What are the different types of psychosocial treatments?
Psychosocial Treatments 1 Types of Psychosocial Treatments. Often called talk therapy, psychotherapy is when a person, family, couple or group sits down and talks with a therapist or other mental health provider. 2 Supported Employment. ... 3 Case Management. ...
What should be included in a physical exam for psychiatric disorders?
The physical examination should be thorough because, even if there are no neurologic findings, a systemic illness may be present that is producing psychiatric symptoms. Vital signs and a detailed musculoskeletal and neurologic examination, including a mental status exam, are of particular importance.
What are the different types of psychological disorders?
A List of Psychological Disorders. 1 Narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a condition in which people experience an irrepressible need to sleep. People with narcolepsy may experience a sudden loss ... 2 Insomnia Disorder. 3 Hypersomnolence. 4 Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders. 5 Parasomnias. More items
Is there a treatment for psychological disorders without drugs?
Of course, there are other ways to treat psychological disorders that may provide these factors without needing to take a pharmacological substance. The best treatment option for many people who struggle with disorders is psychotherapy.
What is the name of the field of study that reflects the focus on psychological behavioral factors as causes of illness and death?
Health psychology is a specialty area that focuses on how biology, psychology, behavior, and social factors influence health and illness. Other terms including medical psychology and behavioral medicine are sometimes used interchangeably with the term health psychology.
Is health psychology a subfield of medicine?
Health psychology, also known as medical psychology or behavioral medicine, is a subfield of psychology in which the main concern is how biology, psychology, behavior and social factors are involved in one's physical health and illness.
Which of the following statements best reflects the message of how Eastern and Western medicine might effectively integrate in providing health care?
Which of the following statements best reflects the message of how Eastern and Western medicine might effectively integrate in providing health care? While Western medicine can deal with a patient's crisis and keep the patient alive, concepts and approaches from Chinese medicine can help restore the patient's balance.
Which personality is characterized by social inhibition and heightened negative emotions?
People with Type D personality have high levels of both negative affectivity and social inhibition. Social inhibition means that people tend to shy away from social interactions, possibly due to fear of rejection or judgment, and that they tend to lack confidence in social situations.
Which subfield of psychology includes both psychological factors and physical diseases?
Health psychology is a specialty area that focuses on how biology, psychology, behavior and social factors influence health and illness. Other terms including medical psychology and behavioral medicine are sometimes used interchangeably with the term health psychology.
What is psychosocial health?
Psychosocial health, therefore, was defined as the sexual, emotional, social, environmental, cognitive, religious, moral and spiritual satisfaction of a person.
What is the body's physiological response to stress?
Physiological reaction includes increased heart rate. Adrenaline leads to the arousal of the sympathetic nervous system and reduced activity in the parasympathetic nervous system. Adrenaline creates changes in the body such as decreases (in digestion) and increases sweating, increased pulse and blood pressure.
What is the strongest antidote to psychosocial stress as documented by research?
Mindfulness is the best antidote to stress – Association for Psychological Science – APS.
How do individuals living in collectivistic cultures most commonly address their disturbing psychological problems?
How do individuals living in collectivistic cultures most commonly address their disturbing psychological problems? Help is commonly received from family members and close friends. Which ethnic group in the United States tends to use mental health services the least?
What are the 4 types of personalities?
A study published in Nature Human Behaviour reveals that there are four personality types — average, reserved, role-model and self-centered — and these findings might change the thinking about personality in general.
What is social inhibition in psychology?
Social inhibition is the tendency for behaviors that are exhibited when one is alone to be minimized in the presence of others.
What causes behavioral inhibition?
Various factors influence the developmental course of the behaviorally inhibited child. These factors include reciprocating, contextual factors, such as the child's own traits, the environment, the maternal characteristics, and the environment.
What is the current methodology and content of psychiatric diagnosis?
