hydrophilic monomer HEMA and the acidic monomers have solubility parameters with high polar and hydrogen bonding components, resulting in high total cohesive energy density values. It has been demonstrated that bonding will be enhanced if fractional polarity and solubility parameters match those of the conditioned bonding substrate ( Asmussen and Uno, 1993 ). Monomers with carboxylic acid groups ( Figure D.5) are usually synthesized by reacting HEMA, glyceroldimethacrylate or other hydroxylated (meth)acrylate monomers with mono- or dicarboxylic acid anhydrides ( Takeyama et al., 1978; Bowen et al., 1982; Venz and Dickens, 1993; Hammesfahr, 1997; Lopez-Suevos and Dickens, 2008 ). An adhesive monomer (4-META) with anhydride functionality is prepared from HEMA and trimellitic acid chloride ( Figure D.5 ). To achieve improved interaction of adhesive monomers and tooth substrate beta cyclodextrines with multi-methacrylate/carboxylic-acid groups have been examined ( Bowen et al., 2000; Hussain et al., 2004, 2005; Bowen et al., 2009 ). To improve the hydrolytic stability of monomer/polymer systems acrylamide/phosphonates have been proposed ( Catel et al., 2008; Yeniad et al., 2008 ).
What is calcium hydroxide used for?
Calcium hydroxide, Ca (OH) 2, has a long history of use in dentistry for pulp capping and it is available in a number of forms. These include as a supersaturated solution, a hard setting cement and also a light-curable material. Its key feature is its high alkalinity (pH 11–12.5), and this can be achieved using calcium hydroxide powder mixed with pure water to the consistency of a light paste [ 34 ]. However, used in this way, calcium hydroxide does not set, has no mechanical strength and consequently there is the danger of it being displaced by the forces involved in placing a restorative material over it [ 35]. Also in this form it cannot be used directly under any resin-based restoration (composite resins, compomers and resin-modified glass-ionomers) because it is hydrophilic and would interfere with bonding systems. To overcome this problem, calcium hydroxide formulations that are capable of undergoing some sort of setting reaction, and thus building up a degree of mechanical strength, are generally used. However, they have slightly different properties and cannot replace supersaturated calcium hydroxide solutions in all clinical situations.
Do compomers have antibacterial properties?
Several studies have been carried out to evaluate the antibacterial properties of compomers, in vitro. 59–64 Many studies, however, revealed that compomers have no or limited antibacterial effect against cariogenic bacteria, in vitro, 60,62 in situ63 and in vivo. 64 The compomers mainly behave as composites rather than glass ionomer cements. 65 They exhibit comparable polymerization shrinkage behaviour to composites 66 but low fluoride release. 59 The compomers are therefore not an ideal material solution to the problem of bacterial microleakage and secondary caries at the tooth restoration interface.
How to treat abrasions?
A first- or second-degree abrasion can usually be treated at home. To care for an abrasion: 1 Begin with washed hands. 2 Gently clean the area with cool to lukewarm water and mild soap. Remove dirt or other particles from the wound using sterilized tweezers. 3 For a mild scrape that’s not bleeding, leave the wound uncovered. 4 If the wound is bleeding, use a clean cloth or bandage, and apply gentle pressure to the area to stop any bleeding. Elevating the area can also help stop bleeding. 5 Cover a wound that bled with a thin layer of topical antibiotic ointment, like Bacitracin, or a sterile moisture barrier ointment, like Aquaphor. Cover it with a clean bandage or gauze. Gently clean the wound and change the ointment and bandage once per day. 6 Watch the area for signs of infection, like pain or redness and swelling. See your doctor if you suspect infection.
How long does it take for a third degree abrasion to stop bleeding?
Seek immediate medical care for a third-degree abrasion, however. Also see a doctor immediately if: bleeding doesn’t stop after at least five minutes of pressure. bleeding is severe, or profuse. a violent or traumatic accident caused the wound. See a doctor immediately if you suspect your wound has become infected.
What is second degree abrasion?
Second-degree abrasion. A second-degree abrasion results in damage to the epidermis as well as the dermis. The dermis is the second layer of skin, just below the epidermis. A second-degree abrasion may bleed mildly.
How to cover a bled wound?
Cover a wound that bled with a thin layer of topical antibiotic ointment, like Bacitracin, or a sterile moisture barrier ointment, like Aquaphor. Cover it with a clean bandage or gauze. Gently clean the wound and change the ointment and bandage once per day.
What to do if you have a wound that has become infected?
Your doctor will be able to clean and bandage the wound. They can also prescribe oral or topical antibiotic therapy to treat the infection.
How to stop a scrape from bleeding?
If the wound is bleeding, use a clean cloth or bandage, and apply gentle pressure to the area to stop any bleeding. Elevating the area can also help stop bleeding.
Can abrasions be treated at home?
Abrasions are very common injuries that most people will experience more than once in their lifetime. Most abrasions are mild and can be treated at home. Awareness of the severity of the wound and proper care can help prevent scarring, infection, and further injury. Last medically reviewed on January 23, 2018.