What is involved in the treatment of cancer?
Involves the use of x-rays or gamma rays to damage cancer cells. Damage dividing cells; stimulate apoptosis (death); halt cell cycle. What is surgery r/t cancer? Removes the tumor from the body. Reduce tumor size to alleviate pain; prevent metastasis if used early, diagnosis of cancer What are the adverse effects (a/e) of surgery? Pain, deformity
Which of the following foods can reduce the risk of cancer?
Eating cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage may actually reduce cancer risk. While the nurse is obtaining the health history of a 75-year-old female patient, which of the following has the greatest implication for the development of cancer?
What are the 3 goals of cancer treatment?
What are the 3 goals of cancer treatment? Cure, control, palliation What does cure mean r/t one of the cancer treatment goals? May involve surgery alone or extended periods of systemic therapy. What does control mean r/t one of the cancer treatment goals?
What is the definitive test for the diagnosis of cancer?
a. MRI b. Biopsy d. Tumor marker Only a biopsy is a definitive means of diagnosing cancer, because it actually identifies the pathological cells. Many tests, such as MRI, CT scan, and tumor markers, are indicative of cancer, but they do not confirm the presence of cancer cells as examination of a specimen obtained by biopsy does.
What is primary prevention of cancer?
ANS: D. Primary prevention of cancer involves removal of "at risk" tissue. The other choices listed are secondary prevention strategies, which involve screening for early detection of cancer. A student nurse asks the nursing instructor what "apoptosis" means.
How to decrease the risk of developing cancer?
To decrease the risk of developing cancer, one should cut down on the consumption of red meats and animal fat. The other statements are correct. A client is in the oncology clinic for a first visit since being diagnosed with cancer. The nurse reads in the client's chart that the cancer classification is TISN0M0.
What is benign tumor?
Benign tumors are basically normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time. Benign cells grow through hyperplasia, not invasion. Benign tumor cells retain contact inhibition. Anaplasia is a characteristic of cancer cells.
What are the characteristics of normal cells?
Normal cells have the characteristics of differentiated function, nonmigratory, specific morphology, a smaller nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, tight adherence, and orderly and well-regulated growth . The nurse working with oncology clients understands that interacting factors affect cancer development.
What does TIS stand for in cancer?
There are no distant metastases noted in the report. TIS stands for carcinoma in situ; N0 stands for no regional lymph node metastasis; and M0 stands for no distant metastasis. A client asks the nurse if eating only preservative- and dye-free foods will decrease cancer risk.
What is the most common way for cancer to spread?
Bloodborne metastasis is the most common way for cancer to metastasize. Direct invasion and lymphatic spread are other methods. Bone marrow is not a medium in which cancer spreads, although cancer can occur in the bone marrow.
Does eating apricots reduce cancer risk?
Reducing sodium is helpful in the treatment of hypertension and heart and kidney failure; no evidence suggests that lowering of sodium intake decreases the incidence of cancer.