The current methodology and content of psychiatric diagnosis, growing specificity of treatment planning in regard to both medication and psychosocial interventions, and nature of the health care delivery system all influence the context that determines the use of clinical rating scales and neuropsychologic tests to inform assessment and treatment planning. 17
Why is social support important in psychiatric evaluation?
An assessment of family, peer networks, cultural identity, and other support systems plays an important part in the psychiatric evaluation because of the potential role of these systems in ameliorating or augmenting the patient’s signs and symptoms of illness.
What are the factors that affect pain?
Psychologic (affective and cognitive) factors can impact the multidimensional experience of pain by decreasing or increasing the subjective perception of pain and adjustment to ongoing pain-related disability. Affective factors usually include more negative emotions, such as depression, pain-related anxiety, and anger. Cognitive factors include catastrophizing, fear, helplessness, decreased self-efficacy, pain coping, readiness to change, and acceptance. 1,9
What is a structured assessment of physical and instrumental function?
14 The Pain Disability Questionnaire was developed as a measure of functional status of patients with pain and is based on the biopsychosocial approach to pain. 4,20
What are some examples of substance abuse screening tools?
14,15 Examples of tools available for screening for substance abuse/use include the Opioid Risk Tool (ORT), Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain (SOAPP), and the CAGE. 21.
What is the primary assessment tool?
The primary assessment tool is direct face-to-face interview of the patient. Evaluations based solely on review of records and interviews of persons close to the patient are inherently limited by a lack of the patient’s perspective.
What are the differential diagnoses of chronic pain and mental disorders?
The differential diagnoses in individuals with chronic pain and mental disorders include the following: Depression: patient suffers from lowering of mood, reduction of energy, and decrease in activity.
What is a physical disorder?
Physical or biologic disorders that culminate in chronic pain, illness, and disability from loss of mobility, function, and/or independence are commonly encountered in virtually all subspecialties of physical medicine and rehabilitation practice. Many individuals afflicted with a devastating illness or injury endure an adjustment period as ...
What is the most widely employed and thoroughly researched psychotherapeutic approach?
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT): CBT is the most widely employed and thoroughly researched psychotherapeutic approach that has evidence-based efficacy for a number of mental and behavioral disorders, including many chronic pain conditions, depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
What is the CBT progression?
CBT is generally conducted in a 3-step skill-building progression with each phase representing attainment of a higher level of skill development, understanding, application, functioning, motivation, and resiliency.
What are the components of CBT?
Other essential components of CBT include: 1 Stress and anger management 2 Relaxation strategies 3 Identification and modification of adverse emotional and thought responses to perceived or real antagonistic behaviors of family, friends and other contacts that perpetuate maladaptive behaviors.
What is pain in psychology?
As defined by the IASP (The International Association for the Study of Pain), pain is “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage”.
What is rehabilitation psychology?
Rehabilitation Psychology is an integral component of the multidisciplinary rehabilitation team. Rehabilitation psychologists receive additional specialty education, training and expertise in the management of psychologic needs of individuals typically managed in the rehabilitation setting.
How does group therapy benefit the patient?
The primary benefit of group therapy is to use the dynamics of the group to benefit each participant. In order to ensure that the group dynamics are optimized, participants must be willing and compliant, possess at least basic skills of social interaction, and not have personality traits that can adversely impact the group dynamics. Group therapy can also increase the efficiency of the therapist by treating multiple patients in one time slot. Other advantages of group therapy include affordability for patients and health-care payers.
What is the best treatment for a person who has a disorder?
The best treatment option for many people who struggle with disorders is psychotherapy. Several forms of psychotherapy — cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and psychodynamic therapy — have been found to successfully treat many disorders, including disorders with severe symptoms. Furthermore, compared with the effects of ...
What are some examples of mental disorders?
Common examples include bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Other “disorders” impair functioning but are determined by a more diverse array of causes, some of which are psychological and social/cultural in nature. In this sense, these conditions are not true “diseases.”. Examples include anxiety disorders, depression, addictive disorders, ...
Why is psychotherapy so helpful?
Perhaps one of the reasons why psychotherapy is so helpful in many cases is that it gets at the “root” causes of people’s problems. Furthermore, although psychotherapy seems unrelated to biology, research shows that biological changes happen through this treatment just like it does when medication is helpful.
How many mental disorders are there?
According to the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5), there are nearly 400 different psychological disorders. Some of these disorders fit the definition of “disease,” a problem that impairs functioning and that mostly stems from biological causes. Common examples include bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
What are the factors that make a good treatment?
Rather, it seems that there are certain “common factors” involved in good treatment, including a trusting relationship with a treatment provider, client factors such as motivation to follow suggestions, and the faith and hope that the treatment will help.
Do diseases require biological intervention?
In general, diseases require biological intervention. Research suggests, for example, that medication is very successful in helping individuals to manage symptoms that accompany bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
Is there any psychotherapy that is better than the rest?
Available research suggests that there is not necessarily one kind of psychotherapy that is better than the rest (the main exception being that exposure-based treatments seem to work better than all other treatments for anxiety disorders).
What is the treatment of psychological conditions?
Treatment providers use varied approaches to help treat psychological conditions. There is now a vast research literature on evidence-based treatments. Major review articles and practice guidelines can help practitioners and consumers make sense of the wide array of options. Many providers identify with one specific theoretical orientation (e.g., Cognitive-Behavioral, Humanistic), while many others identify as Eclectic or Integrative, indicating that they draw from two or more major approaches.
How do medications help with psychological disorders?
Generally, these medications work by altering neurochemical systems in the brain to relieve some or all of the symptoms a patient is experiencing. Several broad classes of drugs are used for treatment.
What is psychoanalytic therapy?
The psychoanalytic approach to therapy, associated with Sigmund Freud, is commonly referenced in popular culture but is not widely practiced anymore. The more modern approaches covered in this lesson continue the emphasis on helping the client develop insight into emotions and interper-sonal patterns, but the therapist is much more active than a classical psychoanalyst and the treat-ment takes substantially less time.
What age group is most likely to be prescribed psy-choactive medication?
The vast majority of studies of medication focus on the broad group of adults ages 19 or so through 55-60 or so, and most of the generalizable statements about treatment broadly apply to this group. Children/adolescents and older adults are less commonly included or addressed in treatment studies, yet developmental considerations are very important. Broad examples follow:Children and adolescents may be prescribed psy-choactive medications, although for many medications the potential impact on the developing brain has not been established. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) have developed practice guidelines to help physicians reach treatment deci-sions about children and teens. These guidelines also reference psychological interventions when they are preferred. Unfortunately for physicians, the two organi-zations’ guidelines aren’t always in agreement. For ex-ample, the current (2016) AAP guidelines for the treat-ment of ADHD include the recommendation that the first-line intervention for children under six should be evidence-based behavioral treatment. The current AA-CAP guidelines are not as clear.
What is the best medication for anxiety?
the best-known medication from this class is Prozac (fluoxetine). SSRIs are widely used because they are reasonably effective in treatment of depression and side effects are not as severe as they are with the MAOIs and TCAs. SSRIs also are used to treat panic disorders (Hol-lander & Simeon, 2003) and an array of other conditions characterized by anxiety.
What is the first generation of antipsychotics?
This class of drugs currently is commonly divided into two broad categories, “first-generation” (also known as neuroleptics or typical antipsychotics) and “second-gen-eration” or atypical antipsychotics. These medications help to reduce serious symptoms (e.g., hallucinations, delusions, paranoia) of schizophrenia in particular. These medications are moderately successful in reduc-ing hallucinations and similar serious expressions of altered behavior.
How do cognitive therapies help people?
Cognitive therapies are designed to help people change the way that they think about their problems. People can deal with problems by learning to change their thoughts or cognitions. Early cognitive therapies evolved from two perspectives: rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT, Ellis) and cognitive therapy (CT, Beck). Recently there has been much diversification, and now there are many cognitive treatments that do not have much at all in common with these origins. Examples include the ‘third-wave’ and mindfulness treatments, which have integrated Eastern thought and practice, and which focus much more on acceptance than on direct questioning of irrational thinking.
What is psychological disorder?
The term psychological disorder is sometimes used to refer to what is more frequently known as mental disorders or psychiatric disorders . Mental disorders are patterns of behavioral or psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of life. These disorders create distress for the person experiencing these symptoms.
What is the pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, inflexibility, and mental and interpersonal control
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, inflexibility, and mental and interpersonal control. This is a different condition than obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).
What is factitious disorder?
A factitious disorder is when an individual intentionally creates, fakes, or exaggerates symptoms of illness.
What is anxiety disorder?
Anxiety Disorders. Anxiety disorders are those that are characterized by excessive and persistent fear, worry, anxiety and related behavioral disturbances. 5 Fear involves an emotional response to a threat, whether that threat is real or perceived. Anxiety involves the anticipation that a future threat may arise.
What is autism spectrum disorder?
This disorder is characterized by persistent deficits in social interaction and communication in multiple life areas as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. The DSM specifies that symptoms of autism spectrum disorder must be present during the early developmental period and that these symptoms must cause significant impairment in important areas of life including social and occupational functioning. 3
How does psychological disorder affect daily life?
Psychological disorders can cause disruptions in daily functioning, relationships, work, school, and other important domains. With appropriate diagnosis and treatment, however, people can find relief from their symptoms and discover ways to cope effectively.
What is social anxiety?
Social Anxiety Disorder. Social anxiety disorder is a fairly common psychological disorder that involves an irrational fear of being watched or judged. The anxiety caused by this disorder can have a major impact on an individual's life and make it difficult to function at school, work, and other social settings.
What is psychosocial treatment?
Psychosocial treatments include different types of psychotherapy and social and vocational training, and aim to provide support, education and guidance to people with mental illness and their families. Psychosocial treatments are an effective way to improve the quality of life for individuals with mental illness and their families.
How does psychosocial care help with mental health?
Psychosocial treatments are an effective way to improve the quality of life for individuals with mental illness and their families. They can lead to fewer hospitalizations and less difficulties at home, at school and at work. Check with your local NAMI affiliate, your community mental health center or health care provider to see what psychosocial ...
What is active community treatment?
Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) Assertive community treatment (ACT) is a team-based treatment model that provides multidisciplinary, flexible treatment and support to people with mental illness 24/7. ACT is based around the idea that people receive better care when their mental health care providers work together.
What is the purpose of psychoeducation?
Psychoeducation. Psychoeducation teaches people about their illness and how they’ll receive treatment. Psychoeducation also includes education for family and friends where they learn things like coping strategies, problem-solving skills and how to recognize the signs of relapse.
How does psychosocial rehabilitation help people?
Psychosocial rehabilitation helps people develop the social, emotional and intellectual skills they need in order to live happily with the smallest amount of professional assistance they can manage. Psychosocial rehabilitation uses two strategies for intervention: learning coping skills so that they are more successful handling a stressful environment and developing resources that reduce future stressors.
What is it called when a person sits down and talks with a therapist?
Often called talk therapy , psychotherapy is when a person, family, couple or group sits down and talks with a therapist or other mental health provider. Psychotherapy helps people learn about their moods, thoughts, behaviors and how they influence their lives. They also provide ways to help restructure thinking and respond to stress and other conditions.
How can support groups help with mental health?
Self-help and support groups can help address feelings of isolation and help people gain insight into their mental health condition. Members of support groups may share frustrations, successes, referrals for specialists, where to find the best community resources and tips on what works best when trying to recover. They also form friendships with other members of the group and help each other on the road to recovery. As with psychoeducation, families and friends may also benefit from support groups of their own.
